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=== The Federation era ===
=== The Federation era ===
In September of 1615, after Lusia gained independence from Caphiria, the people simply existed in a state of shock and disbelief. Having heard stories of the initial efforts of Verona to separate, it was to many, a miracle. They were, nonetheless, very happy about the independence and celebrated what is now Cartadania's independence day, officially 21 September 1615. Some of the leaders, however, still felt more aligned to Caphiria after the separation, and with the help of Venceia, the two nations were formed by the creation of the Magna Discordia, which split the region in two and required they stay separate for a period of one-hundred years until a common accord could be reached, by which they would reunify. The provinces of Averius, Faraya, Sancta Irene, Spirito Santo united to form the Vachenan Federation (VF) on the western third of Odros, while the provinces of Acara, Alexandria, Galiza, Santiago, São Andreas, Triessa, Turiana Occidentalis, Veneza, and Verona united to form the Odridian Federation (OF) in the remaining two thirds and Urlazio. While much was accomplished in correcting human rights violations made under the former rule during this period, such as both formally abolishing slavery and freeing their Audonian slaves, with the OF doing so in 1619 and extending many rights to all people to create a more cohesive and united people, many problems still existed.  The OF experienced a large period of political instability during this time, with the first governors being arraigned for many crimes. This continued for nearly ten years as the new nation sorted itself out.
In September of 1615, after Lusia gained independence from Caphiria, the people simply existed in a state of shock and disbelief. Having heard stories of the initial efforts of Verona to separate, it was to many, a miracle. They were, nonetheless, very happy about the independence and celebrated what is now Cartadania's independence day, officially 21 September 1615. Some of the leaders, however, still felt more aligned to Caphiria after the separation, and with the help of Venceia, the two nations were formed by the creation of the Magna Discordia, which split the region in two and required they stay separate for a period of one-hundred years until a common accord could be reached, by which they would reunify. The provinces of Averius, Faraya, Sancta Irene, Spirito Santo united to form the Vachenan Federation (VF) on the western third of Odros, while the provinces of Acara, Alexandria, Galiza, Santiago, São Andreas, Triessa, Turiana Occidentalis, Verona, and Victoria united to form the Odridian Federation (OF) in the remaining two thirds and Urlazio. While much was accomplished in correcting human rights violations made under the former rule during this period, such as both formally abolishing slavery and freeing their Audonian slaves, with the OF doing so in 1619 and extending many rights to all people to create a more cohesive and united people, many problems still existed.  The OF experienced a large period of political instability during this time, with the first governors being arraigned for many crimes. This continued for nearly ten years as the new nation sorted itself out.


[[File:Horace_Vernet-Barricade_rue_Soufflot.jpg|thumb|left|200px|One such conflict during [[Ano Roxo]] in Alexandria.]]
[[File:Horace_Vernet-Barricade_rue_Soufflot.jpg|thumb|left|200px|One such conflict during [[Ano Roxo]] in Alexandria.]]
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=== Current constitution ===
=== Current constitution ===
The need for a new "variety" of republic was very well known throughout the country during the early 18th century. Work on the new constitutional amendments was still underway in January of 1709, and after having the military step in to end the turmoil, the Supreme Court pressed the few legislators that remained to work faster. On 29 October 1709, the governments of Alexandria, Santiago, Veneza, and Verona called for the creation of a new capital, Alahuela, originally to sit between the four states with land ceded from all four. It was during this period, however, that the west Urlazian provinces, technically still part of Caphiria, began to experience the same downturn that Verona faced starting nearly 300 years before. Consequently, to keep the capital centralized and accessible by sea, the three states decided to place the capital between Alexandria and Verona along the Urlazian coast. This ensured access to São Ricardo, Milan, and Acara by way of the Urlazio Sea. In this time frame, Triessa and Andreas were looking to separate from Caphiria. They participated in the old republic as observers while the states already in existence figured out the issues of the original constituion. They were, however, still part of Caphiria at this point.
The need for a new "variety" of republic was very well known throughout the country during the early 18th century. Work on the new constitutional amendments was still underway in January of 1709, and after having the military step in to end the turmoil, the Supreme Court pressed the few legislators that remained to work faster. On 29 October 1709, the governments of Alexandria, Santiago, Verona, and Victoria called for the creation of a new capital, Alahuela, originally to sit between the four states with land ceded from all four. It was during this period, however, that the west Urlazian provinces, technically still part of Caphiria, began to experience the same downturn that Verona faced starting nearly 300 years before. Consequently, to keep the capital centralized and accessible by sea, the three states decided to place the capital between Alexandria and Verona along the Urlazian coast. This ensured access to São Ricardo, Milan, and Acara by way of the Urlazio Sea. In this time frame, Triessa and Andreas were looking to separate from Caphiria. They participated in the old republic as observers while the states already in existence figured out the issues of the original constituion. They were, however, still part of Caphiria at this point.


