View source for Glossary of Coscivian Terms

==Æ==
*'''æglasta -''' ''n.'' Church, from Gaelic ''eaglais''.
*'''ælum -''' ''n.'' Water
==A==
*'''abgôn -''' ''n.'' Violent conflict, understood to encompass the range of magnitude larger than a one-on-one fight but arbitrarily smaller than a full-scale {{wp|war}} (''dyra'').
*'''amderen -''' ''n.'' A {{wp|deliverable}} submitted for authoritative review; a brief or proposal. In [[Higher education in Kiravia]], an ''amderen'' is a paper or project for which an academic degree is awarded - it is the more common form of ''[[Higher_education_in_Kiravia#Monstrations|trua]]'' ('monstration'), the other being the ''ōrstava''.
*'''amtra -''' ''n.'' [[Countyship]].
*'''ar -''' ''v.'' To speak. The corresponding {{wp|verbal noun}} is ''arda'' ('speech', 'talk', 'discussion').
*'''askola -''' ''n.'' Society, ''{{wp|Gesellschaft}}''.
*'''axerka -''' ''n.'' Colony. From High Coscivian, originally used to designate settlements placed by the First Coscivian Empire in their conquered provinces.
*'''Avrenn -''' ''n.'' The Catholic {{wp|Mass (liturgy)|Mass}}; from Gaelic ''Aifreann'', itself from Latin ''offerendum''.
*'''axira -''' ''n.'' {{wp|History}}.
*'''álda -''' ''n.'' Law
*'''áldalak -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Police}}; literally 'arm of the law', from ''álda'' ('law') + ''lak'' ('arm').
*'''ákisdurisēn -''' ''n.'' Political-economic system in which the state takes a leading, directive role in the economy, encompassing a range of systems from Gallic ''{{wp|dirigisme}}'' to various forms of {{wp|command economies}}. Derived from ''Ákidur'', a title given to officials of the First Coscivian Empire who oversaw the construction and maintenance of roads and irrigation works, the term was coined during the Kilikas Enlightenment by the [[Ilánova|Ilánovan]] philosopher and economist Cain Pālin as an antonym for the early market-driven capitalist  mode of production that was developing around the Kilikas Sea during that period. Other Kiravian Enlightenment thinkers, such as Ixion Asterôn and Lasarénus Sarkévir, embraced the term in their own works on political economy, whereïn they argued that an ''ákisdurisēx'' system of material relations was incompatible with ''kéarita'' (see below), and that a market economy was an essential component of a just republic, laying the foundations of the Kiravian branch of {{wp|conservative liberalism|conservative-liberal}} thought.

==B==
*'''bithnix -''' ''adj.'' Deep, both in the familiar spatial sense and in regard to {{wp|time depth}}, as Kiravic represents time as a {{wp|water column}}.
*'''brùdispan -''' ''n.'' Literally {{wp|incomplete defecation}}; more often used figuratively to denote a product or result that falls short of its intended goals due to lack of effort and/or failure to successfully balance competing {{wp|engineering design process|design aims}} and priorities, yielding a result that is {{wp|Risk matrix#Problems|worse than useless}} and usually actively detrimental to its original purpose. Frequently rendered into Ænglish as "half-assed", but this loses something in translation.
*'''burgundirisēn -''' ''n.'' A {{wp|liberal conservatism|liberal conservative}} political outlook associated with the metropolitan upper-middle classes. The term is common in political commentary and in the names of state-level political parties. Derived from the name of ''[[Burgundie]]'', in reference to the mercantile classes of [[Valēka]], [[Bérasar]], and [[Cities of Kiravia#Kérvoak|Kérvoak]], who adopted such an outlook during the [[Kilikas Enlightenment]], partially influenced by political thought in Burgundie, with which they conducted a great deal of business.

==C==
''Though nonstandard nowadays, some older transcription schemes for Kiravic Coscivian use the letter 'C' to represent the /ks/ sound; it is also sometimes seen in placenames and a few Celtic and Latinate loans.''

