View source for Joanus X de Martigueux

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{{Infobox royalty
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| name               = Joanus X de Martigueux
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| image              = Christian_X_of_Denmark_circa_1915.jpg
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| caption            = Joanus X in 1932

| succession         = [[Grand Duke of Yonderre]]
| moretext           = <br>[[Grand Baron of the Kestrel Isles]]
| reign              = 15 October 1920 – 22 October 1982
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| predecessor        = [[Joanus IX de Somua]]
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| successor          = [[Giles V Sentinelleau]]
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| succession1        = [[Count of Collinebourg]]
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| reign1             = 25 May 1918 – 22 October 1982
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| predecessor1       = [[Guillaume VI de Martigueux, Count of Collinebourg]]
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| successor1         = [[Guillaume VII de Martigueux, Count of Collinebourg]]
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| birth_name         = Joanus Maria Guillaume Falco de Martigueux
| birth_date         = 22 March 1897
| birth_place        = [[Collinebourg Palace]], [[Collinebourg]], [[Yonderre]]
| death_date         = {{death date and age|1982|10|22|1897|03|22|df=y}}
| death_place        = [[Collinebourg Palace]], [[Collinebourg]], [[Yonderre]]
| burial_date        = 27 October 1982
| burial_place       = [[Collinebourg Cathedral]], [[Collinebourg]], [[Yonderre]]
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| spouse             = [[Lucia Fallshade, Grand Duchess of Yonderre|Lucia Fallshade]] (m. 1918)
| spouse-type        = Grand Duchess
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| issue              = {{plainlist}} [[Guillaume VII de Martigueux, Count of Collinebourg]]<br>[[Rachet de Martigueux (industrialist)|Rachet de Martigueux]]<br>Edith de Martigueux<br>Julianne de Martigueux
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| house              = [[House de Martigueux]]
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'''Joanus X de Martigueux''' (born ''Joanus Maria Guillaume Falco de Martigueux''; 22 March 1897 – 22 October 1982) was [[Grand Duke of Yonderre]] from 15 October 1920 – 22 October 1982. His reign of 62 years and 7 days is the longest of any [[Grand Duke of Yonderre]] and spanned the latter half of the [[Great Depression]], the entirety of the [[Great War]] and much of the [[Occidental Cold War]]. Prior to his ascension to [[Grand Duke of Yonderre|Grand Duke]], Joanus X was styled as Joanus XI de Martigueux, [[Count of Collinebourg]] since the death of his father, [[Guillaume VI de Martigueux, Count of Collinebourg]]. 

Although his election to [[Grand Duke of Yonderre|Grand Duke]] in 1920 over the more experienced [[Hubert V, Count of Donne]] surprised many, the young Joanus X quickly established himself as a competent ruler and is remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious, and proactive [[Grand Duke of Yonderre|Grand Dukes of Yonderre]], having initiated many reforms and projects to steer his nation out of the [[Great Depression]] and clear of the [[Great War]]. His early rule has been described as authoritarian in nature and he strongly stressed the importance of ducal dignity and power. Joanus X is noted for his use of executive powers, a notable example being in 1928 when he dismissed the democratically elected [[Social Democrats (Yonderre)|Social Democratic]] cabinet with which he disagreed and installing one of his own choosing. Joanus X's rule after the [[Great War]] is marked by a more liberal approach, starting the long reforming process towards a nationalised social healthcare service and social security network. 
==Early life==
Joanus X de Martigueux was born in [[Collinebourg Palace]] as Joanus Maria Guillaume Falco de Martigueux on March 22, 1897, as the eldest son of [[Guillaume VI de Martigueux, Count of Collinebourg]] (1867 – 1918) and his wife Countess Carolina (1876 – 1963). Joanus attended the [[Sainte-Catherine Military Academy]] in [[Kubagne]] from 1915-1917, afterwich he served with the [[Guard Cuirassier Division]]. His father Guillaume VI had been narrowly snubbed of the title of [[Grand Duke of Yonderre]] by [[Joanus IX de Somua]] in 1895 which doctors believe caused his heart attack the same year and severely damaged his health, ultimately leading to his early death in 1918, aged 50. Joanus X thus became [[Count of Collinebourg]] aged 21 and retired from the Guard Cuirassiers shortly after. He married [[Lucia Fallshade, Grand Duchess of Yonderre|Lucia Fallshade]] later the same year, a [[Urcea|Urcean]] daughter of the prominent [[Fallshade]] family. 
==Election to Grand Duke and early rule==
Following the death of [[Grand Duke of Yonderre|Grand Duke]] [[Joanus IX de Somua]] in 1920, Count Joanus was narrowly elected [[Grand Duke of Yonderre]] ahead of [[Hubert V, Count of Donne]]. The traditional election between the nine [[Counts of Yonderre]] ended in a threeway tie with Joanus XI of Collinebourg, [[Hubert V, Count of Donne]] and [[Auguste XV, Count of Somua]] each having three votes. Following further debating another vote was cast in which Joanus XI and Hubert V were tied with four votes each, Auguste XV still voting for himself. After extensive debates and backdoor negotiations, Joanus had finally secured a majority at 3AM on 15 October 1920. He was proclaimed [[Grand Duke of Yonderre]] later that day from the balcony of [[Guillaumesbourg]], the palace that houses the [[Yonderian parliament]], by [[Steward of the Realm]] [[C.F. Beauregard]].

