View source for Vandarch pike

{{Short description|Species of brackish carnivorous fish of the genus ''Esox'' indigenous to Lake Vandarch}}
{{Taxobox 
| name = Vandarch pike
| fossil_range = {{wp|Late Cretaceous}}–''present'' <br/>{{Geological range|70|0}}  
| image = Esox_lucius_ZOO_1.jpg
| image_caption = ''E. vandarcensis'' in the [[Zoological Gardens Collinebourg]]
| image_upright = 1.15
| regnum            = {{wp|Animalia}}
| phylum            = {{wp|Chordata}}
| classis            = {{wp|Actinopterygii}}
| ordo               = {{wp|Esociformes}}
| familia            = {{wp|Esocidae}}
| genus             = ''{{wp|Esox}}''
| type_species = '''''Esox vandarcensis'''''
| type_species_authority = [[Charles Linneaux]], 1735
| subdivision_ranks =
| subdivision_ref = 
| subdivision = 
}}
The '''Vandarch pike''' ('''''Esox vandarcensis''''') is a species of carnivorous fish of the genus ''{{wp|Esox|esox}}'' (pike) ([[Burgoignesc language|Burg]]: ''brochet Vandarch''). Common throughout [[Levantia]], they are commonly found in the {{wp|brackish water|brackish}} and {{wp|fresh water}}s of the [[Vandarch]] and the numerous rivers and lakes that feed into it. With a fossil range dating back to the {{wp|Late Cretaceous}}, the Vandarch pike is considered a {{wp|Living fossil|living fossil}} by the scientific community.  

Vandarch pike have the elongated, torpedo-like shape typical of predatory fishes, with sharply pointed heads and sharp teeth. Their coloration is typically grey-green with a mottled or spotted appearance with stripes along their backs, providing camouflage among underwater weeds, and each individual pike marking patterns are unique like fingerprints. Vandarch pike can grow to large sizes; their average length is about 40–55 cm (16–22 in), with maximum recorded lengths of up to 150 cm (59 in) and maximum weights of 28.4 kg (63 lb). The International Game Fish Association currently recognises a {{convert|28|kg|lb}} pike caught by Siegmar Groff on Seering Lake, [[Yonderre]], on 16 October 1986, as the all-tackle world-record holding Vandarch pike.

The Vandarch pike, while not held in particularly high regard as a foodstuff in modern times, has historically been held in high regard by the [[Levantine peoples]]. It remains one of the apex predators of the [[Vandarch|Lake Vandarch]] and is designated as the [[List_of_national_symbols#National_fish|national fish]] of [[Yonderre]]. It is a prized trophy fish throughout [[Levantia]] and, thanks to its depictions in [[Yonderian cinema]], [[Kiravia]]. Yonderian polymath [[Charles Linneaux]] referred to the Vandarch pike as "the single most important taxon of the Levantine waterways".
==Etymology==
The Vandarch pike takes its Ænglish name from the pointed shape of its head by way of the Olde Ænglish word ''píc'' originally meaning "pickaxe". "Pickerel" is a common term for juvenile pikes. The plural of pike is also pike. The specific name "Vandarch pike" refers to [[Vandarch|Lake Vandarch]] where the fish is found in ample abundance today. It is known as ''Peyk'' in the [[East Gothic language]] from the same root as the Ænglish "pike". It is known as ''brochet'' in [[Burgoignesc language|Burgoignesc]] from ''broche'' (“spike, pin”) +‎ -''et'', after the pointed jaws of the fish.

==Fossil record==
[[File:Fossil_-_Hecht_(Esox).jpg|thumb|Fossilized Late Cretaceous Vandarch pike from the [[Spelph River Valley]], [[Yonderre]]]]
''E. vandarcensis'' is known from countless specimens around [[Levantia]] dating back as far as 70 million years ago, placing the species firmly at the beginning of the ''Esox''-genus' lineage. The Vandarch pike predates the [[Vandarch|Lake Vandarch]] for which it is named by at least 69 million years, having evidently evolved at some point during the {{wp|Late Cretaceous}} in the {{wp|brackish water|brackish}} and {{wp|fresh water}}s of Northeastern [[Sarpolevantia]]. 
==Angling==
Effective methods for catching this hard-fighting fish include dead baits, live baits, and lure fishing. Pike can easily be damaged when handled since they are not as robust as their reputation would suggest. Color of lure can be influenced by water clarity and weather conditions. Since pike have numerous sharp teeth it is wise to take extreme care when unhooking them. The use of a wet leather gauntlet and surgical forceps to remove hooks is highly recommended on safety grounds. If practicing catch and release fishing, care for the pike should be the pike angler's utmost concern. The formerly recommended practice of grasping a pike by its eye sockets (misinterpreted as "its eyes") resulted in numerous released pike that quickly died from inability to see prey any longer.

