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Great Schism of 1615: Difference between revisions
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The '''Great Schism of 1615''', also known as the '''Great Schism''', the '''Caphiric Schism''', and the '''Great Occidental Schism''', was a split within the [[Catholic Church]] lasting from 1615 to 2017 in which the [[Caphiric Church|Caphiric Catholic Church]] broke away from the authority of the [[Pope]] and the [[Catholic Church]]. The schism was the culmination of theological and political differences developed during the preceding centuries between the wider Catholic community and Caphiria and the Imperators who sought to take advantage of the emerging [[Great Confessional War|Protestant Revolt]] in the early 16th century. These events were part of the wider Occidental Reformation, a religious and political movement that affected the practice of Christianity in the Occidental world. | The '''Great Schism of 1615''', also known as the '''Great Schism''', the '''Caphiric Schism''', and the '''Great Occidental Schism''', was a split within the [[Catholic Church]] lasting from 1615 to 2017 in which the [[Caphiric Church|Caphiric Catholic Church]] broke away from the authority of the [[Pope]] and the [[Catholic Church]]. The schism was the culmination of theological and political differences developed during the preceding centuries between the wider Catholic community and Caphiria and the Imperators who sought to take advantage of the emerging [[Great Confessional War|Protestant Revolt]] in the early 16th century. These events were part of the wider Occidental Reformation, a religious and political movement that affected the practice of Christianity in the Occidental world. | ||
During the late 15th century, the relationship between the Imperators of Caphiria and the | During the late 15th century, the relationship between the Imperators of Caphiria and the [[Pope]] began to decline. The Church became dependent on the tithes and prestige of the Caphiric Church due to the [[Great Confessional War|ongoing economic and demographic turmoil in Levantia]]. The power dynamic began to shift in Caphiria's favor, who took advantage of ecclesiastical division and the Pope's focus on crushing Protestantism to increase imperial authority. On 11 December 1615, Pius XII took the title ''pontifex maximus'' by acclimation of Caphirian bishops and formally broke communion with the Catholic Church. | ||
This schism would last over 400 years until 2017, when the [[Eight Points Agreement]] was signed by the Imperator and Pope, facilitating the restoration of full communion and the preservation of the Caphiric church's autonomy and spiritual patrimony. The Agreement also formally erected the Caphiric Church as a particular church within Catholicism with its own canon law set and unique liturgical rite. | This schism would last over 400 years until 2017, when the [[Eight Points Agreement]] was signed by the Imperator and Pope, facilitating the restoration of full communion and the preservation of the Caphiric church's autonomy and spiritual patrimony. The Agreement also formally erected the Caphiric Church as a particular church within Catholicism with its own canon law set and unique liturgical rite. | ||
== | ==Background== | ||
The Great Schism of 1615 occurred within the context of the rise of the [[Third Imperium]]. Unlike its two classical predecessors, the Third Imperium established towards the end of the Medieval period saw a significant consolidation of power within the person of the [[Imperator]]. Various republican institutions and cultural expectations which curtailed the rise of Imperial authority no longer existed following the collapse of the Second Imperium. Within this new system, the Imperators began to seek influence over the [[Catholic Church]] in Caphiria, the predominant social and moral institution of its day and the only part of Caphiric society beyond the control of the government. The rulers of the Third Imperium began to find the political confidence to demand increased autonomy beginning in the mid-1400s, and soon the {{wp|Protestant Reformation}} and the disastrous effects it would have on [[Levantia]] provided the Imperium with opportunities to pursue greater control. | |||
===Oath of Allegiance=== | ===Oath of Allegiance=== | ||
With the [[Great Confessional War]] in [[Levantia]] intensifying, the sitting [[Imperator]], XXX, began to leverage Caphiria's increasingly important position in the Church for additional concessions. The Imperator again petitioned the [[Pope]] - now temporarily displaced from [[Urceopolis (City)|Urceopolis]] - for the right of {{wp|lay investiture}}, stating that "in this time of heresy and war...the allegiance of the clerics of the republic to the authority of the state...is absolutely vital." {{wp|Pope Paul IV}} sent a diplomatic but forceful rejection of this request in [[1557]], leading to a flurry of letters between the {{wp|Roman Curia|Curia}} and Patriarch of Venceia which set the Church on the verge of schism. In 1559, Paul IV died and was replaced by {{wp|Pope Pius IV}}, an experienced diplomat. While the Levantine war raged, Pius viewed religious unity in [[Sarpedon]] as his top diplomatic priority, and in early [[1560]] he proposed a compromise option which would require all clerics in [[Caphiria]] to swear an oath of allegiance to the [[Imperator]]. This compromise suited both parties and was formally issued at the end of summer, 1560. While the compromise had the practical effect of retaining Caphiria within the [[Catholic Church]] at a moment of significant weakness for the Papacy, it had the practical effect of entrenching the Imperator at the top of the moral hierarchy within the country. Scholars are divided on its lasting impact on the coming Great Schism, with the traditional position being that priests were already more loyal to [[Venceia]] than Urceopolis by 1615. Modern scholarship has suggested that the oath of allegiance had no practical effect on the decision of individual priests and bishops to follow Venceia or Urceopolis following the schism, with underlying political and social concerns for each individual man playing a greater role according to their own letters and journals. | With the [[Great Confessional War]] in [[Levantia]] intensifying, the sitting [[Imperator]], XXX, began to leverage Caphiria's increasingly important position in the Church for additional concessions. The Imperator again petitioned the [[Pope]] - now temporarily displaced from [[Urceopolis (City)|Urceopolis]] - for the right of {{wp|lay investiture}}, stating that "in this time of heresy and war...the allegiance of the clerics of the republic to the authority of the state...is absolutely vital." {{wp|Pope Paul IV}} sent a diplomatic but forceful rejection of this request in [[1557]], leading to a flurry of letters between the {{wp|Roman Curia|Curia}} and Patriarch of Venceia which set the Church on the verge of schism. In 1559, Paul IV died and was replaced by {{wp|Pope Pius IV}}, an experienced diplomat. While the Levantine war raged, Pius viewed religious unity in [[Sarpedon]] as his top diplomatic priority, and in early [[1560]] he proposed a compromise option which would require all clerics in [[Caphiria]] to swear an oath of allegiance to the [[Imperator]]. This compromise suited both parties and was formally issued at the end of summer, 1560. While the compromise had the practical effect of retaining Caphiria within the [[Catholic Church]] at a moment of significant weakness for the Papacy, it had the practical effect of entrenching the Imperator at the top of the moral hierarchy within the country. Scholars are divided on its lasting impact on the coming Great Schism, with the traditional position being that priests were already more loyal to [[Venceia]] than Urceopolis by 1615. Modern scholarship has suggested that the oath of allegiance had no practical effect on the decision of individual priests and bishops to follow Venceia or Urceopolis following the schism, with underlying political and social concerns for each individual man playing a greater role according to their own letters and journals. | ||
==Differences underlying the schism== | ===Differences underlying the schism=== | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
==Aftermath== | ==Aftermath== | ||