The first settlers in modern Faneria were the [[Fenni]], a pre-levantosarpedonic people who originally followed the coastlines around Levantia and settled along the freshwater coast of the [[Vandarch Sea]]. The Fenni were long thought to have been an early Celtic offshoot, but recent archeology has definitively proven that the Fenni were their own people group, diverging into tribes around northern Levantia from unclear stock, possibly a mix of [[Coscivian]] and proto-[[Finnic]] peoples. Some of the oldest Fenni remains discovered preserved in bogs and marshes additionally bore at least marginal common ancestry with [[Audonia|Audonian]] [[Tatrgr]] peoples, suggesting the Fenni may have been composed of several groups which intermixed early into the first settlement of the region they came to inhabit, though the causes behind this remain unclear.
'''Housing in Urcea''' is a vital sector in the [[Economy of Urcea|Urcean economy]], with housing development and adjacent activity comprising approximately a tenth of all economic activity as of 2020. Urceans have strong social views on housing and housing strongly relates to Urcea's view of itself and its relationship with both private property and {{wp|Catholic social teaching}}. Since the mid-20th century, [[Disurbanism|disurbanist approaches]] have been popular in [[Urcea]]. Much of Urcea's housing stock was constructed in the form of low density {{wp|suburban}} single family homes following the [[Second Great War]], although since the 1980s the priority has shifted to even lower-density exurban development due to both environmental and social concerns.
The Fenni arrived as hunters and fishers, and came to rely on the Vandarch and its tributary rivers heavily, developing rituals of burning their dead and pouring their ashes into rivers. These practices coincided with ancestral worship practices to form a polytheistic faith centered around freshwater, and as a result early Fenni settlements featured comparatively extensive earthworks as part of their settlements to both control access to the water bodies most settlements were based around as well as to provide defensive advantages. These would adapt into hillforts similar to those used by early Celtic and Gothic peoples, though Fenni architectural practices adopted more traits from Coscivian peoples whom they traded with across the [[Kilikas Sea]] and included stone walls long before other native Levantine peoples would begin to do so. This along with advanced ironworking allowed the richer Fenni societies in the Northern Vandarch Basin, who were more heavily integrated in early sea trade via Coscivian cultures, to weather waves of Gothic migration in the 10th-8th Centuries BC which destroyed the Fenni peoples living along the southern coast of the Vandarch. However, they were unable to similarly weather Celtic invaders who arrived from the east from the 8th-6th Centuries BC, leading to the northern Vandarch being overrun primarily by a Celtic tribe known as the [[Oestrynetes]]. Another major Celtic tribe, the Yetes, similarly invaded but were pushed further west by the Oestrynetes across the Ereglasian Isthmus into modern Gothica; similarly, the Leuomes and Alloverni who followed in the early 5th Century BC were forced to stall in the Eastern Vandarch Basin and scatter into the mountainous interior, respectively, although many of the Alloverni eventually made their way to the western coast of modern Faneria and became the early Sheafhainn people.
In [[Urcea]], housing policy issues are typically regulated by the [[Ministry_of_Administration_of_the_Realm_(Urcea)#Agency_for_Housing_Development|Agency for Housing Development]] outside of cities and the [[Ministry_of_Administration_of_the_Realm_(Urcea)#Agency_for_Urban_Development|Agency for Urban Development]] within cities. The Agency for Urban Development also works closely with the [[Ministry_of_Administration_of_the_Realm_(Urcea)#Agency_for_Royal_Public_Housing_and_Royal_Dormitory_Aid|Agency for Royal Public Housing and Royal Dormitory Aid]] to identify and develop new public housing opportunities.
Unlike the Goths, the Oestrynetes and Alloverni ruled over the Fenni statelets they conquered, with the Fenni language being extinguished and its religious practices absorbed into Celtic ones even as they adopted many practices such as writing and stoneworking. Already skilled ironworkers, they benefited greatly from trade with Coscivians, which lead to the discovery of steel (though at the time simply considered a 'hard iron') production in small quantities. This mixed culture varied greatly from the Celts forced into the mountains and remaining in the east, and came to be known as the first recognizably Fhainnin cultures, with many Gallic practices and [[Fhainnin civilization#Early Art|artistry]] underlaid by the practices of the first peoples they absorbed. Similarly to the late Fenni culture, the early Fhainnin were heavily invested in trade and working the land, creating a system of skirmish warfare mainly centered on vassalage rather than outright conquest. This served perfectly against the similar tactics of the other, less organized Celtic peoples, and allowed Fhainnin cultures to grow rapidly prior to the arrival of Latin ''exploratores''.
==History and overview==
===Enclosure===
{{wp|Enclosure}}, the process by which land held in common is transferred to private ownership (especially within the context of the {{wp|Feudal system}}) took place from approximately the end of the [[Saint's War]] in 1401 to the beginning of the [[Caroline Wars]] in 1740, during which time the vast majority of land held in common was enclosed for ownership. While much of the land was enclosed on behalf of local magnates, a great portion of it - especially following the weakening of the nobility during the [[Great Confessional War]] - was enclosed into relatively small parcels on behalf of the urban [[Social class in Urcea#Privilegiata|privilegiata]]. Unlike many other countries, however, anti-enclosure sentiments gained many successes in the period of the 17th century and onward. Balancing the various [[Social class in Urcea|social classes]] became an increasing concern to the [[Apostolic King of Urcea|Apostolic King]] and [[Government of Urcea|His Governments]] in the wake of the social upheavel of the Great Confessional War and subsequent [[History_of_Urcea_(1575-1798)#Gassavelian_integration_and_uprising|Gassavelian uprising]]. Accordingly, considerable amounts of common land began to be preserved beginning in 1620 onward, though these sentiments slowed rather than halted the process of enclosure. By 1740, further enclosure was prohibited by law, but conflicting and inconsistent land title deeds for enclosed lands existed, inaugurating more than two hundred years of legal disputes until land surveyance and commune reform efforts succeeded in [[Housing_in_Urcea#Proprietor_communes|in the 1950s]].
