Tanoa

Alta Roma
State
Estado da Alta Roma State of Alta Roma
Flag of Alta Roma Flag Official seal of Alta Roma Seal
Nickname(s):  Estrela Roja Red Star
Motto:  Ad astra
Anthem: Canticum Siderum
Map of Cartadania with Alta Roma highlighted Map of Cartadania with Alta Roma highlighted
Country	Cartadania
Before statehood	Part of Font Republic
Admitted to the Union	6 January 1995 (24th)
Capital	Arranda
Largest city	Cagliasi
Largest metro	Greater Cagliasi
Government
• Governor	Eva Castillero
• Lieutenant Governor	Maria Arriaga
Legislature	Alta Roma General Assembly
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
Judiciary	Supreme Court of Alta Roma
Senators	3
Chamber delegation	13
Area
• Total	39,015 km2 (15,064 sq mi)
• Rank	28th
Elevation	36 m (118 ft)
Highest elevation (Rico's Peak)	200 m (700 ft)
Lowest elevation (Bay of Verona)	0 m (0 ft)
Population  (2020)
• Total	9,402,613
• Rank	13th
• Density	240/km2 (620/sq mi)
• Median household income	€80,805
• Income rank	7th
Demonym	Altano(a)
Language
• Official language	Cartadanian Latin
Time zone	UTC-1:00 (Central Standard Time)
CCor abbreviation	AR
ISO 3166 code	CA-AR
Trad. abbreviation	Alta
Website	www.romaalta.gov

Alta Roma, officially the State of Alta Roma (Cartadanian: Estado de Alta Roma), is a state located in south-central Cartadania. It had a 2020-census population of 9,402,613, making it the 13th-most populous state in Cartadania, as well as the 28th-most extensive. Combined with a density of 241 inhabitants per square kilometre (620/sq mi), it is also the 3rd-most densely populated state in Cartadania. The state capital is Arranda, located in the state's central valley, while Cagliasi, is the state's largest city and is located along the state's short coastline. Greater Cagliasi is the most populous urban region, with about 3.5 million residents, comprising a third of the state's population.

The area that is present-day Alta Roma was first inhabited by Cartic peoples starting around 3,000 years BC, with the Linaca being the dominant group when Latins finally arrived in the early 4th century BC. Its position across the Turian mountains and so far south along the Bay of Verona made it of little interest to Republic-era Caphiria, thus it lacked true inland settlements until the Magna Discordia when Cartadania separated from Caphiria, taking the area with it. Although it has been part of Cartadania since 1671, it did not become a state of its own until 1995, when the former state of Roma was split into current Alta Roma and Baixa Roma

Alta Roma's location in Cartadania makes it difficult to include it in a specific region. Because the regions exist merely as a consolidation and categorization of cultural similarities in the country, the state is not de jure part of any region. It is most commonly accepted, however, as a part of the Luson region. It's proximity to Turiana and Verona has fueled its rapid growth and suburbanization in the second half of the 20th century. With the turn of the 21st century, its economy increasingly diversified, with major sectors including biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, specialized agriculture, and informational technology. Alta Roma remains a major destination for immigrants from Caphiria, with one of the most multicultural populations in Cartadania. Echoing historic trends, the state has increasingly re-urbanized, with growth in the cities outpacing the suburbs since 2000. Alta Roma is one of the wealthiest states in Cartadania, with the seventh highest median household income in 2023. Almost one-tenth of all households, or over 341,000 of 3.5 million, are millionaires. Alta Roma's public school system consistently ranks at or among the top of all Cartadanian states.

Geography

The state borders Baixa Roma to the south, Verona and the Bay of Verona to the east and northeast, and the Caphirian province of Turiana to the west and northwest.

Government

Executive

Chalinus Adrana, Governor of Alta Roma

Caecilia Micon, Lt. Governor

The position of Governor of Alta Roma has been considered one of the most powerful in the nation. Until 2011, the governor was the only statewide elected executive official in the state and appointed various government officials. Formerly, an acting governor was even more powerful as they simultaneously served as president of the Senate of Alta Roma, thus directing half of the legislative and all of the executive process. A 2009 amendment to the state Constitution prevents the Senate President from becoming acting governor in the event of a permanent gubernatorial vacancy without giving up their seat in the state Senate. Currently, Chalinus Adrana (SDP) serves as the 4th governor, while Caecilia Micon serves as the second lieutenant governor. The governor's mansion is Saumner Chateau, located in Arranda.

Legislature

General Assembly Building

The current version of the Alta Roma State Constitution was adopted in 1995. It provides for a bicameral state legislature, known as the Alta Roma General Assembly, consisting of an upper house Senate of 40 members and a lower house House of Representatives of 80 members. Each of the 40 legislative districts elects one state senator and two Assembly members. Assembly members are elected for a two-year term in all odd-numbered years; state senators are elected in the years ending in 1, 3, and 7 and thus serve either four- or two-year terms.

Alta Roma is one of the few states that elects its state officials in odd-numbered years. It holds elections for these offices every four years, in the year preceding each federal Presidential election year. Thus, the last year when Alta Roma elected a governor was 2023; the next gubernatorial election will occur in 2027.

Judiciary

Supreme Court of Alta Roma

The Supreme Court of Alta Roma (SCOAR) consists of a chief justice and six associate justices. All are appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of a majority of the membership of the state senate. Justices serve an initial seven-year term, after which they can be reappointed to serve until age 70.

Most of the day-to-day work in the Alta Roma's courts is carried out in the Municipal Court, where simple traffic tickets, minor criminal offenses, and small civil matters are heard.

More serious criminal and civil cases are handled by the Superior Court for each county. All Superior Court judges are elected by their county or appointed by its Board of Supervisors. Each judge serves an initial seven-year term, after which they can be reappointed to serve until age 70.

The Superior Court also has an Appellate Division, which functions as the state's intermediate appellate court. Superior Court judges are assigned to the Appellate Division by the Chief Justice.

There is also a Tax Court, which is a court of limited jurisdiction. Tax Court judges hear appeals of tax decisions made by County Boards of Taxation. They also hear appeals on decisions made by the director of the Department of Revenue on such matters as state income, sales and business taxes, and homestead rebates. Appeals from Tax Court decisions are heard in the Appellate Division of Superior Court. Tax Court judges are appointed by the governor for initial terms of seven years, and upon reappointment are granted tenure until they reach the mandatory retirement age of 70. There are 12 Tax Court judgeships.

Local government

Alta Roma consists of 40 counties. Some counties have been named for prominent figures in both Cartadanian and Caphirian history, as well as Alta Roman history, and many bear names with tribal origin (e.g., Linaca named counties). Counties in Alta Roma have their own elected legislative branch, usually called the Board of Commissioners, which usually also has executive authority in the county. Alta Roma's Constitution provides all counties and cities with "home rule" authority. The county commissions have considerable power to pass legislation within their county, as a municipality would.

Alta Roma recognizes all local units of government as cities, so every incorporated town is legally a city. Alta Roma does not provide for townships or independent cities, though there have been bills proposed in the Legislature to provide for townships; it does allow consolidated city-county governments by local referendum, but none currently exist.