==D==
*'''danrin -''' Family. Usually refers to a {{wp|nuclear family}}, but can be used to denote an extended family sharing a single household. Found in scientific terms such as ''[[Glossary of Coscivian Terms#R|ronadanrin]]'' ("language family"), and as the translation for the Western taxonomic term ''{{wp|genus}}''.
*'''darin -''' Lake. Common in placenames, e.g. ''[[Cities of Kiravia#Xistódarin|Xistódarin]]'' ("Icelake"), ''[[Cities of Kiravia#Iber_Darisk|Iber Darisk]]'' ("Lake Forest"), and ''[[Darin Kétersk]]'' ("Lake of the Woods").
*'''dasa -''' ''n.'' Village, carrying the slightly negative denotation of a backward, undifferentiated peasant settlement. Contrast ''kōsuv''.
*'''dának -''' ''n.'' Secretary (in the sense of a public office, e.g. ''[[Secretary-General of the Executive College|Ēvsidának]]'' or committee position rather than an {{wp|administrative assistant}}), {{wp|clerk}}, diplomatic {{wp|chargé d'affaires}}. From Gaelic ''{{wt|déanacht}}'' and/or ''{{wt|deagánach}}'', themselves from Latin ''{{wt|decanus}}''.
*'''devahoma -''' Continent. From Iathei Coscivian ''deva(s)'' ("main", borrowed into High Coscivian where it took on a meaning similar to the English ''cardinal'') + ''homa'' ("landmass").
*'''dirdhuv -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Gun (video game)|Gun}}.
*'''dóntra -''' An extended family, usually comprising three or four generations descended from a single grandfather or great-grandfather. Found in scientific terms such as ''[[Glossary of Coscivian Terms#R|ronadóntra]]'', and as the equivalent of the English taxonomic term ''{{wp|Family (biology)|family}}''.
*'''dralm -''' ''n.'' Rye, including both true rye (''{{wp|Secale cereale}}'') and 'wildrye' (various cereal grasses in the genus ''{{wp|Elymus}}'' widely [[Agriculture in Great Kirav#Cereals|cultivated in Great Kirav]]).
*'''dyra -''' ''n.'' {{wp|War}}.

==Dh==
*'''dhansten -''' Newspaper
*'''dhianbrikorisēn -''' ''n.'' The idea that the various ethnosocial communities to which Coscivian-Kiravians belong should not be recognised by the state or have any legal significance.

==E==
*'''eruvix -''' ''adj.'' Grey-green. Nominal form: ''eruvir''.
*'''ektar -''' ''n.'' Structure.
*'''ektarrisēn''' ''n.'' {{wp|Structuralism (architecture)|Structuralism}} in architecture; common under the [[Kiravian Union]].
*'''elurix -''' ''adj.'' Special, extraördinary.
*'''ēln -''' ''n.'' The most general term for ''{{wp|potato}}''.

==F==
*'''fara -''' ''n.'' Sea, in the sense of a subdivision of a larger ocean, such as the [[Kilikas Sea]] (''Fara Kilikas'') or the [[Sea of Odoneru]] (''Deśkafara'', literally "Southern Sea").
*'''faravōlōn -''' ''n.'' Generic term for a {{wp|marine corps}}, literally "sea troops". Kiravian marines are called ''[[Kiravian_Armed_Forces#Marine_Corps|kurraxinya]]'' specifically.
*'''fardix -''' ''adj.'' Brown
*'''fèlen -''' ''n.'' Market, in either the concrete sense of a physical {{wt|marketplace}} or the abstract sense (i.e. ''helvifèlen'', 'free market').

==G==
*'''Génuv -''' ''n.'' the {{wp|Sun}}.
*'''gisva -''' ''n.'' Seal, approval, authority.

==Ğ==
*'''ğámpraxuruv -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Nebula}}. From ''ğámpra'' ("womb") + ''xuruv'' ("cloud").
*'''ğison -''' ''n.'' Chemical, pure substance. In botany and agriculture, an extract or essence.
*'''ğudra -''' ''n.'' Nation, Nationality