[[Great Levantia|Great Levantine]] traders and diplomats were aware of the Fhainnin states prior to the arrival of Latin troops to the Vandarch Basin immediately prior to the [[Gallian Wars]], but simply classified them as another Celtic tribe. Though Fhainnin peoples did not participate in the Gallic Confederation that fought against Great Levantia, several Legions invaded the eastern Vandarch and crushed the partly-Fennicised Leuomes only to be surprised by the well-fortified cities past the [[River Mor]]. While Latin troops initially had little trouble with Fhainnin forces fighting in the manner of most Celts, a local coalition under the King of Daingean, the largest Fhainnin state for much of the early modern history of the region, was able to form an army of mercenary Coscivian soldiers and local forces who defeated the 17th Legion decisively at the [[Battle of Kilglas]] in 20 AD, bringing an end to further attempts to invade the central and western Ninerivers. However, Latin rule would remain in former Leuomes territory until the (gothic invasions name here).
===Attitudes===
===Suburban rise and fall===
===Passage of the Family Living Act===
{{Main|Family Living Act of 2003}}
Next up: latinization in east ninerivers, introduction of christian missionaries, formation of daingean elective rulership, eleglass and first kmingdom+Gothic War
==Public housing==
Public housing in [[Urcea]] is generally overseen by the [[Ministry_of_Administration_of_the_Realm_(Urcea)#Agency_for_Royal_Public_Housing_and_Royal_Dormitory_Aid|Agency for Royal Public Housing and Royal Dormitory Aid]] or by provincial and local governments. Since the 1960s, the Agency has had specific policies for public housing, preferring to maintain single or multi-family rent controlled units within the same neighborhood within cities rather than {{wp|tower blocks}}. The general prohibition on tower blocks came about largely as both an ideological one as well as problems encountered in constructing them in the Urceopolis borough of [[Urceopolis_(City)#Campori|Campori]] following the [[Second Great War]]. The Agency is responsible for the general property maintenance of these facilities in conjunction with the occupants in the case of single family houses. Several "legacy" {{wp|tower blocks}} public housing projects exist as well, especially in and around [[Urceopolis (City)|Urceopolis]].
|Prince Ruaridh Màrtainn of Mhartainnvail inherits the titles of Connsmonann, Cheatharnaich, and Itheachan
|May 19, 1364
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|Rethys Màrtainn founds Kingdom of the Fhainn, enforces claim militarily in Vandarch Basin
|December 7, 1398
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|War
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|Cheatharnaich region annexed
|1398
|Connsmonann, Faneria
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|Itheachan region annexed
|1399
|Connsmonann, Faneria
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|Ceann a Torr region annexed
|1401
|Turlann, Faneria
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|Vandarch Basin completely controlled by Màrtainn dynasty, expansion east and north begins
|1471
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|Glean Bean, Glean Teilt regions annexed
|1471
|Gleathan, Faneria
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|Gwynmyr region annexed
|1474
|Gleathan, Faneria
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|Political
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|First Princes' War begins
|1519
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|War
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|Kurikilan Crusade begins
|1544
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|War
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|First Princes' War ends
|1545
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|War
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|Kurikilan crusade ends with the Sack of Kurikila after a 381-day siege
|1548
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|War
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|Second Princes' War begins
|1571
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|War
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|The Quintuple (Second Princes' War - series of five battles where the royal army crushes two enemy armies and breaks the siege of Teindun in a shattering victory
|1579
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|Second Princes' War ends
|1583
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|Dunlann Peasants' Refols
|1587
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|War
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|Gleathan Grand Vicariate formed from Blean Bean, Glean Teilt, and Gwynmyr Vicariates
|1601
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|Great Quake of 1664
|1664
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|1690 - Tundra Wars begin with invasion of Archdychy of Reothadt
Invasion of Lyukquar (Tundra Wars)
|1690
|Haibnelann, Faneria
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|War
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|Reothadt annexed
|1691
|Haibnelann, Faneria
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|Faneria declares war on the Grand Duchy of Lyukquar
|March 9, 1698
|Lyukquar, Faneria
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|War
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|Rih ______ dies, Sear Mari coronated
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|Reothadt reorganized into Vicariate of Haibne
|1702
|Haibnelann, Faneria
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|1703 lyukquar gov't falls, continued resistance fighting (Tundra Wars)
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|Treaty of _____
|1710
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|demarcated some borders along the deamhainns
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|Final Lyukquar holdouts crushed,
|June 3, 1712
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|1712 - First Kin War/Sutharine Succession Crisis begins - two of Banrih's triplets died in infancy, older family of prots that fled to Deric states pressed a claim with some vicar rebels and uppity newly-conquered Northern Lords plus mercenaries from the south
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|1717 - First Kin War/Sutharine Succession Crisis ends - Kingdom of Culfra collapses into smaller states due to their own crisis - this is where the first proposal for a Gaelic megastate came about; philosopher wrote a little on the state of the Gaelic world and it lay dormant for centuries. almost like a Modest Proposal with a little 'unless...?' at the end
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|1784 - Second Kin War begins - northern coast of modern times established, abusing shattered Culfran league
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|1793 - Second Kin War ends
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|1801 - Commonwealth of Fiannria (Kuhl modern) formed
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|1820-1823 - Third Kin War - Faneria takes most of the Vandarch's north coast from Fiannria, which will be a major sore spot for over a century and a half afterwards
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|Ceann a Rhydwel Governate (capital province) formed
|April 3, 1822
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|Rih Luthais Suthar-Màrtainn passes the country's first constitution, which includes a clause allowing suffrage for landed men, and agreed to allow voting for Vicars (switching the position to a local governor) by 1900 - now a constitutional monarchy with rubber stamp senate
|July 25, 1830
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|1856 - "Proposal for the Formation of Democratic Monarchism in the Lands of the Fhainn" - text that sparked republican movement, along with steam from Fiannrian republicanism - vicars as elected noble-blooded governors in a confederated nation with the monarch as a check rather than a despot
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|1887-1888 - Fourth Kin War - Disastrous fuckup by Fanerian army/Rih gets a royal family member killed and the main royal army outmaneuvered and captured, Fiannrians basically walk in, take their land back after 50+ years of generational change (basically right as assimilation is finishing up), and humiliating Faneria and especially the old guard
|February 18th, 1888 - August 13, 1888
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|1888 - 1888 Factory Riots in response to the rapid surrender as people lose their shit over the awful war loss, army cracks down which destroys public confidence
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|1900 - voting on vicars clause comes up, Rih Ruaridh ignores it and causes constitutional crisis
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|1903 - Rih Ruaridh replaces pro-democratization officials and ousts vicars who supported it to undermine his authority after 'agreeing' to allow voting for vicars, creating a demand from other vicars to reinstate bloodline seats for vicariates. Socialists and New Century Republicans begin setting up ad-hoc illegal elections in defiance of the Rih. Rih orders democratization leaders killed for treason. Riots and civil demonstrations begin.
