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===Indigenous history=== | ===Indigenous history=== | ||
The Brudxaan area was first settled by humans in the period of the 6000s BC along with neighboring [[Quetzenkel]] and parts of [[Varshan]]. | The Brudxaan area was first settled by humans in the period of the 6000s BC along with neighboring [[Quetzenkel]] and parts of [[Varshan]]. | ||
[[File:TulaSite81.JPG|thumb|left|200px|Ancient statuary associated with the Čak Qozal Polity.]] | |||
The city of Čak Qozal was established in the 12th century BC at the southwestern base of the Brudxaan peninsula. The early history of the city is not generally well understood. Much of its history has been recorded later in light of [[Varshan#Anzoite_period|Varshani history]], under which context it was portrayed as a so-called "sister Varshan". Historians do agree that the city came to be the regional power in what is today New Veltorina for around a millennium, with its territory extending across the Brudxaan peninsula and soft-power influence spreading to the east across what would become central New Veltorina, as well as down into the northwestern corner of modern Varshan. Čak Qozal came under the political domination of [[Anzo]] by the year 1 AD, and there are two conflicting stories regarding this change in status, both of which sometimes appear [[Varshani historiography|recorded by the same source]]. In the first version, a deity - sometimes the sun god, later the death god - appeared in the center of the city and left a crown similar to that worn by the ruler of Anzo. When the Anzo ruler (Zurg) came to the city next week, he was hailed as new lord of the city and it subjected himself to it. The second version has a number of variations but involves a {{wp|Moses}}-like story about an Anzo prince who was born in anonymity in Čak Qozal only to return later, become Zurg, and wage a heroic war against Čak Qozal in which the city ultimately fell. In any event, the entire territory that was once under Čak Qozal's influence war part of Varshan by the 1st century AD, and for the next milennia it would form the northernmost periphery of Varshani influence. The degree to which cultural changes occurred during this period is not known. The traditional Varshani history recounts that the people of Čak Qozal were as Varshani as the people from Anzo from the beginning of time, an account highly doubted by most modern Occidental historians. | The city of Čak Qozal was established in the 12th century BC at the southwestern base of the Brudxaan peninsula. The early history of the city is not generally well understood. Much of its history has been recorded later in light of [[Varshan#Anzoite_period|Varshani history]], under which context it was portrayed as a so-called "sister Varshan". Historians do agree that the city came to be the regional power (the "Čak Qozal Polity") in what is today New Veltorina for around a millennium, with its territory extending across the Brudxaan peninsula and soft-power influence spreading to the east across what would become central New Veltorina, as well as down into the northwestern corner of modern Varshan. Čak Qozal came under the political domination of [[Anzo]] by the year 1 AD, and there are two conflicting stories regarding this change in status, both of which sometimes appear [[Varshani historiography|recorded by the same source]]. In the first version, a deity - sometimes the sun god, later the death god - appeared in the center of the city and left a crown similar to that worn by the ruler of Anzo. When the Anzo ruler (Zurg) came to the city next week, he was hailed as new lord of the city and it subjected himself to it. The second version has a number of variations but involves a {{wp|Moses}}-like story about an Anzo prince who was born in anonymity in Čak Qozal only to return later, become Zurg, and wage a heroic war against Čak Qozal in which the city ultimately fell. In any event, the entire territory that was once under Čak Qozal's influence war part of Varshan by the 1st century AD, and for the next milennia it would form the northernmost periphery of Varshani influence. The degree to which cultural changes occurred during this period is not known. The traditional Varshani history recounts that the people of Čak Qozal were as Varshani as the people from Anzo from the beginning of time, an account highly doubted by most modern Occidental historians. | ||
The eastern hinterlands and northern coastal region (referred to historians as the "periphery") were settled by the Quetzen people not long after they established a written culture and urban society in Quetzenkel, and the predecessor of the modern Quetzen language is recorded in this region as of the 1st century AD. The Quetzen settlement of the area varied over time. At times, nomadic tribes in the area served as tributaries of far-off Quetzen trade cities, and at other times direct settlement of the area occurred with the Quetzen people's furthest flung western cities being in the territory. Historians agree that the majority of the nomadic peoples living in the area were not Quetzen as of the 8th or 9th century AD but were significantly influenced by them, with Quetzen peoples only being in the easternmost fringe of this territory. The influence was such that the Quetzen language became the lingua franca of modern New Veltorina by the 12th century and was used as a trade language even in the city of Čak Qozal. | The eastern