==H==
*'''handum -''' ''n.'' Meat.
*'''hankaritax -''' ''adj.'' Humane, humanitarian.
*'''[[Harsitem]] -''' ''n.'' Historically disadvantaged social group(s) descended from the untouchable {{wp|outcaste}} communities of mediæval and early modern Kirav. 
*'''hasa -''' ''n.'' Ship.
*'''Hekuv -''' ''n.'' [[Caphiria]].
*'''[[Hekuvihírsa]] -''' ''n.'' Genre of Kiravian popular fiction stories set in Caphiria and sharing certain themes drawn from Kiravians' outsider impressions of [[Culture of Caphiria|Caphiric culture]].
*'''Héluv -''' ''n.'' Goth, a [[Gothic people|Gothic person]]; from ''[[Welutes|Welute]]''.
*'''hérsan -''' ''n.'' Army, either specifically a ground force or an armed force generally (e.g. ''Asûrhérsan'', 'air force').
*'''hūrix -''' ''adj.'' Red.

==I==
*'''iber -''' ''n.'' Coniferous forest, e.g. ''[[Goidelic Forest|Gûdelix Iber]]''.
*'''iglórix -''' ''n.'' Global, planetary; from ''iglórin'' ('heavenly orb').
*'''ilovárum -''' ''n.'' University or college.
*'''inkuv -''' ''n.'' A type of {{wp|way station}} along roadways dating from ancient times. Today, a {{wp|rest stop|highway rest stop}} or {{wp|travel plaza}}.
*'''ion -''' ''n.'' Island
*'''ioskova -''' ''n.'' Ocean. Compare ''páska''.
*'''Istavem -''' ''n.'' Élite stratum of endogamous social groups (''[[tuva]]'') traditionally associated with sacerdotal, scholarly/literary, and pædagogical professions.
*'''iskorvin -''' ''n.'' Organisation.
*'''iskorvibalv -''' ''n.'' [[Organised crime in Kiravia|Organised crime]].
*'''iśkevatha''', '''iśkev -''' ''n.'' [[Whiskey in Kiravia|Whiskey]].
*'''ixtix -''' ''adj.'' High. Antonymous to ''yanx'' ('low').
*'''îtexon -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Electricity}}. From Classical Eskean ''aıtexoɰ'' ({{wp|Electric ray|ray, skate}}) via High Coscivian.

==K==
*'''kalir -''' ''n.'' A mildly psychotropic herb, both smoked and used as a food seasoning. First cultivated by the Soran Coscivian people, possibly of Allyrian derivation.
*'''kerex -''' ''adj.'' The most general of the many Kiravic words for ''green''.
*'''kéarita -''' ''n.'' Translated as "republic", "commonwealth", or "public state", ... Unlike ''republic'', ''kéarita'' connotes neither democracy nor sovereignty. For millennia, it was used exclusively in reference to localised communities, whether city-states or villages, and is used as the official pretitle of many Kiravian states (e.g. [[Kaviska|Kéarita Kaviska]]). Kirosocialist theorists claimed that a single-party state was the ultimate manifestation of a ''kéarita''. Also unlike ''republic'', ''kéarita'' is not an antonym of monarchy (''prostakuv''), with many Coscivian monarchies during the Inter-Imperial and Post-Imperial periods styling themselves as ''kéaritæ''
*'''kēlen -''' ''n.'' Company
*'''[[kētka]] -''' ''n.'' A common cultural norm relating to {{wp|work ethic}}, most often translated as 'slack'.
*'''kirstuv -''' ''n.'' Decision-making body, usually translated as "committee" or "commission", but also "council". Traditionally (as far back as the First Inter-Imperial Period), a ''kirstuv'' was a council of elders governing a Coscivian village or tribe. Later, it came to mean a council that held authority over members of a particular ethnosocial ''tathra'' in a particular area, as well as the governing council of a multiethnic town or village that included representatives of the towns main ''tathræ'' and was responsible for resolving disputes among them. In modern Kiravia, it is the typical name for the legislature of a municipality or countyship, e.g. ''Sarkirstuv Pontevedrá'' ("The [[Pontevedra]] City Commission"). Both traditional and modern ''kirstuvya'' have an odd number of members - usually five, seven, nine, or eleven - to limit the frequency of ties.
*'''[[Kolakoskem]]''', '''Kotakoskem -''' ''n.'' People of mixed indigenous Cronite and Coscivian settler ancestry, as well as culturally Coscivised people of full indigenous ancestry. Used mainly in [[South Crona]].
*'''kōsuv -''' ''n.'' Village, carrying the positive denotation of a small, close-knit settlement. Contrast ''dasa''.
*'''krāstagisva''' - ''n.'' {{wp|Trademark}} (literally "craftseal").
*'''Kūla -''' ''n.'' The Earth. Alternatively spelled ''Kyla''.
*'''Kūlatæn -''' ''n.'' The second day of the traditional 8-day Coscivian week, also used as the translation for ''Tuesday''. Literally "Earth day".