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|Rih agrees to elections, has lobbying people arrested as soon as they leave
|December 30, 1905
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|King's train bombed on way to inspect navy at Sethsport, Civil War begins
|September 1906
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|major socialist party gathering butchered by Thronewatch troops; republicans lose a few members as well, not a setup
|November 1, 1906
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|Rihsport falls to Republican troops
|May 1907
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|1909 - civil war ends, Republicans overthrow Monarchists, Constitutionalists, and Socialists
|February 7, 1909
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|1921 - Nationals split from National (now Central) Republicans as a party
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|Great War
Lean Years
1966 - Bonn Hotel Bombing
Most [[Urcea|Urceans]] live in a {{wp|single family home}} or low-unit multi-family home according to surveys conducted over the course of the 2010s. Urcean society places a high value on home ownership, and private housing enjoys pride of place among types of housing in Urcea. As part of these efforts, the [[Ministry_of_Administration_of_the_Realm_(Urcea)#Agency_for_Royal_Public_Housing_and_Royal_Dormitory_Aid|Agency for Royal Public Housing and Royal Dormitory Aid]] provides subsidies to lower income families as part of the Royal Dormitory Aid program in order to encourage ownership.
June 3rd, 1983 - Nordskan Sea Flashes
===Urban===
====Single family====
====Multi family and apartments====
===Suburban===
{{wp|Suburban}} development was the primary form of housing development during the 20th century in [[Urcea]] and comprises a large plurality of the nation's housing stock. From the end of the [[Second Great War]] to the end of the century, government policy, economic factors, and social attitudes drove the creation of Urcea's suburbs. By the end of the century, suburban sprawl comprised most of [[The Valley (Urcea)|the Valley]], with relatively close together single family homes extending out from [[Urceopolis (City)|Urceopolis]] especially. Suburban development in other areas of the country also occurred but to a less sprawling extent given the population and relative population density of the [[Archduchy of Urceopolis]] and its surrounding provinces. Many social commentators by the 1980s had begun to grow concerned regarding suburban sprawl due to environmental concerns (including both waste and pollution) as well as social concerns, as many perceived a kind of isolation and alienation from the extended family and estate [[Culture_of_Urcea#Kinship|kinship groups]] on which Urcean society was traditionally organized. Suburban development began to wane during this time in favor of exurban development, which developed both due to public policy pressures and market forces interested in different models; this shift had the practical effect of causing massive disruption in Urcea's [[Economy_of_Urcea#Construction|construction industry]]. The [[Family Living Act of 2003]] essentially prohibited the construction of new, "core suburbs" and subsequent legislation has created large preservation areas around [[Urcea]] and particularly within [[The Valley (Urcea)|the Valley]]. The preservation areas, which not only preserve existing natural areas but also has properties and homes default to the government for demolition in the event of no property heir or in the event of foreclosure, has had the unintended effect of decreasing the Kingdom's housing stock according to many policy analysts and {{wp|Non-governmental organization|non-governmental organizations}}.
1992 - Vandarch Canal Crisis begins
===Exurban===
{{wp|Exurbs|Exurban}} development has comprised the large part of [[Urcea|Urcean]] real estate development since the mid-1980s reflecting increased distances from urban centers as well as changing social views.
1993 - Vandarch Canal Crisis ends
In [[2003]], the [[Concilium Daoni]] led by [[Michael Witte]] enacted the [[Family Living Act of 2003|Family Living Act]] (FLA), which establishes several rules governing the construction of multiple structures on a property by real estate developers intending to sell the land, known as {{wp|Subdivision (land)|subdivisions}}. Among other provisions, the FLA requires that contractors must first offer a condensed area within a development (intended to describe cul de sacs and other insular portions) to bidding by extended family groups before individually selling each house. In effect, this law has had the effect of making many portions of neighborhoods or even entire housing developments being comprised of related individuals. Since a considerable portion of Urcea's single-family housing stock has been constructed since 2003, the policy has had a large impact on Urcean housing and social relations, with many policy analysts calling the project a "major success" in restoring the proximity of extended families. Critics have said that the FLA has had the effect of artificially raising the price of homes and home ownership while suppressing housing stock and discouraging development.
