Pelaxia

Pelaxia [pelaheea], officially the Federal Republic of Pelaxia, is a nation in the north west of Sarpedon. Pelaxia is located in Western Sarpedon It shares its northern borders with Cartadania, borders Caphiria at the East and shares its southern border with Aciria. Its coast rests on the Kindred Sea. In 2025 a series of unpopular socio-economic measures promoted by the recent right-wing government led to a popular uprising. This would be known as the Pelaxian Revolution.

With an area of 1,527,989 square kilometres, Pelaxia is the seventh largest country by area. Pelaxia is the flattest, and most humid inhabited valley, with the most fertile soil in the continent. It is a megadiverse country, and its latitude it a wide variety of landscapes and climates, with deserts in south-east, tropical rainforests in the north-west, subtropical plains in the centre and south, and mountain ranges in the west.

Politically, Pelaxia is a federal parliamentary republic, comprising 29 provinces, autonomous communities and territories. Pelaxia's population of nearly 220 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the western seaboard.Albalitor is the nation's capital, while the largest cities are Villa Delfia, Agrila, Montia, Jojoba, and Jazmín. Pelaxia's abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade relations are crucial to the country's economy, which generates its income from various sources including services, crude oil exports, banking, manufacturing, agriculture and international education.

Anatomically modern humans first arrived in the Pelaxia Valley around 42,000 years ago. The first cultures and peoples that developed in current Pelaxian territory were Pre-Caphirian peoples such as the ancient Cognatish. Later, foreign Sarpedonian peoples such as the Kosalis developed coastal trading colonies. From the year 218 BCE, with the taking of the city of Augurias, the Caphirian colonization of Pelaxia began and, they quickly controlled the territory of present-day Pelaxia. The Caphirians had driven the Kosalis out of the valle by 206 BCE, and divided it into two administrative provinces. The Caphirians laid the foundations for modern Pelaxian culture and identity, and was the birthplace of important Caphirian generals.

Pelaxia is a highly developed country with a high-income economy; it has the world's thirteenth-largest economy, twelveth-highest per capita income and twentyfifth-highest Human Development Index. Pelaxia is a regional power, and has the world's thirteenth-highest military expenditure. Pelaxia ranks highly in quality of life, democracy, health, education, civil liberties, safety, and political rights, with all its major cities faring exceptionally in global comparative livability surveys.

It is a member of international groupings including the League of Nations, the E5, and the Vila Real Accords. Pelaxia maintains the "Pelaxian welfare model" with comprehensive social security system, and its values are rooted in egalitarian and marxist ideals. The Pelaxian state has large ownership positions in key industrial sectors, having extensive reserves of petroleum, natural gas, minerals, seafood, and fresh water. The petroleum industry accounts for around a quarter of the country's gross domestic product (GDP). On a per-capita basis, Pelaxia is Sarpedon's largest producer of oil and natural gas.

Pelaxian art, music, literature and cuisine have been influential worldwide, particularly in Northern Sarpedon. As a reflection of its large cultural wealth, Pelaxia has the world's fourth-largest number of World Heritage Sites and is the world's fifth-most visited country.

Etymolgy
"Pelaxia" derives from the latin word "Pelagia", which "pertains to the open sea", in reference to the Kindred Sea where the Pelaxian Coast lies.

Antiquity
The Cognati (from Latin: Cognatus) were a set of people that Caphirian sources identified with that name in the wester coast of Sarpedon over the Kindred Sea, at least from the 6th century BC. The Caphirian sources also use the term Pelagi to refer to the Cognati. The term Cognatish, as used by the ancient authors, had two distinct meanings. One, more general, referred to all the populations of the cognatish valley without regard to ethnic differences. The other, more restricted ethnic sense, refers to the people living in the western and southern coasts of the Cognatish Valley, which by the 6th century BCE had absorbed cultural influences from the Eshelians and Takattan. This pre-Caphiravian cultural group spoke the Cognatish language from the 7th to the 1st century BCE. Due to their military qualities, as of the 5th century BCE Cognatish soldiers were frequently deployed in battles in Caphiria. Around 4th Century BCE, Caphiria sent Caphirian General Ottiano to conquer Cognatia. General Rusciprio subsequently defeated the Cognatish Ilergetes tribes and conquered Montia. After the Cognaitsh defeat, the valleys were divided into two major provinces, Pelagia Orientis and Pelagia Occidentis. In 197 BCE, the Cognatish tribes revolted once again in the P. Orientis province. After securing these regions, Caphiria invaded and conquered Albalitoria and Cognatilitoria. The Caphirians fought a long and drawn out campaign for the conquest of Albalitoria. Wars and campaigns in the northwest coast of the Cognatish valleys would continue until 16 BCE, when the final rebellions of the Litorian Wars were defeated.

Caphirian Pelaxia
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Caphirian recession and Kosal expansion
In the mid 5th Century CE., the Caphirian Republic would eventually face internal pressure from ambitious leaders such as Luccino Capontinus and Iscallio Maristo, as contention for leadership caused a number of small fights among the ambitious youth and the elder aristocracy. The fighting would culminate with a five year civil war, known now as the War of the Republic, that left 120,000 people dead. The war was in such a frenzy that by the time it had ended, there was no decisive victor and as a consequence, the Republic was on the verge of total collapse.