hinterlands and northern coastal region (referred to historians as the "periphery") were settled by the Quetzen people not long after they established a written culture and urban society in Quetzenkel, and the predecessor of the modern Quetzen language is recorded in this region as of the 1st century AD. The Quetzen settlement of the area varied over time. At times, nomadic tribes in the area served as tributaries of far-off Quetzen trade cities, and at other times direct settlement of the area occurred with the Quetzen people's furthest flung western cities being in the territory. Historians agree that the majority of the nomadic peoples living in the area were not Quetzen as of the 8th or 9th century AD but were significantly influenced by them, with Quetzen peoples only being in the easternmost fringe of this territory. The influence was such that the Quetzen language became the lingua franca of modern New Veltorina by the 12th century and was used as a trade language even in the city of Čak Qozal. | ||
[[File:Codex Borbonicus (p. 21).jpg|thumb|right|200px|A 16th-century Varshani depiction of the submission of Brudxaan.]] | |||
The periphery was [[Zurgite Varshan#Conquest_of_the_North|conquered by Varshan]] in [[1525]]. This region became a critical point which allowed Varshan to project its influence across the [[Nysdra Sea]] into [[Venua'tino]], greatly enriching Čak Qozal. The city became an important transshipment point for goods, soldiers, and slaves coming to and from the Varshani heartland to Venua'tino by means of coastal shipping. Čak Qozal thrived during this period, with significant construction occurring. In the 21st century, it is the best preserved example of an early modern Varshani city, escaping the destruction that devastated Varshani archeological prospects during the [[Final War of the Deluge]]. | The periphery was [[Zurgite Varshan#Conquest_of_the_North|conquered by Varshan]] in [[1525]]. This region became a critical point which allowed Varshan to project its influence across the [[Nysdra Sea]] into [[Venua'tino]], greatly enriching Čak Qozal. The city became an important transshipment point for goods, soldiers, and slaves coming to and from the Varshani heartland to Venua'tino by means of coastal shipping. Čak Qozal thrived during this period, with significant construction occurring. In the 21st century, it is the best preserved example of an early modern Varshani city, escaping the destruction that devastated Varshani archeological prospects during the [[Final War of the Deluge]]. | ||
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===The Diaspora and Cronan settlement=== | ===The Diaspora and Cronan settlement=== | ||
The conquest of [[Veltorina]] at the end of the [[First Great War]] brought to an end the independence of the nation-state of the [[Veltorine people]], a people native to northeastern [[Sarpedon]]. Their conquest by [[Caphiria]] led to a century of various efforts by the Veltorine people to reestablish their independence, both in their home territory and, later, abroad. The [[Veltorine government-in-exile]] supported efforts to reestablish Veltorine independence, while later movements such as the [[Veltorine_people#Life_Abroad_Movement|Life Abroad Movement]] and 21st century resettlements supported by [[Urcea]] sought to establish a new Veltorine state abroad. | The conquest of [[Veltorina]] at the end of the [[First Great War]] brought to an end the independence of the nation-state of the [[Veltorine people]], a people native to northeastern [[Sarpedon]]. Their conquest by [[Caphiria]] led to a century of various efforts by the Veltorine people to reestablish their independence, both in their home territory and, later, abroad. The [[Veltorine government-in-exile]] supported efforts to reestablish Veltorine independence, while later movements such as the [[Veltorine_people#Life_Abroad_Movement|Life Abroad Movement]] and 21st century resettlements supported by [[Urcea]] sought to establish a new Veltorine state abroad. | ||
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1985-021-09, Flüchtlinge.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Veltorines arriving in Brudxaan Province, 1971.]] | |||
The Quetzen acquisition of the Brudxaan Province (an area adjoining the [[Nysdra Sea]]) of [[Varshan]] in the 1960s had important societal effects both for Varshan and the conquering party, [[Quetzenkel]]. Occidentals with expertise were sought after by both countries to help modernize their economies and armed forces, and the Quetzen sought to supplement the local Quetzen population of Brudxaan with a non-Varshani population. Accordingly, both countries began to solicit the Life Abroad Movement (with the [[Caphiria]]n government serving as intermediary) to begin settling Veltorines in the area. Brudxaan, rather than Varshan, was the more popular destination of the Movement, though Varshan generally paid higher and offered unprecedented exemptions to Veltorine experts and consultants. Accordingly, a few Veltorines settled in Varshan's northwestern borderlands, but most agreed to relocate to Brudxaan. Veltorine settlers began to arrive in [[1971]]. In the first decade and a half of Veltorine settlement, Veltorines generally enjoyed specific legal protections and a prominence in society protected by the Quetzen state. In this period, the new arrivals served as technical experts, consultants, and advisors to Quetzenkel as it modernized its military and economy; many