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== Prehistory ==
== Antiquity ==
==== [[Gallian Wars]] ====
==== The Great Confederation ====
==== Christianization ====
== Eleglass' Kingdom ==
[[Eleglass of Cranwyrth]] first created the title of 'King of the Ninerivers' after his defeat of the Gothic overlords of the eastern Vandarch in the xxxth Century, but the title became largely irrelevant shortly after his death. As the title was elective in keeping with his method of attaining power through election to chiefdom of the city of [[Daingean]], it held little sway over much of modern Faneria. However, the First Kingdom's short span as a de facto authority did impart Eleglass' military governors established over portions of reclaimed land with the title of Princes, creating the foundation of what developed into a system of warring states which began to restrict trade and ossify into a parallel of southern Levantine serfdom.
==== [[Gothic War]] ====
== Principalities Era ==
==== The [[Great Plague]] (1347 to 1351) ====
====Urban town and country====
== Kingdom of the Fhainn ==
[[File:GlensFalls.jpeg|thumb|left|200px|Marchts, a small town in [[Hardinán]], exemplifies urban town and country design mostly utilizing older structures instead of new builds.]]
The primary design philosophy of exurban development in [[Urcea]] revolves around the notion of creating "urban town and country" (UTC), a design which has grown in frequency and popularity since the end of the 20th century. Though they existed prior to [[2003]], the [[Family Living Act of 2003]] introduced significant economic incentives for the design and construction of this style of development. Urban town and country design creates areas of moderate density housing, typically one to two blocks of {{wp|5-over-1}}s (or earlier mixed use structures) surrounding a {{wp|village green}}, {{wp|town square}}, or {{wp|roundabout}} park, surrounded by consistent low density housing with secluded cul de sacs and streets with large plots for homes separated by greenspaces and trees. This design is intended to allow individuals who can not own a home - either due to being short term transients to an area, lack of income, or some other reason - to live in rental units in and around the "central square" while simultaneously providing retail spaces - usually small businesses - in the central area. The "downtown area" is usually made up of several small retail outlets with restaurants in freestanding areas with parking, and this area is usually serviced by a [[Rail transportation in Urcea|rail-fed]] warehouse located on the periphery of town. Besides residential areas, churches schools, and libraries, and one to two large parking structures (depending on the size of the area) are intended to be constructed directly adjacent to the central square area for easy access to services by local residents. Since 2018 and 2019, most new UTCs are required to provide electric charging stations both in homes and in the public spaces, and many companies exist to transition existing UTC areas to electric compatibility on a large scale.
The Second Kingdom of the Ninerivers was founded in 1398
Most UTCs have only one or two major roads leading to the town square area, with small limited access urban neighborhood roads radiating outwards. The larger roads are typically multiple lanes in order to allow for commercial traffic to efficiently enter and exit the community. The major roads in UTCs typically lead to other UTCs or to highway access, while most of them also have a degree of access to {{wp|park and ride}}s and mass transit options. These transit options were enhanced with direct government subsidies to local public transit corporations with the Connectivity Act of 2012.
1364: Prince Ruaridh Màrtainn of Mhartainnvail inherits the titles of Connsmonann, Cheatharnaich, and Itheachan from an uncle and father killed in a hunting accident/skirmish/'highway robbery'; Initially a chance conglomeration of a few choice titles under a particularly lucky/skilled prince, who didn't particularly like the idea of having his territories not being contiguous; basically fumbled/scraped his way into a position where his only son could actually enforce a tentative claim to kingship
=== Founding Wars ===
Crown War (1398-1401)
Red Plains War (1411-1412)
===Proprietor communes===
Throughout [[Urcea]], small parts of land which escaped {{wp|enclosure}} exist. Efforts were made during the 19th and 20th century to create a stable legal framework for these entities to survive, and accordingly the distinction of a "proprietor commune" or PC exists within law. The creation of PCs was the result of massive land surveyance efforts conducted in the immediate wake of the [[Second Great War]] in the 1940s and 50s, as individuals living on ancestral communal land objected to encroaching real estate developers; the [[Government of Urcea]] issued a large number of charters for these lands in 1954. PCs are governed by the [[Consolidated_Laws_of_HMCM%27s_Kingdom_and_State#List_of_chapters|Alternative Housing Law]]. PCs are lands in which the title is held by a corporation consisting of all of the residents within it, and accordingly all lands under a corporate charter are owned in common. PCs can only be dissolved with a supermajority of members voting in favor. Most charters individually lay out the terms on which individuals and families can build structures within the commune, but most provide for an enforceable prohibition on trespassing, ensuring a kind of private property for homeowners. Charters also give the communes wide latitude to establish standards for structures within the PC while not totally exempting them from local and provincial zoning laws. In effect, PCs function in a similar manner to {{wp|home owners associations}} and collect fees. [[Levantine banking and finance|Banks]] are [[Family_Living_Act_of_2003#Protections_for_Proprietor_Communes|prohibited by law from discriminating against PCs]] and mortgages for individual homes are often assumed by the entire commune, who then levy the costs on the individual home resident.
Great Basin War (1421-1430)
[[Category: Urcea]]
[[Category: Culture of Urcea]]
1398: the Kingdom of the Fhainn proper is founded by Rih (King) Rethys Màrtainn, who immediately begins eating up smaller independent cities and minor noble holdings along with one or two serious wars against challengers to his claim of kingship, one of which he was by all rights assumed to be the loser against a coalition but won due to organizational and cavalry reforms, dumb luck in maneuvering, and catching enemy orders - 'perfect storm'
[[Category:IXWB]]
=== Early Expansion ===
[[Category: 2022 Award winning pages]]
Dunlann War (1458-1470)
1471: last major challenger to the throne in southern regions kneels, a few weaker principalities in the north remain but get swallowed up through marriage or outright invasion by 1500
1471: last major challenger to the throne in southern regions kneels, a few weaker principalities in the north remain but get swallowed up through marriage or outright invasion by 1500
1504-1508: War of the Foot, Penthrav conquered.