The undoing of Caphiravian control in the region was the result of four sarpedonian tribes crossing the Cazuano river in 407. After three years of depredation and wandering about southern Pelaxia the Losa, Ladri and Klis moved into Pelaxia in September or October 409. Thus began the history of the end of Caphiravian Pelaxia which came in 472. The Losa established a kingdom in Monti in what is today modern Montia and northern East Pelaxia. The Ladri also established a kingdom in the southern part of the region. The Klis established a kingdom in Albalitore – modern northwest coast. The Caphirian attempt under General Petia to dislodge the Septri from Jojoba failed in 422. Caphiria made attempts to restore control in 446 and 458 with partial success.

In 484 the Kosal established Agrila as the capital of their kingdom. Successive Kosal kings ruled Agrila as patricians who held imperial commissions to govern in the name of the Caphirian Consul. In 585 the Kosal conquered the Losa Kingdom of Montia, and thus controlled a third of Pelaxia.

Kingdom of Agrila
The Agrila Kingdom (Latin: Regnum Agrili) was a kingdom that occupied what is now western Pelaxia from the 5th to the 8th centuries. One of the successor states to the Caphiravian presence in the Province, it was originally created by the settlement of the Kosali under King Magda in Agrila.The Kingdom maintained independence from the Caphiravian Empire, whose attempts to re-establish authority in Pelaxia were only partially successful. Under King Evaristo - who eliminated the status of imperial commissions - a triumphal advance of the Kosali began. Alarmed at Kosali expansion from Ficetia after victory over the Caphirian armies at Cakia in 479, the Consul sent a fresh army against Evaristo. The Caphirian army was crushed in battle nearby and Evaristo then captured Barlesia and secured all of Pelaxian Valley.

Kosali Conquest of Albalitor
Kosal monarch Columbio founded the Kingdom of Albalitor in 618, after he expelled the Klis form its capital and harassed Rastri and Rati settlements in the coastal strip over the Kindred Sea. The Albalitorian kings were happy to make peace with the Sarpic when it suited them, particularly if it left them free to pursue their other enemies, the Merquines. Thus Dadario (757–68) killed 40,000 Sarpics but also defeated the Meriquines and Ciro (774–83) made peace with the Sarpics. Under King Radamancio I (791–842), the kingdom was firmly established. The ethnic distinction between the Cognatish-Caphiravian population and the Kosal had largely disappeared by this time (the Kosal language lost its last and probably already declining function as a church language when the Kosali converted to Catholicism in 589).This newfound unity found expression in increasingly severe persecution of outsiders, especially the Jews. The Kosal Code (completed in 654) abolished the old tradition of having different laws for Caphirians and for Kosali. The 7th century saw many civil wars between factions of the aristocracy. The Kosali also developed the highly influential law code known in Western Sarpedon as the Kosali Code, which would become the basis for Pelaxian law throughout the Middle Ages.

Pelaxia in the Early Middle Ages
Under the Catholic Kosali nobles, the feudal system proliferated, and monasteries and bishoprics were important bases for maintaining the rule. The Kosali were romanized Western Sarpedonians and were to keep the “Caphiravian order” against the hordes of Ladri, Rati, Losa and Rastri. The Treaty of Agrila of 943 assigned the western part of modern Pelaxia to the House of Castro-Brine, ruled by Luciano II, and the eastern part to the eastern Agrilan Duke of Agrila. During the 12th century the counts of Santialche, vassals of Adolfo Duke of Agrila, founded many cities, the most important being Alimoche in 1120, Fatides in 1157, and Barcegas in 1191. The Santialche dynasty ended with the death of Balbino in 1218, and their cities subsequently thus became independent, while the dukes of Kazofort competed with the Albalitorian Warden house of Castro-Brine over control of the rural regions of the former Santialche territory. The rise of the Castro-Brine dynasty gained momentum when their main local competitor, the Kazofort dynasty, died out and they could thus bring much of the territory south of the Rayado River under their control. Subsequently, they managed within only a few generations to extend their influence through Savria in south-eastern regions. Under the Horiz rule, the Picos passes in Montia and the San Alberto Pass gained importance. Especially the latter became an important direct route through the mountains. The construction of the "Devil’s Bridge" (Puente del Diablo) across the Picos Centrales in 1198 led to a marked increase in traffic on the mule track over the pass. While some of the "Free Communities" (Comunidades Libres, i.e. Montia, Cevedo, and Bajofort) were Imperolibertos the Castro-Brine still claimed authority over some villages and much of the surrounding land. While Cevedo was Imperoliberti in 1240, the castle of Nueva Brine was built in 1244 to help control Lake Lucrecia and restrict the neighboring Forest Communities. In 1273 the rights to the Comunidades were sold by a cadet branch of the Habsburgs to the head of the family, Laín II. Laín II was therefore the ruler of all the Imperoliberti communities as well as the lands that he ruled as a Castro-Brine. Laín II instituted a strict rule in his homelands and raised the taxes tremendously to finance wars and further territorial acquisitions. As king, he finally had also become the direct liege lord of the Comunidades Libres, which thus saw their previous independence curtailed. On the April 16, 1291 Laín bought all the rights over the town of Lucrecia and the abbey estates in Bajofort from Abbey. The Comunidades saw their trade route over Lake Lucrecia cut off and feared losing their independence. When Laín died on July 15, 1291 the Comunidades prepared to defend themselves. On August 1, 1291 a League was made between the Comunidades Libres for mutual defense against a common enemy.