of the arrivals had been scientists, civil servants, and even military officers in [[Caphiria]], and accordingly they imparted on the Quetzen state a semi-Caphiric model of administration and organization of the military. The impact of the Veltorines within both Quetzen and Varshani society began to decline by the 1980s, as the highly sought after professionals began to age out or die; in their place, a well-cultured but poorly-educated second generation of Veltorines began to mature, most of whom taking positions as non-skilled laborers. Veltorines maintained their place in society, however, as waves of them from Sarpedon continued to arrive through the year [[1992]]. | The Quetzen acquisition of the Brudxaan Province (an area adjoining the [[Nysdra Sea]]) of [[Varshan]] in the 1960s had important societal effects both for Varshan and the conquering party, [[Quetzenkel]]. Occidentals with expertise were sought after by both countries to help modernize their economies and armed forces, and the Quetzen sought to supplement the local Quetzen population of Brudxaan with a non-Varshani population. Accordingly, both countries began to solicit the Life Abroad Movement (with the [[Caphiria]]n government serving as intermediary) to begin settling Veltorines in the area. Brudxaan, rather than Varshan, was the more popular destination of the Movement, though Varshan generally paid higher and offered unprecedented exemptions to Veltorine experts and consultants. Accordingly, a few Veltorines settled in Varshan's northwestern borderlands, but most agreed to relocate to Brudxaan. Veltorine settlers began to arrive in [[1971]]. In the first decade and a half of Veltorine settlement, Veltorines generally enjoyed specific legal protections and a prominence in society protected by the Quetzen state. In this period, the new arrivals served as technical experts, consultants, and advisors to Quetzenkel as it modernized its military and economy; many of the arrivals had been scientists, civil servants, and even military officers in [[Caphiria]], and accordingly they imparted on the Quetzen state a semi-Caphiric model of administration and organization of the military. The impact of the Veltorines within both Quetzen and Varshani society began to decline by the 1980s, as the highly sought after professionals began to age out or die; in their place, a well-cultured but poorly-educated second generation of Veltorines began to mature, most of whom taking positions as non-skilled laborers. Veltorines maintained their place in society, however, as waves of them from Sarpedon continued to arrive through the year [[1992]]. | ||
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{{Further|South Nysdra War|Cetsencalia}} | {{Further|South Nysdra War|Cetsencalia}} | ||
By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, the Veltorine people living in Brudxaan faced rapidly deteriorating material conditions and social position. Now in their second or even third generation, many Veltorines had become agricultural workers, soldiers, or other non-specialist positions which were of little use to the Quetzen people. As their utility and conditions declined, the Veltorines began to be the subject of scorn to the other Quetzen and indigenous peoples they lived alongside. For a time, the state was able to maintain order and prevent violence, intermittently making attempts to integrate the Veltorines into Quetzen society. Those efforts came to an end as [[Quetzenkel#21st_century|Quetzenkel descended into political chaos]]. Archchief Honau V's death in 2013 inaugurated the reign of Quetzen XXIII and a traditionalist regime, which began a crackdown on Veltorine civil rights. The Veltorines launched an insurrection aimed at seizing control of Brudxaan, becoming a combatant in the [[South Nysdra War]] now consuming Quetzenkel. A Veltorine assassin killed Quetzen XXIII in early [[2014]], plunging the country further into civil war and ending the ability of the Akwesasne government to project power into Brudxaan. By mid-[[2015]], the Veltorine militias were nominally in charge of the territory, but the coalition of Veltorine leaders began to fragment while facing indigenous guerillas. An inter-Veltorine civil war appeared likely in [[2016]] as the general Quetzen conflict intensified, but events would soon unfold such that a relatively unified Veltorine state would be established by the end of the year. | By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, the Veltorine people living in Brudxaan faced rapidly deteriorating material conditions and social position. Now in their second or even third generation, many Veltorines had become agricultural workers, soldiers, or other non-specialist positions which were of little use to the Quetzen people. As their utility and conditions declined, the Veltorines began to be the subject of scorn to the other Quetzen and indigenous peoples they lived alongside. For a time, the state was able to maintain order and prevent violence, intermittently making attempts to integrate the Veltorines into Quetzen society. Those efforts came to an end as [[Quetzenkel#21st_century|Quetzenkel descended into political chaos]]. Archchief Honau V's death in 2013 inaugurated the reign of Quetzen XXIII and a traditionalist regime, which began a crackdown on Veltorine civil rights. The Veltorines launched an insurrection aimed at seizing control of Brudxaan, becoming a combatant in the [[South Nysdra War]] now consuming Quetzenkel. A Veltorine assassin killed Quetzen XXIII in early [[2014]], plunging the country further into civil war and ending the ability of the Akwesasne government to project power into Brudxaan. By mid-[[2015]], the Veltorine militias were nominally in charge of the territory, but the coalition of Veltorine leaders began to fragment while facing indigenous guerillas. An inter-Veltorine civil war appeared likely in [[2016]] as the general Quetzen conflict intensified, but events would soon unfold such that a relatively unified Veltorine state would be established by the end of the year. | ||