=== Instability and Princes' Wars ===
protestantism, electors not voting how royal family wanted
==== [[First Princes' War]] (1519-1545) ====
1519-1545: First Princes' War: a few kings (Caerls Màrtainn, Bronwyn Màrtainn, Rhys Wydd-Màrtainn) worth of fighting, and for their victory they end up with the authority to elect the King similar to the HLE's collegial electorate
the king who lost the war though continues on until 1557 and then he dies and his son presses hereditary claim, and while the vicars do elect him they say "shit let's not make a habit of this"
he reigns and the same thing happens on his (Cledwyn Wydd-Màrtainn) death maybe 1570 or so
except the vicars refuse and the second vicarial(?) war begins
1519-1545: First Princes' War: a few kings (Caerls Màrtainn, Bronwyn Màrtainn, Rhys Wydd-Màrtainn) worth of fighting, and for their victory they end up with the authority to elect the King similar to the HLE's collegial electorate
the king who lost the war though continues on until 1557 and then he dies and his son presses hereditary claim, and while the vicars do elect him they say "shit let's not make a habit of this"
he reigns and the same thing happens on his (Cledwyn Wydd-Màrtainn) death maybe 1570 or so
except the vicars refuse and the second vicarial(?) war begins
==== Kurikilan Crusade (1544-1548) ====
==== Second Princes' War (1571-1583) ====
1571-1583: Second Prince's War: this second one is very bloody and just an overall mess, whole dynastic noble local families are wiped out, at least one king (Conan Wydd-Màrtainn, Ruaridh Sutharlan, Banrih (Queen) Cailean Suthar-Màrtainn) of fhanrrenenoit4hlwtf is killed in battle; it ends in a brokered peace; the king's election will continue, but the vicars will also be elected by local nobles, and since so many local families died, the right to appoint new local nobility reverts to the King (Donan Sutharlan-Màrtainn), who begins to solely grant lifetime peerages, i.e., no hereditary succession for the local holdings. typically he will continue to appoint from one family, but they now remain local to the crown - while the king could appoint hereditary nobility, none do because that's a stupid move, and so the local nobles (appointed by the king) begin electing as vicar basically anyone the king wants to keep their power in the family - this allows titles to be sold by the crown, too
this system continues until the 1690s when the kings (Sean Suthar-Màrtainn) begin to realize hey, we can just buy off the still remaining hereditary local lords
==== Great Dunlann Peasants' Revolt (1587) ====
foundation of modern royal state, throneswatch founded, made absolute monarchy (see discord)
=== Recovery and Northern Campaigns ===
[[Scapan War]] (1602)
Coast War(?) (1650s, Vith)
Great Quake 1664
[[Tundra Wars]] (1690-1712)
=== Sutharine Succession Crisis/[[First Kin War]] (1712-1717) ===
Okay, so... I have the Sutharine Succession Crisis in 1712-1717, which devolved into a war that maybe became the First Kin War
Sear Mari Suthar-Màrtainn had twins that both died, prompting a power grab as she'd ceded the throne for the firstborn and it was argued she couldn't renege on that, so either the Barh-Màrtainns or the Wydd-Màrtainns, who were a smaller family in the Deric states, pressed a claim
but it also results in the collapse of the Kingdom of Culfra as it devolves into a League as either none of the lords/factions across the HLE could come to a final agreement or all the heirs apparent for the factions died
this is where the first proposal for a Gaelic megastate came about; philosopher wrote a little on the state of the Gaelic world and it lay dormant for centuries. almost like a Modest Proposal with a little 'unless...?' at the end - Donnaghuan O'Clerryswyck
a 'vicar' is a kind of viceroy administrator of what end up being the provinces (originally the inherited territories), streamlining national administration somewhat but also decentralizing power as the kingdom grew
1364: Prince Ruaridh Màrtainn of Mhartainnvail inherits the titles of Connsmonann, Cheatharnaich, and Itheachan from an uncle and father killed in a hunting accident/skirmish/'highway robbery'; Initially a chance conglomeration of a few choice titles under a particularly lucky/skilled prince, who didn't particularly like the idea of having his territories not being contiguous; basically fumbled/scraped his way into a position where his only son could actually enforce a tentative claim to kingship
by 1760 or so something like, i don't know, 87% of eligible nobility voting for the vicar have been appointed by the king (Cywir Suthar-Màrtainn). so what you have in place is kind of a centralist monarchy with a nominal election system that is really just trading favors with prominent families
so the Vicariate, once a powerful institution, is basically a succession rubber stamp by that 1760 date - essentially reduced from local princes to appointed governors
This is all about on track with what I'm thinking, as by 1775 there should be no more direct ties between officers and their noble status, at least in terms of laws banning commoners or reserving positions. in practice most officers will still be educated nobles
And to note, the previous culture across both major ethnicities was very much family-focused, organicist, and morally absolutist, which should heavily clash with a wave of actualism, mathematicism, and maybe even finitism (the idea of a non-omnipitent God) creating a philosophical rift between the gentry and the growing educated middle class
[[Saelish Partition]] (1745)
== High Royal Era ==
==== [[West Vandarch War]] (1771-1773) (maybe alter time slightly) ====
==== [[Second Kin War]] (1784-93) ====
Second war is the reign of Cywir Suthar-Màrtainn, let's have that be then the northern coast of Faneria is secured/the borders are adjusted or clarified
it can be Fhainns drawing some lines as the League fails to properly organize against them, leading to further frustration that will results in the Commonwealth of Fiannria being formed in 1801 so like a decade or so prior is good... this war happens, 1793, frustration with the peace agreement, failures of leadership, food shortages and rising prices leads to the slow and painful collapse of the league as the Culfran Lanns (states) stop cooperating and infighting breaks out
Faneria annexes Saelish rump state (Sorhaithe)
==== [[Third Kin War]] (1820-1823) ====
=== The Long Peace (?) ===
==== The First Constitution (1830) ====
-shift of Fhainnlannachaeran from an absolute to a constitutional monarchy in 1830, when Rih Luthais Suthar-Màrtainn chose to put a clause in the new constitution which would force the Throne to address the issue of allowing the suffrage of landed male voters for Vicarial seats in 1900. In the immediate term, the document allowed local officials to be elected, but Vicars remained an appointed rank rather than elected.
