Second Caroline War

The Second Caroline War was a conflict between Urcea and the principalities of the Kingdom of Dericania over the issue of House de Weluta's domination over the Holy Levantine Empire. Beginning as a relatively small revolt in the Kingdom of Dericania in 1796, the war continued to escalate until Emperor Louis X's death in 1798, when the rebelling princes convened the Collegial Electorate for the first time since the 1740s and elected a rival Emperor, Mauricio, the Duke of Martilles. Urcean advances early in the war stalled as Emperor Louis X was ejected from Dericania in 1797. The war was fought mostly to a draw in the Grand Duchy of Carolina until 1802, when Mauricio ejected the Royal Army from Carolina. In 1803, the Imperial Army decisively defeated the Royal Army in the Battle of the Northgate, but were unable to advance on Urceopolis due to a prolonged guerrilla effort of Ionian Highlanders lead by Crown Prince Niall. In 1805, the Imperial Army was ejected from the Urcean heartlands, bringing negotiators to Venceia where peace was reached. Among other terms, the Grand Duchy of Carolina was separated from Urcea.

The war ended nearly more than a century of House de Weluta control over the Imperial Throne and ended a lengthy period of Urcean domination of the Holy Levantine Empire that began after the Great Confessional War. The war began a lengthy period of antagonism between Urcea and the Empire called the Recess of the Julii that would endure, according to some historians, until the immediate run-up to the Great War. The conflict also inaugurated a lengthy period of reform, liberalization, and modernization in Urcea, the efforts of which culminated in Urcea's victory in the Third Caroline War, which permanently attached Carolina to Urcea. The conflict also began a period of Derian nationalist awakening, a process that would largely be complete after the Third Caroline War and subsequent Fraternal Wars.