Mosquito War

The Mosquito War (Tierradorian: Gerráq le Mosqítan) was a conflict which lasted from November 13, 1965, to the Dalton Accords in Alstin on August 7, 1970. The conflict mostly took place in Istrenya, however spillovers in Malentina and parts of northern Tierrador occurred. It is considered to be the second of the four South Cronan Narco Wars and a pivotal point in Tierrador's participation in the Occidental Cold War. The war was fought between Tierrador, led by Pedro Gomez, and Istrenya, led by newly-implemented leader Woko'eli Koko. The war is widely considered as a Proxy war, and lasted four years and three months, officially ending in 1970, by ruling of the Dalton Accords. This war was one of the costliest and most negatively-influential wars in Tierradorian history, spawning several domestic movements by Tierradorian civilians.

Mosquito War
Part of the Occidental Cold War and the South Cronan Narco Wars
Date 13 November 1965 – 2 September 1970 Location Istrenya, Northern Tierrador, Songun Sea Result Stalemate No territory change Withdrawal of Tierradorian forces from Istrenya in late 1969 after the Dalton Accords Populist forces remain in power in Istrenya Start of the Istrenyan Refugee Crisis
Belligerents
Tierrador Ceylonia	Istrenya Supported by: Arcerion
Commanders and leaders
Gomez I Aphío A. Woderq Daniel W.K. Šaphiana Aldó Chavez Jaír Santos	Woko'eli Koko N'kojo Ankelik Kian Fleming Ted O'Gormley
Strength
Peak strength: (combat troops) 659,302 73,000	Peak strength: (combat troops) 483,900 114,913
Casualties and losses
Tierrador: 186,433 Ceylonia: 7,593	Istrenya: 95,388 Arcerion: 13,155

The Mosquito War was sparked by a longstanding territorial, economic, and political dispute between Tierrador and Istrenya over multiple reasons, including the presence of resource-rich border region known for its abundance of rare minerals and fertile land. The initial tensions dated back not very far, as Istrenya had come off defending their homeland from the NIPF, during the Istrenyan Crisis. Eventually, the Istrenyan government, which had been in major disputes with Gomez-led Tierrador, began authorizing military exercises within the Qalhéq Mountains, which marked the border between both nations. The Tierradorian government began accusing Istrenyan soldiers of regularly crossing into Tierrador and terrorizing small mountain villages. As diplomatic efforts failed to resolve the dispute, the situation escalated into a full-blown armed conflict. At the onset of the Mosquito War, there was widespread enthusiasm and support for the conflict among the Tierradorian population. The Tierradorian government successfully framed the war as a matter of national pride and territorial integrity. They employed effective propaganda campaigns, appealing to the patriotic sentiments of Tierrador's citizens. This initial surge in support was reflected in high levels of volunteer enlistment, public rallies, and expressions of solidarity with the military.

Eventually, as the war raged on, and the surprise involvement of Arcerion in the war in 1967, domestic popularity decreased for Tierradorians. The Tierrador Army advanced quite far into the Istrenyan homeland, taking around sixty-five percent of the nation. Istrenya’s response was the Benta Offensive, and while it was a tactical defeat for both Istrenya and Arcerion, it proved to be a strategic victory, as it began reducing the Tierradorian stranglehold on Istrenyan territory. This led to mass casualties on the Tierradorian side and caused domestic support for the war to dwindle. Over time, anti-war movements gained traction within Tierrador. These movements, led by the TPA, a group led by many concerned citizens, war veterans, and intellectuals, argued that the war caused ridiculously high amounts of unnecessary suffering, and that a peaceful resolution needed to be sought immediately, which were enforced by threats of violence from the TPA. The prolonged conflict also imposed a significant economic burden on Tierrador. The costs of financing the war, including funding the military, procuring weaponry, and maintaining infrastructure, began to strain the nation's economy. This led to tax hikes and reduced public spending on essential services.

As support dwindled, and international pressure from Alstin along with Levantine and Sarpedonian powers, Woqal Gomez I and Woko'eli Koko eventually met in Dalton, Alstin for the Dalton Accords, which was officially signed on June 7, 1970, and began the withdrawing of Tierradorian personnel from Istrenya, thus ending the war by September 2, 1970.