The 14th century
With the opening of the Gastian Pass in the 13th century, the territory of Central Pelaxia, primarily the valleys of Montia, had gained great strategical importance and was granted Imperoliberti by the Horiz monarchs of Agrila. This became the nucleus of the Montian Confederacy, which during the 1330s to 1350s grew to incorporate its core of "eleven provinces" The 14th century in the territory of modern Pelaxia was a time of transition from the old feudal order administrated by regional families of lower nobility (such as the houses of Babafort, Estreniche, Fegona, Fatides, Foronafort, Gouganaca, Huega, Tolefe, Terrafort, Rimiranol, Tarabefort, Santialche etc.) and the development of the powers of the late medieval period, primarily the first stage of the meteoric rise of the House of Castro-Brine, which was confronted with rivals in Agrila and Sebardoba. The free imperial cities, prince-bishoprics and monasteries were forced to look for allies in this unstable climate, and entered a series of pacts. Thus, the multi-polar order of the feudalism of the High Middle Ages, while still visible in documents of the first half of the 14th century such as the Codex Manesse or the Montia armorial gradually gave way to the politics of the Late Middle Ages, with the Montian Confederacy wedged between Castro-Brine Pelaxia, the Kingdom of Agrila, the Duchy of Sebardoba and the Duchy of Ficetia. Babafort had taken an unfortunate stand against Castro-Brine in the battle of Scafaleno in 1289, but recovered enough to confront Fatides and then to inflict a decisive defeat on a coalition force of Castro-Brine, Sebardoba and Abubilla in the battle of Lupita in 1339. At the same time, Castro-Brine attempted to gain influence over the cities of Lucrecia and Zaralava, with riots or attempted coups reported for the years 1343 and 1350 respectively. This situation led the cities of Lucrecia, Zaralva and Babafort to attach themselves to the Montian Confederacy in 1332, 1351, and 1353 respectively. The catastrophic 1356 Abubilla earthquake which devastated a wide region, and the city of Abubilla was destroyed almost completely in the ensuing fire. The balance of power remained precarious during the 1350s to 1380s, with Castro-Brine trying to regain lost influence; Alberto II besieged Zaralva unsuccessfully, but imposed an unfavourable peace on the city in the treaty of Reifort. In 1375, Castro-Brine tried to regain control over the Savria with the help of Caphiric mercenaries. After a number of minor clashes, it was with the decisive Confederated victory at the battle of Campes in 1386 that this situation was resolved. Castro-Brine moved its focus westward and lost all possessions in its ancestral territory with the Confederated annexation of Brine in 1416, from which time the Montian Confederacy stood for the first time as a political entity controlling a contiguous territory. Meanwhile, in Abubilla, the citizenry was also divided into a pro-Castro and an anti-Castro faction.

Termian Wars
Initially in 1469, Lord Warden Emigdio of Castro-Brine of Albalitor assigned his possessions in the Termia as a fiefdom to the Duke of Barakaldo, Tristán, to have them protected better against the expansion of the Montian Confederacy. Tristán's involvement west of the Confederacy gave him no reason to attack the confederates as Emigdio had wanted, but his embargo politics against several confederate communes, directed by his reeve Pedro de Goito, prompted these to turn to Agrila for help. Tristán's expansionist strategy suffered a first setback in his politics when his attack on the Archbishopric of Cuenca failed after the unsuccessful Siege of Gandía (1474–75). In a second phase, Emigdio sought to achieve a peace agreement with the Montian confederates, which eventually was concluded in Agrila in 1474. He wanted to buy back his Termia possessions from Tristán, which the latter refused. Shortly afterwards, de Goito was captured and executed by decapitation in Termia, and the Monts, united with the Termia cities and Emigdio of Castro-Brine in an "anti-Barakaldo league", conquered part of the Barakaldian land when they won the Battle of Alcoy in November 1474. The next year, Agrilan forces conquered and ravaged Vadia, which belonged to the Duchy of Savria, who was allied with Tristán. In 1476 Tristán retaliated and marched to Jumilla, which belonged to Didac of Savria, but which had recently been taken by the Confederates, where he had the garrison hanged or drowned in the lake despite their capitulation. When the Montian confederate forces arrived a few days later, he was defeated in the Battle of Jumilla, and he was forced to flee the battlefield, leaving behind his artillery and many provisions and valuables. Having rallied his army, he was dealt a devastating blow by the confederates in the Battle of Monforte. Tristán raised a new army, but fell in the Battle of Funes in 1477, where the Confederates fought alongside an army of Prince Reginaldo of Baja Litoria.

Great Kingdom of Pelaxia
In 1685, the Union of Termia was signed between Reginaldo Castro-Brine of Alabalitoria and Jerónimo de Garza, the Grand Duke of Agrila, the Head Chancellor of the Montian Confederacy. The act arranged for Reignaldo's daughter Josefina to marry Jerónimo, which established the beginning of the Pelaxian Kingdom. The union strengthened both regions in their shared opposition to the newly formed Kingdom of Savria under King Didac l, self-appointed protector of the south, and the Dominate of Caphiria. The intention of the union was to create a common state under Albalitorian law, with the support of the ruling oligarchy in the Montian Confederacy. Castro-Brine would gain access to the trade passes through the Picos into the Dominate of Caphiria, while the Confederates would gain access to Albalitorian ports and sea routes. Thus, in the Jeronimian period, Pelaxia developed as a feudal state with a predominantly agricultural economy and an increasingly dominant mercantile nobility. The Cortes Regium act adopted by Jerónimo established the Corte General in 1686 and in 1705 transferred most of the legislative power in the state from the monarch to the Corte. This event marked the beginning of the period known as "Golden Liberty", when the state was ruled by the "free and equal" members of the Pelaxian aristocracy and nobility. Between 1686 and 1772, Pelaxia was ruled by a succession of constitutional monarchs of the Jeronimian dynasty. The political influence of the Jeronimian kings gradually diminished during this period, while the landed nobility took over an ever-increasing role in central government and national affairs. The royal dynasty, however, had a stabilizing effect on Pelaxia’s politics. The Jeronimian Era is often regarded as a period of maximum political power, great prosperity, and in its later stage, a Golden Age of Pelaxian culture.

