Passport system in the Kiravian Federacy

A passport (Kiravic: lavnurîɣuv, literally "gate-writ" or "gate-authorisation") is the primary for Kiravian citizens and nationals. It is a form of issued by the federal subjects of the Kiravian Federacy and used for domestic identification purposes and is distinct from passports valid for international travel, which are issued by the Kiravian Foreign Executive.

Function and Appearance
Passports are available in both booklet and card form, though a handful of states issue them in booklet form only.

Passports are used for domestic identification purposes such as verification of age or citizenship and other situations where citizens of other nations might use a or a. In Kiravia, a driver's licence is not an identity document at all, but merely a legal permit to drive that is usually printed on conventional paper, contains only minimal information about the bearer, and is usually kept in the glove compartment of one's car. Card-form passports are virtually indistinguishable from driver's licences and ID cards issued by other nations.

History
Unlike internal passports in other countries, which were historically used to monitor and restrict internal migration, the Kiravian internal passport system was originally intended to facilitate interstate travel and commerce by certifying to local authorities that the bearer was a Kiravian national and a citizen of one of its states, and therefore entitled to the rights and protections due to them under the CRK's confederal system.

As the Federacy expanded overseas and colonial governments were established, the passport system found a new purpose in providing identity documents for colonial inhabitants who were not Kiravian nationals (colonial natives, immigrant Coscivians). During the modern era, as the overseas components of the Federacy became better integrated and administrative restrictions on non-nationals were tightened while non-Coscivian citizens became better established, the internal passport system became useful as a means of upholding freedom of movement between states while helping guard against illegal immigration.

During the Kirosocialist era, internal passports were mandatory and were an important tool for implementing the government's labour transmigration policies and internal migration controls. Passport endorsements were used to control access to the Kiravian Union's many and closed territories in the West and Far North, as well as to limit the mobility and track the movements of persons deemed politically unreliable.

Laws
No one is legally required to own a passport, nor to keep any identity documents on their person. However, because of the frequent need to verify one's identity in modern life, even within the territory of one's home state, essentially all adults (except for some colonial natives) and nearly all older youth in the Federacy hold a passport and carry it on most excursions form their homes. Persons stopped by police whose identity must be verified and who do not have any identity documents may need to be escorted to a police station or courthouse to consult official registries, but cannot face legal penalties.

Federal law requires that all states provide their eligible citizens with passports, and regulates the application fees that states may charge for them.

A passport is required to board an interstate domestic flight or an interstate train, and some private interstate bus services require a passport in order to purchase tickets. Passports are required for Kiravian nationals to travel to the Federacy's external possessions (territories subject to Kiravian sovereignty that are not integral parts of the Federacy), and procedurally required for sea travel between Kiravian states (meaning that those who cannot produce a passport may be required to verify their identity at a local courthouse in the destination state). Individual external possessions may choose whether or not to allow non-Kiravians to enter their territory on an internal passport.

Content
While the exact informational content of a passport varies by issuing authority, Federal law and the PKPC requires that all passports include:


 * Legal name to the fullest extent possible within 180 characters, including at minimum a forename and surname.
 * A colour photograph
 * State of allegiance
 * Nationality or lack thereöf
 * If a Kiravian national, the bearer's legal status (citizen, metic, simple national)
 * Date of Birth
 * Sex
 * Eye and hair colour
 * Height and weight
 * Address if applicable
 * Dates of issue and expiration
 * Indications of restriction (e.g. for parolees)

Also typically included are:
 * Occupation (optional)
 * Ethnosocial group (optional)
 * Countyship of issue
 * Organ and tissue donation preference

For their own internal purposes, some states opt to include additional information such as aboriginal status and/or tribal affiliation, veteran status, and disability or other special service eligibility.

Passport booklets include an opening message from the federal subject's Chief State Executive (or equivalent) or, less commonly, its Governor. The PKPC requires that all content be printed at least in Kiravic and that all numerical data be printed in Iatic numerals. Many states choose to print passport content in additional languages. The languages used are most often the official or co-official languages of the state and standard for all passports, but some states allow applicants to select which additional languages will appear on their passport (Enscirya, for example, allows its citizens to choose any living Ĥeldican language, [Aboriginal language], or Ańlan). Vriĥtcróvan passports are printed in Kiravic and Iatic, even though Iatic is not an official language in the state.

Issuing Authority and Eligibility
The vast majority of internal passports are issued by the governments of federal subjects: states and territories, federal districts, overseas provinces and possessions. The General Government of Kiravian Sakatia issues internal passports to its citizens who are Kiravian nationals. The Federal government also issues internal passports for special classes of persons, such as military personnel, military dependents living in overseas bases who would not be eligible for state passports, and residents of minor possessions administered directly by the Federal government (e.g. New Ardana Island). During the Confederate Republics era and the early years of the Federacy, the national government issued special internal passports for government agents travelling on official business. This practice has been discontinued, except for constitutional executive officers (Prime Executive, Vice-Executive, Executive-General), High Court judges, and certain officers of Federal law enforcement agencies.

Eligibility for a passports is governed by the Pan-Kiravian Passport Compact, federal legislation, and the laws of inividual federal subjects. In order to be eligible for a passport, one must be a vrindikuv ("allegiant" or "affiliate", but usually translated as "citizen") of the issuing federal subject. A vrindikuv may or may not be a Kiravian national, and the PKPC requires that all passports clearly indicate the bearer's nationality (or lack thereöf), as well as whether the bearer is a Kiravian citizen, metic, or "simple national". While states may issue passports to persons of any age, most set age minima and have shorter renewal periods for those under 17. Under the PKPC, states may not set the minimum age any higher than 15. Children under the age of 15 may travel on the passport of a legal guardian.

The degree of attachment that one must have to a state to be eligible for allegiance and a passport varies by state. Most states require that applicants be a resident at the time of application, though exceptions are often made for those who were born in the state. Several states allow nonresidents whose parents (or even grandparents) had allegiance to that state to obtain allegiance. Dual allegiance is prohbited by Federal law.

In the event that a Kiravian national or an otherwise lawful resident is not eligible for allegiance with the state in which they reside or any other state (or is a Kiravian national living outside the Federacy), the federal subject in which they are born is required to grant them allegiance. Federal law bars prisoners and parolees from applying for passports for the duration of their sentences and suspends their existing passports' validity for travel purposes. Issuing authorities may suspend or revoke passports with due process of the law for persons who have committed treason against the state, deserted from its defence forces, or failed to comply with court orders while out-of-state (e.g. child support payments).

Nonresident Allegiance
A major difference between identification policy in Kiravia and other federations is that passport holders do not need to be domiciled in the state that issues their passport. Kiravian law differentiates between state residency and state citizenship, and the Fundamental Statute requires that citizens of one state be granted the same rights and privileges. As such, there are comparatively few incentives for Kiravians to obtain new passports after moving to a new state, and because many states allow passports to be renewed online or by post, many states have large minority populations who are legally citizens of other states. In fact, only 46% of residents of the District of Coïnvra hold District of Coïnvra passports.

The Free State of Verdasina establishes state citizenship on a ius sanguinis basis, meaning that Kiravian citizens who have never set foot in Verdasina can obtain a Verdasinan passport provided that they can demonstrate an ancestral connexion to the state. Many ethnic Tryhstians living across the Federacy carry passports issued by the Tryhstian Littoral Territory.