[[File:Velt cets flag.png|thumb|right|200px|Urcean intervention in the [[South Nysdra War]] resulted in the establishment of the Principality of Cetsencalia (2019-21).]] | |||
[[Urcea]], following intense negotiations with [[Varshan]], began intervention in the South Nysdra War. The first phase of the intervention occurred relatively | [[Urcea]], following intense negotiations with [[Varshan]], began intervention in the South Nysdra War. The first phase of the intervention occurred relatively peaceably, with a de facto ceasefire in effect between retreating Quetzen forces and arriving [[Royal and Imperial Army (Urcea)|Royal and Imperial Army]] personnel. The Royal and Imperial Army established a broad security perimeter around the country and also stationed a large occupation force in Qozala largely to prevent ethnic violence. The Urcean government established a temporary rectory of Cetsencalia and then used the area as a staging ground to implement regime change in [[Quetzenkel]]. The new King, [[Telucti I]], recognized the partition of the country and ceded the western territories to Urcea. | ||
Urcea established a rectory government largely related to the military administration of the territory, but invested civilian authority immediately within the [[Cetsencalia#Veltorine_Social_Council|Veltorine Social Council]], the official body representing Veltorine interests within Urcea and Urcean territories since [[1984]]. The Council began to accelerate Veltorine resettlement into New Veltorina, beginning the major social distinction between [[New_Veltorina#Culture_and_society|feros and the Brudxi]]. The Council generally represented transfero culture, with its senior leaders being highly educated academics or business leaders who sought to shape the country in the image of countries such as [[Pelaxia]] and [[Cartadania]]. Between [[2016]] and [[2019]], a massive push for urbanization in the territory began, with a specific focus on creating Veltorine cities. Chief among these was New Taxades, the new administrative center of the territory. New Taxades became the site of significant investment and concentration of migration. Internally, many of the extant Brudxi population began to depart the agricultural sector and the city of Qozala for New Taxades and other new settlements, changing the demography of Qozala and the hinterlands into overwhelmingly indigenous areas. | Urcea established a rectory government largely related to the military administration of the territory, but invested civilian authority immediately within the [[Cetsencalia#Veltorine_Social_Council|Veltorine Social Council]], the official body representing Veltorine interests within Urcea and Urcean territories since [[1984]]. The Council began to accelerate Veltorine resettlement into New Veltorina, beginning the major social distinction between [[New_Veltorina#Culture_and_society|feros and the Brudxi]]. The Council generally represented transfero culture, with its senior leaders being highly educated academics or business leaders who sought to shape the country in the image of countries such as [[Pelaxia]] and [[Cartadania]]. Between [[2016]] and [[2019]], a massive push for urbanization in the territory began, with a specific focus on creating Veltorine cities. Chief among these was New Taxades, the new administrative center of the territory. New Taxades became the site of significant investment and concentration of migration. Internally, many of the extant Brudxi population began to depart the agricultural sector and the city of Qozala for New Taxades and other new settlements, changing the demography of Qozala and the hinterlands into overwhelmingly indigenous areas. | ||
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{{Further|Veltorine Popular Defense Committee|Veltorine Territories}} | {{Further|Veltorine Popular Defense Committee|Veltorine Territories}} | ||
The growth of Cetsencalia would be deeply interrupted by the 2020s. Following the beginning of hostilities between [[Urcea]] and [[Algoquona]] in late [[2020]], [[Varshan]] decided to attempt to end [[The Deluge|the Deluge]] completely and drive the Urceans out of [[Crona]]. On 15 April [[2021]], Varshan launched a [[Invasion of Cetsencalia|massive invasion]] - two army group equivalents - into Cetsencalia. The small military of the Principality as well as the limited number of Royal and Imperial Army forces that were in the country managed to slow the invasion, but by September Varshani forces took [[New Taxades]]. The Veltorine Social Council decided to capitulate, allegedly hoping that detaching themselves from loyalty to Urcea might save the overall Veltorine project. Varshan accepted the capitulation and relocated the Social Council to a city near [[Anzo]], using it as a collaborationist entity from then on. Varshan nominally reannexed the territory as the Brudxaan Province and began