Agriculture-based economic expansion
A large-scale system of agricultural production based on serfdom, was a dominant feature on Pelaxia’'s economic landscape beginning in the late 15th century and for the next 300 years. This dependence on nobility-controlled agriculture in Pelaxia diverged from Levantia, where elements of capitalism and industrialization were developing to a much greater extent, with the attendant growth of a bourgeoisie class and its political influence. The 16th-century agricultural trade boom combined with free or very cheap peasant labor made the folwark economy very profitable. Mining and metallurgy developed further during the 16th century, and technical progress took place in various commercial applications. Great quantities of exported agricultural and forest products floated down the rivers to be transported through ports and land routes. This resulted in a positive trade balance for Pelaxia throughout the 16th century. Imports from the East included industrial products, luxury products and fabrics. Most of the exported grain left Pelaxia through Albalitor, which quickly became the wealthiest, most highly developed, and most autonomous of the Pelaxian cities because of its location at the mouth of the Elodia River and access to the Kindred Sea. It was also by far the largest center for manufacturing. Other towns were negatively affected by Albalitor's near-monopoly in foreign trade, but profitably participated in transit and export activities. The largest of those were Agrila,Montia,Fegona, Fatides, Foronafort, Gouganaca, Huega, Tolefe, Terrafort, Rimiranol, Tarabefort, Santialche.

Savrian Wars(1508–1516)
Carlos II became pope upon the death of Jerónimo l on 18 October 1706. He was extremely concerned about the territorial expansion of the Kingdom of Savria in southern Pelaxia and its control over the Cazuano River which irrigated much of the central agricultural areas. In 1708 the circumstances were set for Charles l to invade Savria. Although the Great Pelaxian Army destroyed much of the Savrian forces at the Battle of Sogas on May 14, 1709, it failed to capture Sarua. Carlos l mounted another in 1710 but was defeated at the Battle of Casadevall on June 6, 1713. The Battle of Casadevall would be the last in which the traditional Pelaxian tactic of charging in three columns would be used. On January 1, 1715 Carlos died and was succeeded to the throne of Pelaxia by his nephew, Francisco I. Francisco I continued Carlos' war against the Savrian’s by leading an army against them at Sarua on September 13–14, 1715. This victory decisively broke the string of victories that the Savrians had enjoyed against the Pelaxians. Following the Battle of Sarua, Savrian crown collapsed. By the treaties of Nollola on August 13, 1716, and Albalitor, the entirety of southern Pelaxia was surrendered to the House of Castro-Brine.

Revolution of 1852: the Republican Wars
The fall of the monarchy and the birth of the republic were due to the unpopularity of King Luciano II of the House of Girojon, from his irresponsible behavior and absolutist tendency during the government of the Liberal Party. The monarch's inoperative attitude towards parliamentary government would seem to go against his constitutional role, by not designating the lords recommended by Prime Minister Botello for his House. Luciano ll would come to name a group of ultra-loyal lords that would form the group known as Casta Luciano.

The king was in open rebellion against the Law of Lords of 1846, sanctioned during the reign of his father, the late Enzo V. The legislation eliminated the hereditary designation of the lords to his camera, being an emblem of republican dye of the prevailing one Liberal Party. The law marked the "official" beginning of the political split between monarchists and republicans, a fracture that would be both social and military. The resistances and inoperacies of Luciano II would provoke such a level of irritation into the military class that a large group of high-ranking, Republican-line officers aligned with the Liberal government would begin to plan his deposition.

Prime Minister Botello would try to reform the Law of Lords, seeking to establish the obligation of the monarch to appoint the lords recommended by head of Government. This proposed amendment was rejected in the House of Lords. Subsequently, Luciano ll would request his resignation to his Chancellor and later the Prime Minister. This action would initiate the military uprising in Agrila in 1852, led by General Solorio Torres. The victory of Solorio Torres, who was beginning to stalk the capital, along with the following uprisings in Monte, Villa Gigonza and Terrero would seal the Republican triumph. Without military or political support, the monarchy had seen its last days. The liberal government eliminated the nobility titles and the House of Lords, and forced Luciano ll into exile. In addition, the administration of Botello would allow the local election of provincial governors through their respective parliaments, from which would benefit the military leaders who participated in the uprising.

Consolidation of Federalism (1876)
Although the deposition of the monarchy in 1852 culminated in the granting of greater provincial autonomy, the House of Lords, although eliminated, was not replaced. Towards the end of 1875, after the military defeat in the Palmo-Cartadania War, the government of the liberal Gamboa Galarza would seek to form a national military force, unlike the different provincial military forces, which at the time made Pelaxian military.

