Carna

Carna, officially the People's Republic of Carna, is a country in southern Levantia. It shares land borders with Grussland and Yonderre to the north, and Urcea and Anglei to the northeast, and borders the Carnish Sea to the south and west. It covers an area of 1,026,904 square kilometres (396,490 sq mi) which includes the island of Ardran, the islands of New Ardmore, and the Eriskay Islands. The country has a population of almost 99 million, the vast majority of which is situated within the country's coastal regions and central belt. The is Dunaird, the country's largest city and main cultural and economic centre. Other major cities include Malkirk, Inverleith, Dalfearn, Kinlaig, Craigshiel, Largmore, and Colgar.

By 300 CE, the Germanic had migrated into the central areas of modern Carna, establishing permanent settlements in the region. The south and southwestern coastal areas and the mountainous northern areas of Carna remained under the rule of the native people up until the collapse of Great Levantia in 500 CE. This saw the Ængles conquer much of Carna, developing a distinct Ænglo-Gaelic culture that laid the foundation of the language. Following the dissolution of the Western Kingdom of the Levantines in 978, the Kingdom of Carna was founded in 995, beginning more than a millennia of independent Carnish rule. With the advent of the, Carna entered the global stage and established itself as a strong naval power, building a colonial empire with the establishment of the colony of Arcerion in southern Crona. Calls for reform in the late 18th century would see the Carnish monarchy relinquish significant power to an elected parliament. Carna would briefly enter the First Great War in 1938, assisting its colonial dependency of Arcerion in its border war with Paulastra. The development and spread of combined with dissatisfaction with working and living conditions and civil and political discontent would culminate in the Carnish Revolution of 1912 which saw the Carnish monarchy deposed and the outbreak of the Carnish Civil War. The civil war would come to an end in 1915 with the surrender of the last monarchist forces and the subsequent establishment of the People's Republic of Carna — the world's first Marxist-Livasist state.

Since the establishment of the People's Republic in 1915, Carna has been governed as a  under the Communist Party of Carna (CPC). Although political organisation are not explicitly outlawed, the CPC is enshrined in the Carnish Constituion as the nation's only legitimate political party and as the only political party legally permitted to hold effective power, with only political organisations affiliated with or endorsed by the CPC permitted to contest elections, making Carna a de facto. Following the establishment of the People's Republic, Carna established the Communist International, which it continues to head to this day as the global leader of the Marxist–Livasist movement.

Carna is a highly, with an advanced. It has very high standards of, , , , and is categorised as "very high" in the , with it offering expansive social security, a universal healthcare system free at the point of use, strong environmental protections, a tution-free education at all levels, and more. However, due to its de facto status as a one-party state, its lack of political representation, and its repression of dissenting political movements, the country ranks poorly in the Democracy Index. The CPC have, however, contested Carna's Democracy Index ranking, calling the index a "biased and untruthful record that does not recognise forms of democracy outside of those of the liberal strain and that seeks to push an anti-Carnish and anti-socialist agenda."

Known for its long and rich cultural history, Carna has many World Heritage Sites and is among the top tourism destinations in Levantia. The country's national anthem, "", has become an internationally recognised anthem which is sung around the world on to mark the beginning of a new year.

Etymology
The name Carna comes from Carni, the name for the  that inhabited the westernmost regions of Great Levantia. The name of the Carni is derived from the word càrn, which is the root of the  and  word "". It is widely believed that the Latin name Carni was given to the westernmost Celts of Great Levantia due to the region's high density of cairns, with more ancient cairns being found in Carna than anywhere else in the world. The modern Carnish Gaelic name for the country, Càrna, stems from this theory, literally meaning "Cairn land" or "Land of cairns".

Prehistory
Excavations throughout Carna revealed a presence dating back to the  some 200,000 years ago, while  first arrived in Carna, from the southeast on foot, about 35,000 years ago. The best known artefacts of these prehistoric human settlements are the famous paintings in the Creagan Dubha cave in northern Carna, which were created from 32,600 to 13,500. Archaeological and genetic evidence suggests that Carna acted as one of several major refugia from which northern Levantia was repopulated following the end of the.

By about 3,000 BCE, the population of Carna is believed to have been primarily made up of the ancestors of the. When exactly the Celts first arrived in Carna has been debated for close to a century, with the migrations of the Celts being one of the more enduring themes of archaeological and linguistic studies. The current prevailing theory is that the ancestors of the Gaels, forced to expand out of their homeland in northern Levantia due to famine and conflict with the ancestors of the Celts, arrived in the highlands of northern Carna sometime between 4,000 and 3,600 BCE and expanded southward to populate the central belt, lowlands, and the islands of Carna over the following centuries.