Soon after his prolcamation, Joanus X set out to reform Yonderian industry, whose work had suffered due to the [[Great Depression]] and which, in spite of repeated attempts by his predecessor [[Joanus IX de Somua]], had been unable to correct this. Reforms put in place during the early 1920s alleviated these issues over the following years, with industrial capacity returning to pre-Great Depression levels around the late 1920s. The Grand Duke and Grand Duchess spent much of 1924 travelling [[Levantia]], visiting [[Carna]] and the [[Holy Levantine Empire]], specifically [[Urcea]], [[Burgundie]] and [[Faneria]]. In 1928, Joanus X dismissed the democratically elected [[Social Democrats (Yonderre)|Social Democratic]] cabinet under [[Adolphe Heineau]] with which he disagreed and replaced it with a de facto conservative caretaker cabinet. The immediate cause was a conflict between the Grand Duke and the cabinet over the reforms introduced to combat the effects of the [[Great Depression]], with the Heineau cabinet wishing to divert more money to agriculture as opposed to industry and mercantilism. Subsequent demonstrations emerged throughout [[Yonderre]], forcing the Grand Duke to seek a compromise, dismissing his own government and installing a compromise cabinet until elections could be held later that year. The elections resulted in the re-election of Heineau as [[Grand Steward of Yonderre]] who would ultimately work closely with Joanus X to acchieve compromises that suited both.

==Issue==
*[[Guillaume VII de Martigueux, Count of Collinebourg]] (1921 – 2003)<br>
*[[Rachet de Martigueux (industrialist)|Rachet de Martigueux]] (1923 – 2011)<br>
*Edith de Martigueux (1926 – 2009)<br>
*Julianne de Martigueux (born 1930)
==Titles, styles and honours==
===Titles and styles===
*22 March 1897 – 25 May 1918: ''His Highness the Hereditary Count of Collinebourg''<br>
*25 May 1918 – 15 October 1920: ''His Highness the Count of Collinebourg''<br>
*15 October 1920 – 22 October 1982: ''By the Grace of God, His Majesty the Grand Duke of Yonderre, King of the Goths, Count of Collinebourg, Grand Baron of the Kestrel Isles''
===Honours and decorations===
* {{Flag|Yonderre}} Grand Master of the [[Order of Joanus]]
* {{Flag|Yonderre}} Grand Master of the [[Order of the Shield]]
* {{Flag|Yonderre}} Grand Master of the [[Order of the Kestrel]]
* {{Flag|Yonderre}} Grand Master of the [[Order of the Green Knight]]<br><br>

* {{Flag|Burgundie}} [[Order of the House of Marius]] (1929)
* {{Flag|Burgundie}} [[Order of Julian Bergendus]] (1934)
* {{Flag|Burgundie}} [[Order of Marin-Estelle]] (1924)
* [[File:Carna_kingdom.png|24px]] [[Kingdom of Carna|Carna]] [[Order of the Unicorn]] (1924)
* {{Flag|Faneria}} [[Order of The Broken Pine]] (1924)
* {{Flag|Levantine Union}} Imperial Knight of the [[Imperial Order of the Holy Cross]] (1956)
* {{Flag|Urcea}} Honorary Ceannaturiaí of the [[Life Guard (Urcea)|Royal Life Guard]] (1924)
[[Category:People]]
[[Category:Royalty]]
[[Category:Nobility]]
[[Category:Grand Dukes of Yonderre]]
[[Category:Counts of Collinebourg]]
[[Category:Yonderre]]
[[Category:YDF Personnel]]
[[Category:Yonderian Defence Force]]
[[Category:Canonical Article]]