-also banned serfdom in the remaining feudal regions in Lyukquar and reformed the administration into a semicentralized government, removing the last technical attachment of Vicars to olf feudal lines, but in practice leaving the same families in power at least until elections were supposed to begin
in the 1850s or so there should be a pretty large reform movement saying yes, the monarchy is great, but we should expand who can vote for the vicar besides local royal appointees - every property owning male, perhaps. which obviously every royalist says no to, but this idea of a "Liberal Vicariate" basically becomes a major political fixation and for a couple years it's "yes, but what if the vicariate also had power to do X", "yes, but what if they could also do Y, have oversight of Z, etc" - The main rub being nobody could agree on exactly how to work out what the vicars or a theoretical representative government (at the time still a fringe movement) would work in particular, as you'd have constitutional monarchists mixing with radicals and even a few revanchist wanting the old vicar's crown electorate back, but the liberal vicariate idea remains the "respectable" liberal opposition idea
==== Republicanism in Faneria ====
==== [[Fourth Kin War]] (1887-1888) ====
==== Teindun Riots (1888) ====
==== [[Boreal War]] (1999-1902) ====
the 1860s and 70s saw a dramatic rise in lower class and middle class movements
i don't know if you're familiar with how the french revolution went down ca 1787/1788
but convening the estates general was viewed as a panacea, a solution to all problems
but consequently meant different things to different people
As you'd have constitutional monarchists mixing with radicals and even a few revanchist wanting the old vicar's crown electorate back
here the liberal vicariate is that idea
and a lot of self interested rich locals could say "what if we just made it like how it was in the 1500s"
Constitutional Crisis of 1903: when writing constitution in 1829-1830, Rih (king) Luthais Suthar-Màrtainn agreed to put off the issue of extending the franchise to male landed voters for their local Vicars, because he was a liberal twit but not that liberal. In 1900, the issue was brought up at its due-by date and Rih Ruaridh Suthar-Màrtainn delayed and delayed because nobody else in the royal family ever wanted that, he was young and impressionable, and those rights would landslide into a massive loss of royal authority. He delays until trying to amend that part of the constitution out entirely in 1903, which launches massive protest before he concedes in late 1905. The Vicars demand their positions be secured by bloodline again to prevent retaliatory appointments (which were already occuring at that point), while other people are clamoring for industrial regulation, Constitutionalists are demanding all-male suffrage to elect Vicars, and Cananach's republican radicals are demanding the creation of a senate and the loss of the king's right to declare wars and levy taxes along with elected vicars. The Socialists want an abolished monarchy entirely. Ruaridh decides it's easier to just have the representatives the Vicariates sent to court hung for treason, and then orders the Socialist and Cananach + his inner circle rooted out and shot, because he's like 19 and his folks urge him to. He gets bombed, civil war commences.
== Fhainnin Civil War ==
==== 1903 Constitutional Crisis ====
1906, one of the reformist factions finally managed to blow up the king (Ruaridh Sutharlan) and a couple key throne supporters at once, which kicked off a civil war between socialist, monarchist, and republican factions, with the republicans and socialists allying and said socialists immediately getting shanked in the back
maybe the direct reason for the bombing of the king in 1906 is after a year and a half of major tumult, riots, etc, he finally decides to concede but only on the original point of landed male suffrage for the vicars, and when the vicars get together and say "we would like to also have authority over X, Y, and Z" - he says no, which is the breaking point for most radicals
''1906, one of the reformist factions finally managed to blow up the king (Ruaridh Sutharlan) and a couple key throne supporters at once, which kicked off a civil war between socialist, monarchist, and republican factions''
with the republicans and socialist allying and said socialists immediately getting shanked in the back
maybe the direct reason for the bombing of the king in 1906 is
after a year and a half of major tumult, riots, etc, he finally decides to concede but only on the original point of landed male suffrage for the vicars
and when the vicars get together and say "we would like to also have authority over X, Y, and Z"
he says no
which is the breaking point for most radicals
== Fhainnin Popular Republic (1906-1917) ==
== Republic of the Fhainn ==
== Decline and Militarism ==
- Military particularly invested in theory of perpetual Revolution (sacred mission of the nation to destroy monarchism and imperialism globally - excepting Gaelic imperialism in pursuit of that goal)
- militarists after Cananach's death be
The militarists seized on Cananach's tenders to the Fiannrian government on the formation of a new, Gaelic federation and extrapolated from there to justify their own varying goals. Many of these were 'merely' Pan-Gaelic enthusiasts inspired by the doctrines of liberation and brotherhood expounded by early Republican thinkers; however, a variety of industrial profiteers, race-supremacists, and most pivotally the large revanchist groups in the country formed what was initially a loose coalition of factions within the National Assembly. The possibility of a new war with Fiannria had been on the table up until Cananach's round refusal of the idea in 1921, with the military buildup of the era intended as a bulwark against foreign aggression.