Seven governors of the East openly opposed to the proposition of the Prime Minister and, as exponents of the new federalist movement, demanded the establishment of a second parliamentary chamber representing the provinces whose members were directly elected by each governor. The refusal of Gamboa Galarza would instigate the uprising of three provinces in open secession (Montia, Mirlia and Cafir). Faced with the threat of a general uprising and the suspected support of the likely "Eastern Confederation" by Caphiria, Parliament deposed Prime Minister Gamboa Galarza. His successor, the Democrat Eutimio Vélez, would reach an agreement with the provincial governments, embodied in the constitutional reform of 1876, from which would establish the Senate and the federal character of the republic in legal and tributary terms. In return, the provinces yielded to the elimination of their militas.

Raúl Arsenio Solís Vélez: the modern Pelaxian state (1876 - 1896)
Once the Parliament elected him, in the following months federal courts were organized in all the provinces. It also sanctioned a new commercial code. Solís educational policy was oriented to the extension and unification of secondary education, with the idea of ​​extending liberal ideas among young people who could access it; national schools were founded in 30 provinces. The construction of the Federal Pelaxian Railroad network began in 1880. During his regime it was founded, on November 15, 1887, the Central Railroad. It allowed to connect the provinces of Agrila, and Cafir through Monte.

The 1880 to 1900 period saw the development of Pelaxia's industrial capacity. Rapid urban growth also enlarged Albalitor, which incorporated its industrial suburb Costilla Blanca into the municipality in 1891. Oil emerged as a significant factor in Pelaxia's economy with the foundation of the CoPeN (Corporación Petrolera Nacional, later PetroPel), the Pelaxian Oil Corporation in 1879.

Domestic Affairs
In domestic policy Solís pursued a conservative state-building strategy designed to make ordinary Pelaxians—not just his own elite—more loyal to the Republic, implementing the modern welfare state in Pelaxian in the 1880s.

Solis' efforts also initiated the levelling of the enormous differences between the provinces, which had been independent in their evolution for centuries, especially with legislation. The completely different legal histories and judicial systems posed enormous complications, especially for national trade. In 1871, a common Criminal Code was introduced; in 1877, common court procedures were established in the court system, civil procedures and criminal procedures.

Solia worked closely with large industry and aimed to stimulate Pelaxian economic growth by giving workers greater security. A secondary concern was trumping the Socialists, who had no welfare proposals of their own and opposed Solis'.

Solis' idea was to implement welfare programs that were acceptable to conservatives without any heavy socialistic aspects. He was dubious about laws protecting workers at the workplace, such as safe working conditions, and the regulation of women's and child labor. He believed that such regulation would force workers and employers to reduce work and production and thus harm the economy. Solis opened debate on the subject in November 1881 in the using the term practical Christianity to describe his program. Solis' program centred squarely on insurance programs designed to increase productivity, and focus the political attentions of Pelaxian workers on supporting the Federal government. The program included, limitation of work hours, sickness insurance, accident insurance, disability insurance, and a retirement pension, none of which were then in existence to any great degree.

Pelaxerization
Federal and provincial government bureaucracies attempted to Pelaxize the provincial national minorities situated near the borders: the Cartadanias at the North, the Savrians in the South and Caphirians in the East. As PM, Solís "sorted people into their linguistic and religious 'tribes'"; he pursued a policy of hostility in particular toward the Caphirians. "He never had a Caphirian among his peasants" working the Solisian provinces. It was the educated Caphirian born bourgeoisie and Savrian revolutionaries he denounced from personal experience.

Industry
Industrialisation progressed dynamically in Pelaxia, and Pelaxian manufacturers began to capture domestic markets from Levantine imports. The Pelaxian textile and metal industries had by 1890 superseded Cartadania and Caphirian manufacturers in the domestic market. Technological progress during Pelaxian industrialisation occurred in four waves: the dye wave (1877–1886), the railroad wave (1887–1896), the chemical wave (1897–1902), and the wave of electrical engineering (1903–1918). Since Pelaxia industrialised later than the rest of Western Ixnay, it was able to model its factories after those of Caphiria, thus making more efficient use of its capital and avoiding legacy methods in its leap to the envelope of technology. Pelaxia invested more heavily in research, especially in chemistry, motors and electricity. The Pelaxian cartel system, being significantly concentrated, was able to make more efficient use of capital. Pelaxia was not weighted down with an expensive worldwide empire that needed defense.

Geography and Climate
Pelaxia is located in Western Sarpedon It shares its northern borders with Cartadania, borders Caphiria at the East and shares its southern border with Klyganoragh. Its coast rests on the Kindred Sea. It extends around 1,614,728 square kilometers.

Pelaxia is mostrly located in the tropics below the Equator. Its climate varies from humid low-elevation plains, where average annual temperatures range as high as 35 °C (95.0 °F), and highlands with an average yearly temperature of 8 °C (46.4 °F). Annual rainfall varies from 430 mm (16.9 in) in the semiarid portions of the center to over 1,000 mm (39.4 in) in the Cazuello Delta of the far west and the Pelaxian Jungle in the northwest. The precipitation level is lower in the period from August through April. These periods are referred to as hot-humid and cold-dry seasons.