==L==
*'''lentun -''' ''n.'' System.
*'''léréstor -''' ''n.'' Development.
*'''lorya -''' ''n.'' Religion.
*'''loryavôntix -''' ''adj.'' Religiously-neutral, not endorsing a particular religion or favouring one religion over another. Most notably used in Article Ź of the [[Fundamental Statute of the Kiravian Federacy]], which states: ''ārka é loryavôntix us helvikor patrá vús ávexix'' ("the state is religiously-neutral and liberty of worship shall be upheld by it"). Generally held to mean a condition of sectarian equality that allows for that does not preclude state support for religion in general. Distinguished from ''lāsgix'' ("secular"), ''dhiloryax'' ("non-religious") and ''gliloryax'' ("irreligious").
*'''lôstum -''' ''n.'' Broth.
*'''lōr -''' ''n.'' Beer.
*'''luer -''' ''n.'' Cattle.

==M==
*'''marka -''' Legislative act, e.g. the Submerged Lands Act (''Marka Būfarahomá''). Originally a Stairovix Coscivian word for ''oath'' or ''pledge'', it was assigned the meaning of {{wp|speech act}} in the High Coscivian writings of the philosopher [[Shaftonism|Shafto]] and was later adopted into the titles of laws passed by the Imperial Stanora. Other legislatures in the Coscivian world emulated this practice, including the contemporary [[Federal Stanora]] and Kiravian state legislatures. 
*'''marr -''' Unit of time defined as 1/20th of a day, about 72 [[SI|standard minutes]]. Subdivided into 20 ''þórr'', 400 ''uktuya'', or 4,000 ''haka''.
*'''mestiśuv -''' Person of mixed Kiravian and colonial native (e.g. Punthite) descent. From the {{wp|Portuguese language|Tryhstian}} ''mestiço''.
*'''mulotra -''' Cremation
*'''mùgorix -''' ''adj.'' Dwarf, pygmy; whence ''mùgorikuv'' and ''mùgorihan'', standard modern terms for the [[Dwarfism in Kiravia|midget]].

==N==
*'''nár -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Mountain}}
*'''nāstrin -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Quotient}}, {{wp|proportion}}, share (i.e. of company stock), or {{wp|serial number}}.
*'''norôn -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Sleep}}

==O==
*'''Osidek-''' ''n.'' A [[Yonderian]] person; literally 'boner', in reference to [[Paleontology in Yonderre|Yonderian paleontologists]] who were [[Mesozoic Era of Great Kiravia#Paleontology|highly active in Kiravia]] during the latter half of the nineteenth century.
*'''ostra -''' ''n.'' Politics
*'''okruv -''' ''n.'' 
*'''ōrstava -''' ''n.''  In [[Higher education in Kiravia|academia]], an {{wp|oral examination}} by a panel of ranking faculty for which an academic degree is awarded - it is the less common form of ''[[Higher_education_in_Kiravia#Monstrations|trua]]'' ('monstration'), the other being the ''amderen''. In [[World Scouting Movement|Scouting]], a {{wp|Ranks_in_the_Boy_Scouts_of_America#Board_of_review|board of review}} for rank advancement.

==P==
*'''páska -''' ''n.'' Ocean. Compare ''ioskova''.
*'''pelan -''' ''n.'' An area of farmland surrounding the built-up centre of a town or city and enclosed by its walls, or a town containing such an area. Commonly found in placenames, e.g. ''[[Cities of Kiravia#Férapelan|Férapelan]]''.
*'''plátum''' ''n.'' Capital (economic)
*'''pláturisēn''' ''n.'' Capitalism
*'''Pávlopláturisēn''' ''n.'' Laissez-faire economics, from ''Pávlodarstra'' ([[Paulastra]]) + ''pláturisēn''.
*'''portán -''' ''n.'' Crab, from Gaelic ''portán''.
*'''práta -''' ''n.'' Potato, from Gaelic ''práta''. Replaces ''ēln'' in many dialects.