In late September of 1710, the amended current constitution of Cartadania was finalized with a final review by the Supreme Court completed in early October. When its review concluded, the plan was to send the information off to the states for adoption, but the beginning of the rainy season delayed this by a few weeks. Finally, on 30 October 1710, Alexandria became the first state to approve the amended constitution. The amended version renamed the republic from the "''Republic of Cartadania''" to the "''Federative Republic of Cartadania''", although the exact reasoning behind this decision is unknown, as the country has always been a federal system. After Alexandria, Verona ratified the constitution on 2 November, followed by Santiago on 5 January 1711, Veneza on 9 July 1711, and Milan on 24 March 1713. Even though other states had been part of the union before it, São Andreas became the sixth state by ratifying the constitution on 1 April 1715, separating it from Caphiria officially. Adoption of the amended constitution was slow, and for a while, the country was divided by the reluctance of the first adoptees to do business with those that were late to the party.
In late September of 1710, the amended current constitution of Cartadania was finalized with a final review by the Supreme Court completed in early October. When its review concluded, the plan was to send the information off to the states for adoption, but the beginning of the rainy season delayed this by a few weeks. Finally, on 30 October 1710, Alexandria became the first state to approve the amended constitution. The amended version renamed the republic from the "''Republic of Cartadania''" to the "''Federative Republic of Cartadania''", although the exact reasoning behind this decision is unknown, as the country has always been a federal system. After Alexandria, Verona ratified the constitution on 2 November, followed by Santiago on 5 January 1711, Victoria on 9 July 1711, and Milan on 24 March 1713. Even though other states had been part of the union before it, São Andreas became the sixth state by ratifying the constitution on 1 April 1715, separating it from Caphiria officially. Adoption of the amended constitution was slow, and for a while, the country was divided by the reluctance of the first adoptees to do business with those that were late to the party.


On 7 September 1730, Porta Bianca, an old Cartadanian territory in the Taínean Sea that was first ascertained in the late 1690s, became the first territory of Cartadania to successfully lobby the federal government and be approved for statehood. For nearly forty years after this, the republic remained relatively unchanged. Then, in 1769, Acara became the 8th state to join the union. Having already been a part of Cartadania before, its adoption process was fairly quick after its government was able to agree on rejoining the union. Twenty-five years later, it was split in half to form the lower portion of Aleira on 6 September 1794. This was the first time a state had been partitioned in the country's history, as the only other two to have done it before, Santiago and Verona, split to their current borders while still part of Caphiria. The country was again quiet for a few years after this addition before setting its sites westward.
On 7 September 1730, Porta Bianca, an old Cartadanian territory in the Taínean Sea that was first ascertained in the late 1690s, became the first territory of Cartadania to successfully lobby the federal government and be approved for statehood. For nearly forty years after this, the republic remained relatively unchanged. Then, in 1769, Acara became the 8th state to join the union. Having already been a part of Cartadania before, its adoption process was fairly quick after its government was able to agree on rejoining the union. Twenty-five years later, it was split in half to form the lower portion of Aleira on 6 September 1794. This was the first time a state had been partitioned in the country's history, as the only other two to have done it before, Santiago and Verona, split to their current borders while still part of Caphiria. The country was again quiet for a few years after this addition before setting its sites westward.