The country falls into four horizontal temperature zones based primarily on elevation, having tropical, dry, temperate with dry winters, and polar (alpine tundra) climates, amongst others. In the tropical zone—below 800 m (2,625 ft)—temperatures are hot, with yearly averages ranging between 26 and 28 °C (78.8 and 82.4 °F). The temperate zone ranges between 800 and 2,000 m (2,625 and 6,562 ft) with averages from 12 to 25 °C (53.6 to 77.0 °F); many of Pelaxia's cities. Colder conditions with temperatures from 9 to 11 °C (48.2 to 51.8 °F) are found in the cool zone between 2,000 and 3,000 m (6,562 and 9,843 ft), especially in the Pelaxian Picos, where pastureland and permanent snowfield with yearly averages below 8 °C (46 °F) cover land above 3,000 meters (9,843 ft) in the land.

The highest temperature recorded was 42 °C (108 °F) in Albalitor, and the lowest temperature recorded was −11 °C (12 °F), it has been reported from an uninhabited high altitude at Pico de Piedras Negras.

The regions around the Pelaxian Picos has exposed an enormous amount of mineral wealth, making it accessible to mining. Cobalt, copper, cadmium, industrial and gem-quality diamonds, gold, silver, zinc, manganese, tin, germanium, uranium, radium, bauxite, iron ore, and coal are all found in plentiful supply.

Provinces
Pelaxia is divided in 29 provinces and 1 city/state each with specific self-governing capabilities:
 * Viridia


 * Montia


 * Pratumia


 * Harenaes


 * Savria


 * Aurantiaco


 * Río Cazuelo


 * Higuera


 * Albalitor


 * Sacharo


 * Zaralava


 * Gogosari


 * Pardisterra


 * Caramuja


 * Giberia


 * Tequendama


 * Serpina


 * Lujué


 * Gramenia


 * Oranto


 * Guaca


 * Aneania


 * Mascarena


 * Río Verde


 * Chiltepín


 * Quique


 * Vereflores


 * Las Loriquetas


 * Covarrubias


 * Aristerra

Government
By its National Constitution, The Federal Republic of Pelaxia adopts for its government the structure of federal, parliamentary republic. Every province shall disctate its own Constitución with a parliamentary system in accordance with the principles, declarations and guarantees of the National Constitution.
 * Legislative: The federal legislative power institutionalized in the Federal Parliament is composed of two chambers. One chamber of deputies that represents the whole people and one chambers of senators that represents the provinces. Deputies serve for a period of 5 years while senators serve for a period of 6 years. Members of the Federal Parliament (both deputies and senators) are elected in general, direct, free, equal and secret elections. They shall be representatives of the whole people, not bound by orders or instructions, and responsible only to their conscience. The Federal Parliament shall pass legislation in accordance to the National Constitution.


 * Executive: The federal executive power is Federal Chancellor, who appoints the Prime Minister elected by Parliament. The Prime Minister is elected by the Federal Parliament until he loses the support of solely the Chamber of Deputies.The person who receives the votes of a majority of the Members of the Chamber of Deputies shall be elected and appointed. The Federal President shall appoint his/her members of the cabinet. The Federal Chancellor is elected by direct popular vote every 6 years.


 * Judicial: The judicial power is vested in the judges; it is exercised by the Federal Supreme Court of Justice, by the federal courts provided for in the National Constitution, by provincial courts and by municipal tribunals.

Political Parties
The pelaxian political system is by mandate of the National Constitution a multipartidist one.

Major political parties:
 * Movimiento Social-Obrero - MSO ("Social-Labourist Movement")
 * Patrido Democrático - PD ("Democratic Party")
 * Partido Socialista - PS ("Socialist Party")
 * Acción Republicana Independiente - ARI (" Independent Republican Action")
 * Juntos Por Pelaxia - JXP ("Together For Pelaxia")
 * Partido Social-demócrata - PSD ("Social-Democratic Party")
 * ¡AHORA! ("NOW!")
 * Libertad y Progreso - LYP ("Liberty and Progress")
 * Coherencia Civica - CC ("Civic Coherence")
 * Liga de Defensa Nacional - LDN ("National Defense League")

Minor political parties with a provincial presence:
 * Partido de los Trabajadores Socialistas - PTS
 * Unión Católica - UC
 * Partido Independiente de Savria - PIS
 * Estrella de David - ED
 * Igualdad Socialista - ISOC
 * Tercera Vía - 3V
 * Partido Humanista de Pelaxia - PHP
 * Partido Pelaxia de la Información - PPI

Law Enforcement
Due to its federalist constitution, law enforcement in Pelaxia is vested mostly with the provinces, which is one of the main features of the pelaxian political system. Therefore, every provincial government administrates its local police force through their own ministry of security. Since the capital (Albalitor) has federal status, it also administrates its local police force.

Pelaxian Federal Police
The role of the PFP is to enforce the Federal Republic criminal law and to protect Federal and national interests from crime in Pelaxia and overseas. The PFP is Pelaxia's international law enforcement and policing representative, and the Government's chief source of advice on policing issues. The PFP exists within the portfolio of the Ministry of Security and Boundries, and the key priorities of the force are set by the Minister.

The PFP enforces Federal law and protects Federal and national interests from crime in Pelaxia and overseas. The PFP provides community policing more actively to the ACT, the Vilamarín City, Albalitor City, and around the anarcho-communist territories. The PFP provides protective security for (and on behalf of) the Pelaxian Government.

The PFP is Pelaxia's international law enforcement and policing representative, and is the chief advisor on policing issues to the Pelaxian Government. The PFP maintains an extensive international liaison network, officers are posted to 11 international posts. The PFP works closely and collaboratively with all Pelaxian police forces and criminal investigative agencies and Crime Commissions.