==R==
*'''ralfruv -''' ''n.'' [[Drabbage]]; peculiar to the Southwestern Kiravic dialects.
*'''ram -''' ''n.'' 
**Brick (the construction unit or a similar dense rectangular object by analogy, i.e. of {{wp|brick tea|tea}}).
**Block - any rectangular solid (''pastaram'' - a dried {{wp|instant noodle}} block), a {{wp|city block}}, a {{wp|spatial planning}} unit (e.g. ''ōrtrebiktorram'' resettlement blocks and ''lékrastaram'' development blocks in [[Mid-Atrassic Crona]], ''ramtakta'' {{wp|block settlement}}s in [[Æonara]] and [[Atrassica]]), an urban housing tract, a high-density residential building ({{wp|tower block}}) especially if {{wp|public housing}}.
**Bar, i.e. of [[Krasoa Islands#Economy|Krasoa jade soap]], {{wp|ingot|precious metal}}, {{wp|Chocolate bar|chocolate}}.<br>
Etymologically related to ''gram''.
*'''[[ramśek]] -''' ''n.'' Neighbourhood guy; from ''ram'' ('city block', 'housing tract') + ''-śek'' ('-ite', '-nik').
*'''raśga -''' ''n.'' Gender
*'''rona -''' ''n.'' Language
*'''ronadanrin -''' A group of closely related languages. Although it translates literally to "language family", its meaning differs from that of the English term ''language family'': Whereas the English term is now most often applied to {{wp|primary language family|primary language families}} such as Indo-European or Cosco-Adratic, ''ronadarin'' refers to smaller clades, for example the {{wp|Romance languages}} or {{wp|Bantoid languages}}. Primary families are instead termed ''ronadóntra'' (see below).
*'''ronadóntra -''' {{wp|Primary language family}}
*'''[[ruxbur]] -''' An eating utensil fashioned from or modelled after a {{wp|sea urchin}}.
*'''rukuv -''' Bucket.

==S==
*'''[[sampakuv]] -''' ''n.'' Essentially {{wp|kayak}} {{wp|polo}}.
*'''sar -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Town}} or {{wp|city}}.
*'''Saron -''' ''n.'' The Moon. Natural sattelites of other planets are referred to as ''vrisdon''.
*'''[[sporvulnar]] -''' ''n.'' Ceremonial rite where you go to your grandma's grave, light a shot of grain alcohol on fire, and then drink it while it's still lit.
*'''suluámakēlen -''' ''n.'' Incorporated business, literally "autonymous company". Common in corporate names, usually abbreviated to ''SAK''.
*'''suarux''' - ''adj.'' Very few; specifically in a quantity less than or equal to three.

==Ś==
*'''śank -''' ''n. / int.'' Expletive similar to the English ''shit'', though it has lost any semantic connexion to actual fæces and is used to derisively refer to any material, behaviour, or state of affairs.
*'''śetantra -''' ''n.'' Sport
*'''śmex -''' ''adj. / int.'' Used to express {{wp|sarcasm|sarcastic}} interest or attraction towards something the speaker finds unappealing. ''Śmex'' is of interest to lexicographers for its obligate sarcastic usage.
*'''Śuktúv''', '''Śuktuluv -''' ''n.'' Perjorative term for an indigenous [[Crona|Cronite]]; literally "cornhole", from ''śuk'' ("{{wp|maize}}", from [[Canespa|Papasimi]] ''{{wt|chuqllu|chuqllu}}'') + ''tuluv'' ("hole, pit"), referencing the centrality of maize to the diet of most Cronan peoples and intimating that Cronites are {{wp|Glossary_of_Nazi_Germany#U|useless eaters}}.

==T==
*'''tola -''' ''n.'' Door
*'''terion -''' ''n.'' Record
*'''[[tuva]] -''' ''n.'' Endogamous social group typical of the structure of [[Coscivian civilisation|Coscivian cultures]]; variously translated as '{{wt|kith}}', 'caste', 'community', 'ethnosocial group', 'Coscivian subgroup', or (historically) 'tribe'.