The current recommended method of grasping pike is to close the hand firmly over the gill covers, and to make the period of handling as short as possible before release. Grabbing a pike by the gill covers is not feasible when a pike is very big, but it is easy to handle a pike by inserting the fingers at the bottom of the gill opening and grabbing the lower jaw. Big pike should also be supported at the belly. When a pike is held this way it is also easier to keep the mouth open to remove a hook. Some anglers now use special grips to grab the pike's front lower jaw, which can add to the safety of an anglers because of the danger imposed by the hooks of the lure or tackle and the pike's teeth. However these can cause serious damage to a pike's lower jaw. The Pike Anglers Club ([[Burgoignesc language|Burg]]: ''Societie des Pecheuers Brochets'') was formed in [[1977]] to campaign for the preservation of pike and the sport of pike fishing. It is headquartered in [[Spelph]], [[Yonderre]], but is a trans-national club with many local chapters in Upland [[Burgundie]]. 

Pike are susceptible to ''gut hooking'' when fished for with natural bait. Upon taking the bait, the pike will hold it for a short time in its mouth as it moves off. The pike will then, usually, turn the bait in its mouth, so that it sits in alignment with its throat to ease swallowing. It is recommended that when pike fishing the process is not allowed to go this far and a strike is recommended as soon as a bite is indicated. Otherwise, what is known as ''gut hooking'' will result, which will normally kill or seriously injure the fish. [[Burgundie|Burgoignesc]] research shows that cutting the line immediately when the fish is gut hooked will still give low mortality (14%). The hooks in the gut or stomach were either encapsulated or removed from the body. Placing hooks near the rear of the bait reduces the risk of deep hooking.

Other methods of catching and handing pike that are now frowned upon are the gaff and the gag. The gaff is a metal hook on the end of a pole used to hook through the fish's body in place of a more humane landing net. A gag is a device for holding open the pike's mouth whilst unhooking. These are now illegal in [[Yonderre]], as they put a huge amount of pressure on a pike's jaw, thus causing irreparable damage.

==Cuisine==
[[File:Quenelle de brochet sauce Nantua.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.2|''Quenelle de brochet {{wp|Nauta sauce|sauce Esquinine}}.'']]
The taste of pike and pickerel is highly esteemed, but the "multitude of long, fine, forked bones" are problematic.  The dish of pike dumplings ([[Burgoignesc language|Burg]]: ''{{wp|Quenelle#Quenelles_de_brochet|quenelles de brochet}}''), which puts the meat through a sieve, was invented in [[Esquinia]], [[Burgundie]], during the late eighteenth century to deal with this issue. The dish consists of pike quenelles with {{wp|Nauta sauce|sauce Esquinine}}, both pike and crayfish being specialties of the Esquinine area. Pike quenelles were invented by a chef named Boniface-Beauchamps Bellevue Bontemps to deal with the pike's "multitude of long, fine, forked bones". ''Quenelles de brochet'' are prepared many ways, but most recipes first prepare a {{wp|panade}}, essentially a thick {{wp|Béchamel sauce}}, then combine the panade with fish, and put the mixture through a sieve such as a {{wp|tamis}}, yielding a {{wp|forcemeat}}. The quenelles are shaped from the forcemeat and then poached. They may be served sauced and grilled, or with a variety of sauces.

==Cultural significance==
*[[Brochet-2|Brochet]] family of anti-ship missiles

==See also==
* [[Vandarch]]

[[Category:Paleontology]]
[[Category:Vandarch]]
[[Category:Yonderre]]
[[Category:Canonical Article]]
[[Category:IXWB]]