The PFP consists of a workforce of over 600,000. The Pelaxian Federal Police Act 1880 is the legislative base for the employment of all PFP staff. Each employee is described in the legislation as an PFP Employee, who are then declared as either a Federal agent or Police Officer(Uniform Protection Officer/Protective Service Division/Customs Service Division)

Current areas of focus for the PFP:
 * Illicit drug trafficking
 * Organised people smuggling
 * Human Trafficking, including sexual servitude and human explotation
 * Serious major fraud against the Government
 * High Tech Crime involving information technology and communications
 * Tax evasion
 * Customs and ports of entry control
 * Airport security
 * Preventing, countering and investigating terrorism
 * Transnational and multi-jurisdictional crime
 * Money laundering
 * Organised crime

Federal Military Guard
The Pelaxian Federal Military Guard is the paramilitary corps of border guards of The Federal Republic of Pelaxia.

The Federal Guard has a strength of 350,000.The Federal Guard is primarily a frontier guard support force but also fulfils other important roles.

Non-commissioned personnel of the Guard are all volunteers and receive their training in the force's own comprehensive system of training institutions. Officers graduate after a four-year course at the National Federal Military Guard Academy. Both officers and non-commissioned personnel have access to the specialist training establishments of the Army.

The Guard was created in 1938 by the National Congress, and replaced the regiments of the Army which previously fulfilled the Guard's missions. The Federal Guard was particularly tasked with providing security in isolated and sparsely populated frontier regions which had only been settled relatively recently and still do in the East Pelaxia territories. In many senses the Guard may still be considered an adjunct of the Pelaxian Army.

The Guard's mission and functions are concerned with both domestic security and national defense.

According to the Pelaxian Constitution, the armed forces cannot intervene in internal civil conflicts, so the Federal Guard is subordinate to the Ministry of Security. It is defined as a civilian "security force of a military nature". It maintains a functional relationship with the Ministry of Defense, as part of both the National Defense System and the Interior Security System. It therefore maintains capabilities arising from the demands required by joint military planning with the armed forces.

The Federal Guard's main missions are: The FMG is also used for other security missions, which include:
 * Assisting provincial and federal police services in maintaining public security.
 * Providing security for Pelaxia's borders in cooperation with the Pelaxian Federal Police.
 * Providing security for places of national strategic importance.
 * Law enforcement in all Pelaxian territory, excluding cities above 20,000 inhabitants.
 * Highway patrol.
 * Military police as part of military deployments overseas.
 * Counter drugs operations.
 * Anti-smuggling operations.
 * Coast Guard
 * Intelligence, counterterrorism and counter-intelligence gathering

Guard Special Operations Group "Pantera" is a regiment of military police/anti-terrorism unit. The usual roles are:
 * Military, common with all other airborne/special operation forces troops;
 * Law-enforcement, supporting the Federal law-enforcement units in dangerous areas (homeland security e.g. mafia investigations, violent riots) and VIP escort and security service.

Military
The Federal Chancellor of the Republic is the Commander in Chief of the Pelaxian Armed Forces (PAF). Military service in the armed forces is voluntary for every person between 18 and 45 years old. As of 2018 the military spending is around $NSD128 billion, representing 3% of the total government budget and 1.65% of the GDP.

Economy
See also:Economy of Pelaxia

Pelaxia is mostly a socialist market economy that incentives social ownership and democratic control of means of production effectively and constantly in various forms such as public, cooperative, collective ownership with the possibility of combining the three. In this sense it discourages the existence of private ownership of means of production (private property), but completely upholds and defends the right to personal property. Pelaxia mostly utilizes the market mechanism for the allocation of capital goods and the means of production although there is an edge for central or local intervention/planning.

Public Ownership: refers to property interests that are vested in the state or a public body representing a community as opposed to an individual or private party. State ownership may refer to ownership and control of any asset, industry, or enterprise at any level (national, regional, local or municipal); or to non-governmental public ownership. The Pelaxian Federal government may own partially in this sense the Banking System and several means of transportation (trains, highways) among other, while municipal and provincial jurisdictions may own and distribute lands articulately, although anarcho-communism may exist in some rural municipalities.

Cooperative: autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically controlled business. Worker cooperatives are owned and self-managed by its workers. A cooperative enterprise may mean a firm where every worker-owner participates in decision-making in a democratic fashion, or it may refer to one in which management is elected by every worker-owner, and it can refer to a situation in which managers are considered, and treated as, workers of the firm. There are many variations of self-management. In some variants, all the worker-members manage the enterprise directly through assemblies; in other forms, workers exercise management functions indirectly through the election of specialist managers. Self-management may include worker supervision and oversight of an organization by elected bodies, the election of specialized managers, or self-directed management without any specialized managers as such. The goals of self-management are to improve performance by granting workers greater autonomy in their day-to-day operations, boosting morale, reducing alienation, and when paired with employee ownership, eliminating exploitation.

Collective Ownership: ownership of industrial assets or land by all members of a group for the benefit of all its members. It is distinguished from common ownership, which implies open-access, the holding of assets in common, and the negation of ownership.

As it was said, the state has large ownership positions in key industrial sectors, such as the strategic petroleum sector (PETROPEL), hydroelectric energy production (Pelcur), wind energy production(Ventura), aluminium production, and telecommunications provider (TraBel).

