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=Second-level Administrative Divisions of Kiravia= | =Second-level Administrative Divisions of Kiravia= | ||
'''Second-level administrative divisions of Kiravia | '''Second-level administrative divisions of Kiravia''' (Kiravic: ''Idotorūix astrotheśkæ Kiraviá'') are those administrative-territorial formations existing directly below the [[Kiravian federal subjects|provinces of the Kiravian Federacy]]. | ||
==Terminology== | ==Terminology== | ||
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==Classes== | ==Classes== | ||
[[File:Vista PlazaVenezuela2.jpg|thumb|Weed Gang.]] | [[File:Vista PlazaVenezuela2.jpg|thumb|Weed Gang.]] | ||
Most | Most provinces have only one class of second-level division, the countyship. | ||
Provincial laws sometimes define other classes of second-level administrative divisions distinct from countyships. The most common of these is the '''free city''' (''víutisar''), which is typically a populous, thoroughly urbanised municipality of special significance that is beyond the jurisdiction of any county. Free cities exist in [[Ventarya]] (X such cities), [[Hanoram]] (2 cities), [[Suderavia]] (one city), [[Valtéra]] (one city), [[Asperidan]] (one city), and the [[District of Coīnvra]] (one city). | |||
Some sparsely-populated areas or frontier regions may be designated as '''districts''' (''distriktuv''). This is usually indicative of a smaller, weaker governmental apparatus with greater dependency on the | Some sparsely-populated areas or frontier regions may be designated as '''districts''' (''distriktuv'') or '''peripheries''' (''rymnivera''). This is usually indicative of a smaller, weaker governmental apparatus with greater dependency on the provincial government than the subject's countyships. Districts exist in [[Verastia Territory]], [[West Rhuon]], and various parts of Kiravian Crona. | ||
The [[East Arctic Mandate]] is divided into ''raīonya'' and ''vestra'' ("boroughs"), with the latter being functionally equivalent to independent cities. | The [[East Arctic Mandate]] is divided into ''raīonya'' and ''vestra'' ("boroughs"), with the latter being functionally equivalent to independent cities. | ||
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Five broad types of countyships may be defined, based on their degree of self-governance: autonomous countyships, home rule countyships, standard countyships, limited or departmental countyships, and non-governing countyships. | Five broad types of countyships may be defined, based on their degree of self-governance: autonomous countyships, home rule countyships, standard countyships, limited or departmental countyships, and non-governing countyships. | ||
Autonomous countyships have special status, enjoy wide-reaching structural, functional, and fiscal autonomy, and enjoy exemptions from generally applicable state laws. Currently, all autonomous countyships | '''Autonomous countyships''' have special status, enjoy wide-reaching structural, functional, and fiscal autonomy, and enjoy exemptions from generally applicable state laws. Currently, all autonomous countyships are designated for [[Urom]] communities or National Minority populations, though there have been proposals to create autonomous countyships for other purposes, such as to govern the [[Holden Island]] bistate condominium or to expand casino gambling. | ||
Home-rule countyships are self-organised (the countyship government is a fiscally and legally independent corporate entity from the | '''Home-rule countyships''' are self-organised (the countyship government is a fiscally and legally independent corporate entity from the provincial government, though functioning within the parameters of provincial laws and charged with administrative responsibilities by the province), and enjoy significant structural, functional, and fiscal latitude, in contrast to '''standard countyships''', which have their structures fully and functions significantly defined by province-wide law and are fiscally accountable to the provincial government. Standard countyships are by far the most common type, followed by home rule countyships. Together, standard and home-rule countyships account for the vast majority of Kiravian second-level divisions and contain almost the entirety (>96%) of the Kiravian population. In some provinces, such as Hanoram State, all countyships are home-rule by default. In others, such as [[Cascada]], home rule is granted on an individual basis by the legislature. | ||
In some | In some provinces, and for some specific countyships in other provinces, the countyship government does not exist as an entity distinct from the provincial government. These are classified as '''limited countyships'''. County-level powers are exercised by provincial agencies and appointees, usually in the absence of locally-elected officials or councils. In Itaho-Falkaria, for example, several sparsely-populated countyships are administered directly by the Territorial Forestry Service. In Sydona, Destran Raion is a "raion of republican subordination" administered by a Department of Metropolitan Affairs. | ||
Some countyships have no government of their own, but nonetheless exist on paper and may be used as a judicial, statistical, and administrative district by other government agencies. In some cases this situation arose through attrition, as responsibilities of a previous county government were devolved to municipal governments and/or resumed by the state. This has occurred in several countyships in Fariva, the X cantons of [[Valēka]] (each of which is a countyship of Kiygrava State), and all countyships of [[Bissáv]], all of which still have county courts and county registrars. In most cases, however, non-governing countyships are created in areas where no previous county-level government existed, such as islands with no permanent civilian population or small provinces whose territory is coterminous with a single county (Interlacunal District, Fanlin Island). There have been several instances in Kiravian history when entire counties have been depopulated by war, crop failures, or other exceptional circumstances. In [[Kyllera]], individual countyship governments can cease to function for extended periods due to unrest (usually involving the Síruku aboriginals) and disease. In Daridia, it is not uncommon for certain rural counties to elect councils with hardline libertarian majorities that either vote themselves out of existence, refuse to carry out any business, or fail to convene at all. | |||
=Articles on Specific Countyships= | =Articles on Specific Countyships= |