=== Annexation of eastern Vachena ===
=== Annexation of eastern Vachena ===
In Spring 1798, Cartadania's western states of Santiago and Veneza were beginning to spread the idea of a better life for the people of Iordas and Carina the northwesternmost provinces of Vachena, which ultimately turned out to be an effort to expand their respective territories. Fueled by the lack of representation in their own capital of Carolina, and the lack of border control between Vachena and Cartadania, the people, first of Carina, began to intermix with the Venezanos and Santiagans, visiting Cartadania (albeit illegally) and vice-versa. In fact, Venezans actually started their own farms in Vachena, which went against Carolina and Alahuela's separation agreement, the historic Magna Discordia. Because the vast majority of then-western Cartadanians could speak Latin with dialects similar to those of eastern Vachena, it was becoming difficult to enforce the rule of the Magna Discordia.
In Spring 1798, Cartadania's western states of Santiago and Victoria were beginning to spread the idea of a better life for the people of Iordas and Carina the northwesternmost provinces of Vachena, which ultimately turned out to be an effort to expand their respective territories. Fueled by the lack of representation in their own capital of Carolina, and the lack of border control between Vachena and Cartadania, the people, first of Carina, began to intermix with the Victorians and Santiagans, visiting Cartadania (albeit illegally) and vice-versa. In fact, Victorians actually started their own farms in Vachena, which went against Carolina and Alahuela's separation agreement, the historic Magna Discordia. Because the vast majority of then-western Cartadanians could speak Latin with dialects similar to those of eastern Vachena, it was becoming difficult to enforce the rule of the Magna Discordia.


In late summer of the same year, uprisings along the coast of Carina caused the Vachenan military to enter the region which made many Santiagans uneasy. The land along the Trentine River which separated Cartadania from Vachena at the time was fortified by Vachenan military police, which caused Alahuela to send Marshalls to western Santiago. A minor disagreement between the two groups lead Cartadania's Supreme Court to call into question the validity of the Magna Discordia which lead to Senate Resolution 16, an assessment of the rules and protocols of the document by Cartadania's entire federal government. Heightening tensions along this border caused the Department of the Interior (now the [[Department of Homeland Security (Cartadania)|Department of Homeland Security]]) to send agents to the area to assess the impending fallout, and in March 1799, the first Vachena Crisis ensued. The buildup of tensions in the region caused a ripple effect across the country. News of the civil unrest in Carina spread to Iordas and Faraya (now [[Ferara]]), and the Vachenan Parliament issued an emergency order to military police to end the uprisings. Venza Sentinate and Caille Herini, then-governors of Carina and Iordas respectively, petitioned Alahuela for voluntary annexation. They cited the willingness of Cartadania's federal government to accept anyone and ascension of Porta Bianca, a territory over 750 miles from Alahuela at its closest point. Originally, Congress still refused, not wanting to escalate into war with Vachena, who was still in particular alliance with Caphiria, but the Supreme Court, in essence, ordered Congress to comply with the agreement in place with Carolina and Venceia. Because the Magna Discordia only specified separation of 100-years, the separation had expired in 1771 by virtue of the Imperator, thus Senate Resolution 17 was authorized and Cartadania's government de jure annexed not only Iordas and Carina, but also the Southern Territory, of which today is Montecarlo, Siena, and southern Ferara.
In late summer of the same year, uprisings along the coast of Carina caused the Vachenan military to enter the region which made many Santiagans uneasy. The land along the Trentine River which separated Cartadania from Vachena at the time was fortified by Vachenan military police, which caused Alahuela to send Marshalls to western Santiago. A minor disagreement between the two groups lead Cartadania's Supreme Court to call into question the validity of the Magna Discordia which lead to Senate Resolution 16, an assessment of the rules and protocols of the document by Cartadania's entire federal government. Heightening tensions along this border caused the Department of the Interior (now the [[Department of Homeland Security (Cartadania)|Department of Homeland Security]]) to send agents to the area to assess the impending fallout, and in March 1799, the first Vachena Crisis ensued. The buildup of tensions in the region caused a ripple effect across the country. News of the civil unrest in Carina spread to Iordas and Faraya (now [[Ferara]]), and the Vachenan Parliament issued an emergency order to military police to end the uprisings. Venza Sentinate and Caille Herini, then-governors of Carina and Iordas respectively, petitioned Alahuela for voluntary annexation. They cited the willingness of Cartadania's federal government to accept anyone and ascension of Porta Bianca, a territory over 750 miles from Alahuela at its closest point. Originally, Congress still refused, not wanting to escalate into war with Vachena, who was still in particular alliance with Caphiria, but the Supreme Court, in essence, ordered Congress to comply with the agreement in place with Carolina and Venceia. Because the Magna Discordia only specified separation of 100-years, the separation had expired in 1771 by virtue of the Imperator, thus Senate Resolution 17 was authorized and Cartadania's government de jure annexed not only Iordas and Carina, but also the Southern Territory, of which today is Montecarlo, Siena, and southern Ferara.
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