== Second Great War (1935-1942) ==
==== The Deric Run ====
==== Invasion of Fiannria ====
==== Late War ====
== Postwar Era ==
Immediately after the events of the Rose Revolution and the signing of the peace treaty, Faneria's interim government was forced to face what would later become termed the 'four horsemen of the Republic' - a series of social and political issues which had to be resolved before any real continuation of . These consisted of lingering militarist members of government and generals eager to erase the resurgent liberal government, regional separatism in the Transisthmus and [[Lyukquar|Leucwar]], the functional challenges that had allowed the takeover of the Popular Republic after Cananach's death, and both the immediate and long-term sociopolitical and economic consequences of the war.
==== Leucine Rebellion (1942-1945) ====
Though separatist movements existed outside of Leucwar, the northern regions were directly impacted by the loss of territories aquired after the Boreal War and were invigorated by the reconquest of protestant territories by [[Caergwynn]]. Partially due to Caeric support, Leucine nationalists launched a local rebellion and declared independence, murdering the provincial governor and initiating a three-year civil conflict which the army violently put down.
==== Government Reform and the Republic of the Fhainn ====
A purge of the upper echelons of the military was undertaken, with a number of trials for prominent militarist-wing military brass performed from 1942-1946 under the auspices of Burgundine intermediaries (Urcean oversight of any postwar trials having been a sticking point in peace negotiations, whereas the Burgundines had next to no direct conflict with Fhainnin forces outside of Fiannrian volunteer groups). In total, eleven officials, generals, and government functionaries of the _______ government were hanged, two shot after failing to qualify as war criminals while being convicted of treason, and thousands fired or shuffled into positions of impotence to cripple the Militarist wing of the Republican Party. Additionally, hasty efforts to alter state symbiology were made, rebranding the Popular Republic as the Republic of the Fhainn as part of a constitutional reform which formalized a number of amendments passed and subsequently ignored in the 1930s intended to finish the period of reforms initiated under Cananach. In doing so, the new government silently claimed to be the end state of Cananachan reforms, restoring damaged legal institutions and ending the 'tutelary state' phase of government propaganda.\
The defunct [[ARSG]] was disbanded, with ethnic nationalism being quietly phased out of curricula in favor of civic nationalism which redefined Fhainnin nationalism as a linguistic, pluralistic identity rather than a racial one. This shut out the Pan-Gaelic movement from the heights of government and would quickly lead to violence from [[GaelWind]], a former gang used by ______'s faction to undermine the liberal wings of the Republican Party prior to the Second Great War.
==== Corruption and Economic Stagnation ====
==== Fhainnin-Fiannrian Reconciliation ====
==== The Grand Vandarch Canal ====
== Economic Revival ==
==== Military Reforms ====
==== The [[Grand Vandarch Canal|Vandarch Canal]] ====
==== Anti-Corruption Campaigns and Feawyr Era ====
==== The Technocratic State ====
== International Resurgence ==
==== International Cooperation ====
==== [[Vandarch Canal Crisis]] (1992) ====
==== The 21st Century ====
==== Cronan Interventions ====
{{Template:Faneria}}
[[Category:History]]
Revision as of 11:25, 13 July 2023
This article is a work-in-progress because it is incomplete and pending further input from an author. Note: The contents of this article are not considered canonical and may be inaccurate. Please comment on this article's talk page to share your input, comments and questions.
Housing in Urcea is a vital sector in the Urcean economy, with housing development and adjacent activity comprising approximately a tenth of all economic activity as of 2020. Urceans have strong social views on housing and housing strongly relates to Urcea's view of itself and its relationship with both private property and Catholic social teaching. Since the mid-20th century, disurbanist approaches have been popular in Urcea. Much of Urcea's housing stock was constructed in the form of low density suburban single family homes following the Second Great War, although since the 1980s the priority has shifted to even lower-density exurban development due to both environmental and social concerns.
Enclosure, the process by which land held in common is transferred to private ownership (especially within the context of the Feudal system) took place from approximately the end of the Saint's War in 1401 to the beginning of the Caroline Wars in 1740, during which time the vast majority of land held in common was enclosed for ownership. While much of the land was enclosed on behalf of local magnates, a great portion of it - especially following the weakening of the nobility during the Great Confessional War - was enclosed into relatively small parcels on behalf of the urban privilegiata. Unlike many other countries, however, anti-enclosure sentiments gained many successes in the period of the 17th century and onward. Balancing the various social classes became an increasing concern to the Apostolic King and His Governments in the wake of the social upheavel of the Great Confessional War and subsequent Gassavelian uprising. Accordingly, considerable amounts of common land began to be preserved beginning in 1620 onward, though these sentiments slowed rather than halted the process of enclosure. By 1740, further enclosure was prohibited by law, but conflicting and inconsistent land title deeds for enclosed lands existed, inaugurating more than two hundred years of legal disputes until land surveyance and commune reform efforts succeeded in in the 1950s.
Public housing in Urcea is generally overseen by the Agency for Royal Public Housing and Royal Dormitory Aid or by provincial and local governments. Since the 1960s, the Agency has had specific policies for public housing, preferring to maintain single or multi-family rent controlled units within the same neighborhood within cities rather than tower blocks. The general prohibition on tower blocks came about largely as both an ideological one as well as problems encountered in constructing them in the Urceopolis borough of Campori following the Second Great War. The Agency is responsible for the general property maintenance of these facilities in conjunction with the occupants in the case of single family houses. Several "legacy" tower blocks public housing projects exist as well, especially in and around Urceopolis.
