Leukahippoi and Royal and Imperial Army (Urcea): Difference between pages

From IxWiki
(Difference between pages)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
mNo edit summary
 
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{WIP}}
{{wip}}
 
{{Infobox military unit
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = The Southern Band
| unit_name = Royal and Imperial Army
| native_name = *An Bann Theas (Fhasen)
| image = royal and imperial army.png
*Εταιρεία λευκέπποί (Istroyan)
| caption = Emblem of the Royal and Imperial Army
| image = File:The Battle of Nicopolis.jpg
| image_size = 150px
| image_size =
| dates = 1098 - present
| alt =
| country = {{flag|Urcea}}
| caption = Leukahippoi 'First Line' cavalry engage Hafvassid (?) scouts, c. xxxx
| type = {{wp|Army}}
| dates = <!-- or | start_date = | end_date = -->
| role = {{wp|Ground warfare|Land warfare}}
| disbanded =
| size = 4,071,512 regular personnel<br>4,490,798 reservists
| country = <!-- or | countries = -->
| command_structure = [[Armed Forces of the Apostolic Kingdom of Urcea]]
| allegiance = Mercenary
| garrison =  
| branch =
| garrison_label =  
| type = Mixed Cavalry
| nickname =  
| role = <!-- or | specialization = -->
| patron = [[Riordan VIII]]
*Cavalry-on-cavalry combat
*Skirmishing
| size = up to 7,500 (1233 AD)
| command_structure =
| nickname =
| patron =
| motto =  
| motto =  
| colors = <!-- or | colours = -->
| colours =  
| colors_label = <!-- or | colours_label = -->
| colours_label =  
| march =
| march =  
| mascot =
| mascot =  
| anniversaries =
| equipment =  
| equipment =
| equipment_label =  
| equipment_label =
| battles =  
| battles =
| anniversaries =  
| battles_label =
| decorations =  
| decorations =
| battle_honours = <!-- Commanders -->
| battle_honours =
| website =  
| battle_honours_label =
| commander1 = [[Livio Iarnán]]
| flying_hours =
| commander1_label = [[Procurator|Magister Militum]]
| website =
| commander2 =  
<!-- Commanders -->
| commander2_label =  
| current_commander =
| commander1 =
| commander1_label =
| commander2 =
| commander2_label =
| commander3 =
| commander3 =
| commander3_label =
| commander3_label =  
| commander4 =
| notable_commanders = <!-- Insignia -->
| commander4_label =
| identification_symbol =  
| commander5 =
| identification_symbol_label =  
| commander5_label =
| identification_symbol_2 =  
| commander6 =
| identification_symbol_2_label =  
| commander6_label =
| identification_symbol_3 =  
| commander7 =
| identification_symbol_3_label =  
| commander7_label =
| start_date = [[1591]]
| commander8 =
| commander8_label =
| commander9 =
| commander9_label =
| notable_commanders =
<!-- Insignia -->
| identification_symbol =
| identification_symbol_label =
| identification_symbol_2 =
| identification_symbol_2_label =
| identification_symbol_3 =
| identification_symbol_3_label =
| identification_symbol_4 =
| identification_symbol_4_label =
| identification_symbol_5 =
| identification_symbol_5_label =
| identification_symbol_6 =
| identification_symbol_6_label =
}}
}}
The '''Leukahippoi Company''', also known as '''White Riders''' or '''The Southern Band''', were a mercenary Gaelic force primarily from [[Faneria]] and [[Caergwynn]] which served in [[Sarpedon]] from the late Seventh Century AD to the early 1400s. Their primary name, an Istroyan word, is derived both for their preferred use of white warhorses and their white shields, the latter of which were adopted from the Leukaspides, a short-lived mercenary pike unit itself named for a type of ancient Istroyan phalanx. The Leukahippoi were originally a single large mercenary company until 1286, after which they split into several companies of the same name, with many of their number being Istroyans or Latins rather than ethnic Gaels. By 1350, the breakaway groups had either renamed or been destroyed or assimilated into native armies, with the original Leukahippoi Company being reduced to a strength of about a thousand men, only two hundred of which were Gaelic.