Background

Istrenyan Crisis

Istrenya had been the center of a violent civil crisis, which saw many indigenous groups from the rural areas attempt to take control of the political landscape and promote indigenous nationalism through a communist revolt. However, with the support of Arcerion, the Istrenyan Government quickly shut down the communist insurgents. Following the civil conflict, Populist leader A'kale Treo resigned from his position as President of Istrenya. Throughout his presidency, Istrenya maintained strong relations with Arcerion and Tierrador, and allowed both nations to assist the Populist Militia during the Istrenyan Crisis. However, in Treo's place, Malentine-born Woko'eli Koko was appointed. Koko was an severely outspoken critic of the Woqalate, most notably due to the policies of Woqal Gomez I which, in Treo's point of view, were seen as imperialistic and collectivist. In February 1964, Koko met with Gomez and Qaphenć Aphío A. Woderq in Taisgol to discuss the various political differences between the two nations. After the conference, it seemed as if the leaders came to an understanding of both nations' political standpoints. However, two months later, Koko officially severed ties with the Tierradorian Woqalate. This was a curveball to the Woqalate, as Istrenya also served as a strategic location for Arco-Tierradorian commerce and relations.

Illegal commerce and Šuhek Incident

For the majority of the 1964 calendar year, the rise of illegal commercial activity along the border of Tierrador and Istrenya was the cause for concern within both governments. Istrenyan state media accused the Woqalate of sponsoring illegal activity along the border, while Tierradorian outlets such as TNT and Tierrador Post claimed the opposite, accusing Koko and the Populist government of state-sponsored drug smuggling. It was proven that several categories of illegal narcotics, most notably Loa-originated copium, loreium, cocaine and amphetamines, however these were mostly from independent street gangs situated along the Qalhéq Mountains. Many consider this to be the root cause for the Mosquito War. Eventually, by mid-1965, the illegal commerce and ensuing conflicts escalated severely, leading to abnormally severe skirmishes along the Qalhéq border. The conflicts would become entwined with the South Cronan Narco Wars, with some scholars claiming these activities, along with the Akwachee War, as the beginning of the South Cronan Narco Wars.

The Šuhek Incident occurred in June 1965, and was considered the "final straw" for the Woqalate. The Qanačee Commerce Group, a Populist-funded paramilitary cartel, invaded the small Tierradorian exclave of Šuhek and held the residents of the town hostage for several months. The 1,500 residents of the small mountain community were confined to their homes for nearly four months, only being allowed outside for essential needs, such as food or medical needs. Two weeks later, the TDF's Mountain Patrol Authority swarmed into Šuhek and forced the QCG out.

More attacks took place from July to October 1965

War was declared in November 1965

Woderq didn’t want to invade Istrenya but Gomez did

Qangreč fought against it but the public was in favor so it was no use

Šaphiana's escalation

Following the death of Woderq in 1966, Woqal Gomez appointed Qangreč member Daniel W.K. Šaphiana as the Qaphenć of Tierrador. Unlike Woderq, who wished to only act in defense, Šaphiana was heavily against Koko and the Populist government. Gomez was more fond of Šaphiana’s approach to the war, as he was more open to new military strategies which soon proved effective throughout the war.

Tierradoran 1965 Invasion

1967 Tierradoran Offensive

Inconclusive, unable to close the IUZ Pocket

Arcer Involvement

Placeholder

Istrenyan Unoccupied Zone

Frontlines in 1967, prior to Arcer involvement.

Deployment of Arcer Forces

Counteroffensive

Arcer push to the mountains

Stalemate

1968 ish, Istrenyans really dropping the ball

Arcer Withdrawal and Dalton Accords

1969/1970

Dalton Accords

Main article: Dalton Accords

The Mosquito War upset the status quo in Southern Crona, as the conflict threatened to escalate into wider war in the Songun and spurred one of the largest refugee crises in Cronan history; Both facets made worse as the conflict ground to a statemate by the start 1969. As a result, the war served as a direct antecedent of the 1970 Dalton Accords, the impetus for the talks came when United Republic President Jonathan Harper invited both Gomez and Koko, as well as Arcer Prime Minister Kian Fleming to a summit at Joint Base Hudson-Livengood near Dalton, Daltonland to negotiate a final peace. The talks took place between 4 March and 26 May 1970. Ultimately, the talks succeeded, and all-belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Dalton on 7 June 1970.

The Dalton accords recognized the continued independence of Istrenya, which despite cultural and ethnic ties with Tierrador, remained largely under the influence and control of Arcerion due to the shared ownership of the Warrington Strait and economic ties dating back to the Occidental colonization of South Crona.