Private housing
Most Urceans live in a single family home or low-unit multi-family home according to surveys conducted over the course of the 2010s. Urcean society places a high value on home ownership, and private housing enjoys pride of place among types of housing in Urcea. As part of these efforts, the Agency for Royal Public Housing and Royal Dormitory Aid provides subsidies to lower income families as part of the Royal Dormitory Aid program in order to encourage ownership.
Urban
Single family
Multi family and apartments
Suburban
Suburban development was the primary form of housing development during the 20th century in Urcea and comprises a large plurality of the nation's housing stock. From the end of the Second Great War to the end of the century, government policy, economic factors, and social attitudes drove the creation of Urcea's suburbs. By the end of the century, suburban sprawl comprised most of the Valley, with relatively close together single family homes extending out from Urceopolis especially. Suburban development in other areas of the country also occurred but to a less sprawling extent given the population and relative population density of the Archduchy of Urceopolis and its surrounding provinces. Many social commentators by the 1980s had begun to grow concerned regarding suburban sprawl due to environmental concerns (including both waste and pollution) as well as social concerns, as many perceived a kind of isolation and alienation from the extended family and estate kinship groups on which Urcean society was traditionally organized. Suburban development began to wane during this time in favor of exurban development, which developed both due to public policy pressures and market forces interested in different models; this shift had the practical effect of causing massive disruption in Urcea's construction industry. The Family Living Act of 2003 essentially prohibited the construction of new, "core suburbs" and subsequent legislation has created large preservation areas around Urcea and particularly within the Valley. The preservation areas, which not only preserve existing natural areas but also has properties and homes default to the government for demolition in the event of no property heir or in the event of foreclosure, has had the unintended effect of decreasing the Kingdom's housing stock according to many policy analysts and non-governmental organizations.
Exurban
Exurban development has comprised the large part of Urcean real estate development since the mid-1980s reflecting increased distances from urban centers as well as changing social views.
In 2003, the Concilium Daoni led by Michael Witte enacted the Family Living Act (FLA), which establishes several rules governing the construction of multiple structures on a property by real estate developers intending to sell the land, known as subdivisions. Among other provisions, the FLA requires that contractors must first offer a condensed area within a development (intended to describe cul de sacs and other insular portions) to bidding by extended family groups before individually selling each house. In effect, this law has had the effect of making many portions of neighborhoods or even entire housing developments being comprised of related individuals. Since a considerable portion of Urcea's single-family housing stock has been constructed since 2003, the policy has had a large impact on Urcean housing and social relations, with many policy analysts calling the project a "major success" in restoring the proximity of extended families. Critics have said that the FLA has had the effect of artificially raising the price of homes and home ownership while suppressing housing stock and discouraging development.
Urban town and country
Marchts, a small town in Hardinán, exemplifies urban town and country design mostly utilizing older structures instead of new builds.
The primary design philosophy of exurban development in Urcea revolves around the notion of creating "urban town and country" (UTC), a design which has grown in frequency and popularity since the end of the 20th century. Though they existed prior to 2003, the Family Living Act of 2003 introduced significant economic incentives for the design and construction of this style of development. Urban town and country design creates areas of moderate density housing, typically one to two blocks of 5-over-1s (or earlier mixed use structures) surrounding a village green, town square, or roundabout park, surrounded by consistent low density housing with secluded cul de sacs and streets with large plots for homes separated by greenspaces and trees. This design is intended to allow individuals who can not own a home - either due to being short term transients to an area, lack of income, or some other reason - to live in rental units in and around the "central square" while simultaneously providing retail spaces - usually small businesses - in the central area. The "downtown area" is usually made up of several small retail outlets with restaurants in freestanding areas with parking, and this area is usually serviced by a rail-fed warehouse located on the periphery of town. Besides residential areas, churches schools, and libraries, and one to two large parking structures (depending on the size of the area) are intended to be constructed directly adjacent to the central square area for easy access to services by local residents. Since 2018 and 2019, most new UTCs are required to provide electric charging stations both in homes and in the public spaces, and many companies exist to transition existing UTC areas to electric compatibility on a large scale.
Most UTCs have only one or two major roads leading to the town square area, with small limited access urban neighborhood roads radiating outwards. The larger roads are typically multiple lanes in order to allow for commercial traffic to efficiently enter and exit the community. The major roads in UTCs typically lead to other UTCs or to highway access, while most of them also have a degree of access to park and rides and mass transit options. These transit options were enhanced with direct government subsidies to local public transit corporations with the Connectivity Act of 2012.
Proprietor communes
Throughout Urcea, small parts of land which escaped enclosure exist. Efforts were made during the 19th and 20th century to create a stable legal framework for these entities to survive, and accordingly the distinction of a "proprietor commune" or PC exists within law. The creation of PCs was the result of massive land surveyance efforts conducted in the immediate wake of the Second Great War in the 1940s and 50s, as individuals living on ancestral communal land objected to encroaching real estate developers; the Government of Urcea issued a large number of charters for these lands in 1954. PCs are governed by the Alternative Housing Law. PCs are lands in which the title is held by a corporation consisting of all of the residents within it, and accordingly all lands under a corporate charter are owned in common. PCs can only be dissolved with a supermajority of members voting in favor. Most charters individually lay out the terms on which individuals and families can build structures within the commune, but most provide for an enforceable prohibition on trespassing, ensuring a kind of private property for homeowners. Charters also give the communes wide latitude to establish standards for structures within the PC while not totally exempting them from local and provincial zoning laws. In effect, PCs function in a similar manner to home owners associations and collect fees. Banks are prohibited by law from discriminating against PCs and mortgages for individual homes are often assumed by the entire commune, who then levy the costs on the individual home resident.