Pelaxia has a 18 million deadweight tonnage merchant fleet with a total of 681 vessels of different types (bulk carrier 105, cargo 42, carrier 1, chemical tanker 164, container 21, liquefied gas 28, passenger 25, passenger/cargo 154, petroleum tanker 59, refrigerated cargo 4, roll on/roll off 39, specialized tanker 9, vehicle carrier 30)

Fondo de Soberanía Nacional
The FOSNA was set up in 2022 to underpin long-term considerations when phasing petroleum revenues into the Pelaxian economy

FOSNA manages the fund on behalf of the Ministry of Economy and Finance, which owns the fund on behalf of the Pelaxian people. The ministry determines the fund’s investment strategy, following advice from among others investment funds and discussions in Parliament. The management mandate defines the investment universe and the fund's strategic reference index. The ministry regularly transfers petroleum revenue to the fund. The capital is invested abroad, to avoid overheating the Pelaxian economy and to shield it from the effects of oil price fluctuations. The fund invests in international equity and fixed-income markets and real estate. The aim is to have a diversified investment mix that will give the highest possible risk-adjusted return within the guidelines set by the ministry.

The fund was set up to give the government room for manoeuvring in fiscal policy should oil prices drop or the mainland economy contract. It also served as a tool to manage the financial challenges of an ageing population and an expected drop in petroleum revenue. The fund was designed to be invested for the long term, but in a way that made it possible to draw on when required.

The fund is an integrated part of the government’s annual budget. Its capital inflow consists of all government petroleum revenue, net financial transactions related to petroleum activities, net of what is spent to balance the state’s non-oil budget deficit. This means the fund is fully integrated with the state budget and that net allocations to the fund reflect the total budget surplus, including petroleum revenue. Fiscal policy is based on the guideline that over time the structural, non-oil budget deficit shall correspond to the real return on the fund, estimated at 30 percent. The so-called spending rule, stating that no more than 30 percent of the fund over time should be spent on the annual national budget, was first established in 2015.

The FOSNA aims to make the most of its two distinguishing characteristics, its long-term approach and its considerable size, to generate strong returns and safeguard wealth for future generations. It aims to invest in a wide range of countries, companies and assets to obtain the highest possible return with moderate risk as laid down by the Ministry of Economy and Finance. The fund cannot be invested in Pelaxia. The Federal Public Income Agency (AFIP) oversees deeply the functioning and capital movement from the organization to the Pelaxian Government, separately.

Demographics
With a population of around 200 million, Pelaxia shows a medium to big-sized population by Global standards. Pelaxia depicts an anual population growth rate of 1.4%. Ethnically, the residents of Pelaxia are predominantly ethnic Pelaxian who are of Latin descent.

Immigrants constituted 8% of the population by 2027. Of these 16 million immigrants:
 * 40% were Sarpedonian
 * 32% were Takattan
 * 15% were Punthi
 * 5% were Audonian
 * 5% were Cronan
 * 3% were Levantine

Religion
Pelaxia is one of the least religious countries in Ixnay, with only 15% of the population declaring religion an important part of their daily life. Among the religious population there are followers of 90 affiliations, Roman Catholics are the most prevalent.

Early Pelaxians, like Cognatis, were adherents of Cognati paganism. Later the region was gradually Christianized.

In modern times, Pelaxia has seen a great decline in religiosity, at least among non-immigrant Pelaxians and most palmerians are irreligious: atheism and agnosticism are the most common metaphysical views.

In the last 2025 Poll:
 * 47% of Pelaxian citizens responded that "they believe there is a God".
 * 26% answered that "they do not believe there is any sort of spirit, God, or life force".
 * 25% answered that "they believe there is some sort of spirit or life force".
 * 2% answered that they "do not know".

Cinema
The Pelaxian film industry was born between 1903 and 1908 with three companies: the Sociedad Cinematográfic de Pelaxia, the Amberes Film and the Nueva Luz Film. Other companies soon followed in Montia and in Agrila. In a short time these first companies reached a fair producing quality, and films were soon sold outside Pelaxia.The Macadamia Film Festival is celebrated since 2004 in the city of Macadamia and is one of the most prestigious film festivals in Sarpedon.

Sports
The most popular sport in Pelaxia is, by far, football. The Liga Suprema is integrated by 16 teams. Other popular team sports in Pelaxia include volleyball, basketball and rugby.

Pelaxia also hosts the Pelaxian Open is a tennis tournament held annually over the last fortnight of January in Albalitor, Pelaxia. The tournament is the first Grand Slam tennis events held each year. It features men's and women's singles; men's, women's, and mixed doubles; junior's championships; and wheelchair, legends, and exhibition events. Prior to 1988 it was played on grass courts, but since then three types of hardcourt surfaces have been used at Villa Tenistica de Albalitor – green coloured Rebound Ace up to 2007, blue Plexicushion from 2008 to 2019, and blue GreenSet since 2037.

The Pelaxian Grand Prix (Pelaxian: Gran Premio de Pelaxia) is hosted annually at the Circuit de Jojoba. The race runs 307.23 km over 66 laps in a relatively arid location. The consistent climate and well-rounded circuit has led to the Circuit de Jojoba hosting pre-season testing since shortly after the track was opened in the 1991. The circuit is well balanced with a long straightaway through the start/finish line with even and predictable turns which allow drivers to extract peak performance from their vehicles. Many of the corners on the track are well-suited for overtaking which leads to highly dynamic races.