to build {{wp|concentration camps}} to manage the Veltorine population, while many more - especially those in the Principality's defense forces - were either killed outright or sold into slavery in Varshan. The experience of the nearly year-long occupation had the effect of radicalizing a significant portion of the Veltorine population against the indigenous Cronans and also caused, either directly or indirectly, the death of nearly a quarter of a million Veltorines. After initial concentration efforts were unsuccessful, Varshani forces began to indiscriminately enslave Veltorines. | The growth of Cetsencalia would be deeply interrupted by the 2020s. Following the beginning of hostilities between [[Urcea]] and [[Algoquona]] in late [[2020]], [[Varshan]] decided to attempt to end [[The Deluge|the Deluge]] completely and drive the Urceans out of [[Crona]]. On 15 April [[2021]], Varshan launched a [[Invasion of Cetsencalia|massive invasion]] - two army group equivalents - into Cetsencalia. The small military of the Principality as well as the limited number of Royal and Imperial Army forces that were in the country managed to slow the invasion, but by September Varshani forces took [[New Taxades]]. The Veltorine Social Council decided to capitulate, allegedly hoping that detaching themselves from loyalty to Urcea might save the overall Veltorine project. Varshan accepted the capitulation and relocated the Social Council to a city near [[Anzo]], using it as a collaborationist entity from then on. Varshan nominally reannexed the territory as the Brudxaan Province and began to build {{wp|concentration camps}} to manage the Veltorine population, while many more - especially those in the Principality's defense forces - were either killed outright or sold into slavery in Varshan. The experience of the nearly year-long occupation had the effect of radicalizing a significant portion of the Veltorine population against the indigenous Cronans and also caused, either directly or indirectly, the death of nearly a quarter of a million Veltorines. After initial concentration efforts were unsuccessful, Varshani forces began to indiscriminately enslave Veltorines. | ||
[[File:VPDC Flag.png|thumb|left|200px|The Flag of the Veltorine Popular Defense Committee, whose symbol would become the symbol of the New Veltorine state.]] | |||
The Varshani territory at the conclusion of the campaign was a roughly triangular shaped territory encompassing nearly all the southern border and reaching a point at the northern coastal region around New Taxades. Accordingly, many Veltorines fled the latter region just before it fell and crowded into refugee camps in the western Brudxaan peninsula. Qozala, though threatened by the Varshanis, was relieved by the Royal Navy and Royal Marine Corps. The Veltorine Social Council was discredited and the Urcean government reorganized the remaining parts of Cetsencalia it held. The peninsular region, as well as all other nominal parts of the country, were reorganized as the Rectory of the [[Veltorine Territories]]. The regions east of New Taxades were reoccupied by [[Quetzenkel]]. In both the free and occupied parts of the country, most Veltorines resisted the occupation and denounced the Social Council as traitors. The [[Veltorine Popular Defense Committee]] - formed in the latter stages of the invasion as a civilian militia - was organized as the primary armed resistance movement of the Veltorine people. It created regular military formations in the unoccupied territories, and in the occupied territories it began a resistance campaign which included sabotage, assassinations, and espionage. During the occupation, the VPDC became the primary social and political organizing body of the Veltorine people in what was Cetsencalia. Its leaders earned the respect of both the Veltorines and their foreign allies, many of whom fought on the front lines themselves. | The Varshani territory at the conclusion of the campaign was a roughly triangular shaped territory encompassing nearly all the southern border and reaching a point at the northern coastal region around New Taxades. Accordingly, many Veltorines fled the latter region just before it fell and crowded into refugee camps in the western Brudxaan peninsula. Qozala, though threatened by the Varshanis, was relieved by the Royal Navy and Royal Marine Corps. The Veltorine Social Council was discredited and the Urcean government reorganized the remaining parts of Cetsencalia it held. The peninsular region, as well as all other nominal parts of the country, were reorganized as the Rectory of the [[Veltorine Territories]]. The regions east of New Taxades were reoccupied by [[Quetzenkel]]. In both the free and occupied parts of the country, most Veltorines resisted the occupation and denounced the Social Council as traitors. The [[Veltorine Popular Defense Committee]] - formed in the latter stages of the invasion as a civilian militia - was organized as the primary armed resistance movement of the Veltorine people. It created regular military formations in the unoccupied territories, and in the occupied territories it began a resistance campaign which included sabotage, assassinations, and espionage. During the occupation, the VPDC became the primary social and political organizing body of the Veltorine people in what was Cetsencalia. Its leaders earned the respect of both the Veltorines and their foreign allies, many of whom fought on the front lines themselves. | ||