==Th==
*'''thansix -''' ''adj.'' Based.
*'''Thíarna -''' ''n.'' God, in a specifically Christian sense, as opposed to the more generic ''Saīon''. From the Gaelic ''Thíarna'', "Lord".
*'''thorn -''' ''n.'' Bridge. Common in placenames, such as ''Thortimur'' ("Bridgeport", from the genitive form ''thortisk'')
*'''[[Household registration in Kiravia|thramdastraterion]]''' - ''n.'' Household register. From ''thram'' ("house") + ''dastra'' ("select group, class") + ''terion'' ("record").

==U==
*'''[[Urom]] -''' ''n.'' Any of the tribally-organised non-Coscivian peoples of [[Great Kirav]].
*'''ūmar -''' ''n.'' In [[Shaftonism|Shaftonist]] {{wp|colour theory}}, a hypothetical precursor to the colour {{wp|red}}. Used in some ancient poetry to describe human hair colour and skin undertones.
*'''ūsa -''' ''n.'' Mystical universal energy in many Coscivian folk religious traditions, similar to {{wp|Qi|chi}}. Ultimately derived from the Proto-Kasavic ''Wàz'', a different but related concept from early Cosco-Adratic tribal beliefs.

==V==
*'''va -''' ''v.'' To do. Together with its corresponding verbal noun ''vara'' ('activity', 'action', 'behaviour'), it is among the most frequently used words in the language.
*'''valera -''' ''n.'' Province
*'''venta -''' ''n.'' Work, labour
*'''vektur -''' ''n.'' Executive (political or corporate), governor, director (corporate).
*'''vestra -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Burgh}}, {{wp|Borough (New Jersey)|borough}}.
*'''vertha -''' ''n.'' Book
*'''viln -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Wood}}.
*'''virsa -''' ''n.'' Order (as opposed to {{wp|chaos}}), categorical hierarchy - a virtue in [[Shaftonism|Shaftonist philosophy]]. {{wp|Cosmos}} and {{wp|Natural order (philosophy)|natural order}}.
*'''volon -''' ''n.'' Troop, military formation
*'''vomor''', '''vomra -''' ''n.'' Storm
*'''vośak -''' ''n.'' {{wp|Horse}}.

==X==
*'''xistum -''' ''n.'' Ice. Common in placenames, e.g. ''[[Cities of Kiravia#Xistódarin|Xistódarin]]''.
*'''xîluv -''' ''n.'' A fraction equal to one four-hundredth; a currency subunit representing 0.0025 [[saar]] and a unit of time representing 0.0025 ''þórr''. 
*'''[[xolkriśgir]] -''' ''n.'' A {{wp|culture-bound syndrome}} and related {{wp|taboo}} concerning {{wp|colour photography}}. Compound of ''xolkir'' ('colour') + ''iśgir'' ('fear'), calqueable as ''chromophobia''.
*'''xóstrev -''' ''n.'' Collegial body, e.g. the [[Executive College]] (''Vekturxóstrev'') or the [[Catholic Church|College of Cardinals]] (''Devaépiskurxóstrev'').
*'''xūron -''' ''n.'' King. From High Coscivian, originally referring to any sovereign monarch, and later as a subsidiary title of the Coscivian Emperor pertaining to several large divisions of the Empire, such as ''Xūron Antarisk'' ("King of the Antar Plateau"). During the Third Empire it also took on a technical legal meaning, referring to any ruler who enjoyed {{wp|imperial immediacy}} regardless of their actual title and including elected rulers. It continues to be used as the generic translation for the titles of sovereign non-Coscivian monarchs.
*'''xuruv -''' ''n.'' Cloud

==Y==
*'''[[yakav]] -''' ''n.'' Member of the traditional village menial castes.
*'''yanx -''' ''adj.'' Low, e.g. ''[[Low Coscivian|Yanxikoskirona]]'' ('Low Coscivian'). Antonymous to ''ixtix''.

==Ỻ==

==See also==
*[[List of ethnic slurs]]

==Notes==

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:KRV]]

[[Category:IXWB]]