Trentino

Trentino, officially the State of Trentino, is a state located in the Luson region of central Cartadania. With 8.8 million residents across a total area of about 31610.8 km2, Trentino is the 15th-most populous and second-least extensive state in Cartadania, but the second-most densely populated with 278.1 PD/km2. The state capital is the city of Aquilônia in Central Trentino, while Valencia is the most populous city in the state, located in the extreme southern portion of the state's panhandle, near the border with Verona and Catania. The Valencia metro area is the most populous urban region in the state, and accounts for just over a quarter of Trentino residents.

History
Today what comprises the state of Trentino was formed from the Commonwealth of Verona's Sancti regio in 1591. The land started out as a forested and hilly section of the state; the far western reaches of the Commonwealth, beyond which lied the Lençois desert. Following the Vermillion Acts, where Verona separated from Caphiria 165 years prior, the Verona General Assembly sent explorers to survey the land and report back to Sevilla. For those that survived the journey, the perils of water,, and left an imprint so deep in their memories, that the General Assembly prohibited travel to the region again until the 1620s, when Sancti became a province, and Trentino, known as the Carolina Territory, separated into its own entity.

In 1628, Sancti sent a team of expeditionists yet again into Carolina, this time, heavily armed and on high alert. The territory, though a separate entity legally, was the resposibility of the Sancti territory, an honor bestowed upon it by the Commonwealth from which it came. The were able to officially survey a large portion of the land, while also documenting the wildlife they encountered in the process. Along the Hanequin River, the team came across many animals for the first time, including the, the , and , all of which proved to be dangerous.

As years continued on, and Cartadania officially separated from Caphiria, the land began to develop, first into farmland, then once Carolina became a state, into a developed inland location. Carolina was an anomaly amongst Cartadania's states due to it being landlocked, a trait no other state had until the admission of Toscana in December of 1869. This made development of the area quite difficult for many years. In 1677, six years post-independence, then-capital Meridia turned its sights to Carolina, which it envisioned as a perfect location for secretive developments for the military. This spurred the creation of Fort Valerius, the second-largest military installation in Cartadania. Following the addition of the base, many people whom were in the Armed Forces that were assigned to the base needed to move within distance of the base or onto the base itself, thus the state also saw a large upheaval in residential development, which makes it the second-most densely populated state of Cartadania at present.

With the fall of Cartadania's first government during the Ano Roxo circa 1698, Carolina and other states existed in a type of limbo, where the citizens were essentially stateless. When the country reformed in 1710, Carolina's government was in disarray, and for a period, the state merged back into Santiago with the provision that the state would separate again in the future. On 28 July 1864, the twenty counties that constituted Carolina formed the Trentino Metropolitan Government Council (for which the state gets its name), and designated four representatives–Leandro Bambalio, Bruno Glaucia, Escobar Leal, and Juliano Takeda–to be sent to Alahuela, Cartadania's new capital. The four representatives petitioned Congress over a period of six weeks to again grant statehood. Utilizing documents prepared by the government of Santiago, the four were able to finally achieve statehood again on 10 September 1864 as the State of Trentino. The seat of government was placed in the city of Aquilônia, in Carolina County.

Governance
As with all other Cartadanian states and the federal government, Trentino's government is based on the separation of legislative, executive, and judicial power. Executive authority in the state rests with the governor, currently Brian Kemp (Republican). Both the Governor of Trentino and lieutenant governor are elected on separate ballots to four-year terms of office, limited to two terms. Most of the executive officials who comprise the governor's cabinet are elected by the citizens of Trentino rather than appointed by the governor.

Legislative authority resides in the Trentino General Assembly, composed of the Senate and Chamber of Emissaries. The Lieutenant Governor presides over the state's senate, while members of the Chamber of Emissaries select their own speaker. The Code of Trentino sets the number of senators at 40, each of whom is elected from single-member districts. It also mandates a minimum of 100 representatives, apportioned among the representative districts. The state currently sits at the legally defined number of 40 senators and 100 representatives, each of whom serves two-year terms with no limit. Trentino's law mirrors heavily off of its origin state, Verona's law (although the laws of the states do tend to vary), and although the state codifies many laws which would be more in place with "Commonwealth Law", Trentino is not a commonwealth.

Trentino's judges and justices who make up the state's judicial system are elected by a majority vote in both the Chamber and Senate with approval from the governor, one of the ways Trentino's executive has more power than its legislative, although the General Assembly is able to overrule the governor with a majority vote in both houses. Judicial authority rests with the Trentino Supreme Court (TRESCO) and Court of Appeals of Trentino (COAT). In addition, there are smaller courts that have more limited geographical jurisdiction, including Circuit Courts, the trial courts of general jurisdiction, and the lower Superior Courts, which house Juvenile and Domestic Relations Courts and General District Courts. The Supreme Court has seven justices who serve twelve-year terms, with a mandatory retirement age of 75. The supreme court selects its own Chief Justice from among its seven justices, who is limited to no more than a twelve-year term as Chief.

Local government
The state is divided into 18 counties across the three grand divisions. Counties in Trentino have their own elected legislative branch, usually called the Board of Supervisors, which usually also has executive authority in the county. Trentino's constitution provides all counties and cities with "" authority. The county boards have considerable power to pass legislation within their county, similar to how cities would.

Trentino recognizes all local units of government as cities, so all incorporated towns are legally cities by virtue of state law, regardless of enumerated title. Trentino does not provide for independent cities or governments, and townships no longer have legal status, although many areas still bear the signage of the towns that once stood and were dissolved instead of becoming cities.

The state's grand divisions–Upper Trentino, Middle Trentino, and Lower Trentino, are three geographic regions, each constituting roughly one-third of the state's length, that are geographically, culturally, legally, and economically distinct. A majority of the state's population resides in Lower Trentino, within the three counties of Metro Valencia.