Leukahippoi preferred long-endurance warhorses capable of evading heavier armored knights, and were armed with bows, short spears which could be used as javelins, and swords. They commonly adopted the crossbow in the 1200s, with armament becoming less standard over time, including sabers and lances depending on individual preference. Armor was typically light, with helmets, breastplates and possibly lamellar plates over the thighs being the norm, though the 'first line' of the company was equipped with full plate and sabers to repel light cavalry or to allow for the lighter Leukahippoi to disengage from knights is needed. This template was returned through triumphant and rich veterans to modern Faneria, further developing the idea of the Ardceiternn, a class of professional, versatile cavalry. The original concept was created after Fhainnin mercenaries, already skilled in archery and serving under Mithrandates of Teleftapolis, accepted payment for a campaign in the form of a number of warhorses, after which they adopted hit-and-run tactics they themselves had been battered by fighting against Islamic forces at the Battle of ______. Initially, their adoption of such tactics was lackluster, with a veteran core of survivors later proving themselves against other Istroyan forces and integrating heavier armor and professional men-at-arms into their numbers, creating a mixed force.
The '''Royal and Imperial Army''' is the principal land warfare force of [[Urcea]], a part of [[Armed Forces of the Apostolic Kingdom of Urcea]]. In the 2010s, the Royal and Imperial Army was comprised of just over four million active personnel with a similar number of enrolled {{wp|Army reserve|reservists}}.
==Origins in Levantia==
 
==Migration to Sarpedon==
The modern Army traces its history back to [[1591]] upon establishment of a {{wp|standing army}} by [[Leo III, Emperor of the Levantines|King Leo II]]. The term ''Royal and Imperial Army'' was used whenever the [[Apostolic King of Urcea]] also held the title [[Emperor of the Levantines]], and has been the permanent name of the force since the [[Treaty of Corcra]] due to an ongoing [[Empire-in-fact|legal fiction tying Urcea to the Empire]]. Members of the Royal and Imperial Army swear allegiance to the [[Apostolic King of Urcea|monarch]] as their commander-in-chief, though precedents established during the [[Aedanicad]] and before invest most authority with the [[Procurator]], who holds the title of [[Ranks_in_the_Urcean_Armed_Forces|''Magister Militum'']]. The army is administered by the [[Ministry of the Armed Services (Urcea)|Ministry for the Armed Services]] and commanded by the Deputy Lord Marshal for the Army.
The Band was enticed to travel to Sarpedon in 898 by King Mithrandates the Weak of Teleftapolis (Istroyan: τελευταίπόλη), who offered a number of warhorses in exchange for service in a losing conflict against Islamic invaders. While numerous other companies had turned down the offer, the Southern Band had been out of work for some time after minor rebellions in the formerly Gothic northeastern [[Vandarch]], and considered the opportunity to procure horses and sell them back home extremely valuable given the dearth of warhorses in modern [[Faneria]]. Their service at this time is unclear, but the Band travelled to Sarpedon, received their payment, and Mithrandates the Weak survived the war only to drive his kingdom into utter ruin and annexation by the Hafvassid Emirate a decade later. However, the Band was unable to secure travel back to western Faneria and from there to the Vandarch Basin due to Islamic raids, particularly as they were noted as enemies of the {{wp|Ummah}} by the Caliph in 904.
 
The Royal and Imperial Army has seen action in major wars between the world's great powers, most especially including the [[Second Great War]]. The strength of the armies in the [[Caroline Wars]] allowed [[Urcea]] to become the preeminent military and geopolitical power in [[Levantia]]. Since the end of the [[Occidental Cold War]] and beginning of [[The Deluge]], the Army has primarily been involved in both offensive and peacekeeping operations throughout northern [[Crona]] and [[Cusinaut]].
 
==Name==
==History==
===Premodern Army===
===18th century organizational changes===
===19th century reform impacts===
===Rising and division===
The Royal Army went under the name "Regal Army" during the time of the [[Crown Regency]] (1889-1902). This period, where no [[Apostolic King of Urcea]] sat on the throne and [[Gréagóir FitzRex]] ruled as regent saw the Army assume greater control over the authority of the state; for this reason, it is commonly referred to as the [[History_of_Urcea_(1798-1902)#Rise_of_the_Rifled_State|"Rifled State"]]. The "military privilegiata" - a subset of career officers from the [[Social_class_in_Urcea#Privilegiata_2|privilegiata class]] - served as a rulign class during this period, being both FitzRex's primary supporters as well as implements of his will. [[P.G.W. Gelema]] commented that "there was no separation...between the military privilegiata and the Regency...it was a state administered by them for their benefit." Accordingly, the Regal Army participated in several acts of political suppression against regime opponents in the near decade and a half of regency.
 
Despite the near ubiquitous support for the regime among the higher ranking officers of the Regal Army, support for the regime was limited at best among the lower ranking officers and enlisted personnel. As of 1895, the vast majority of the enlisted men of the Regal Army was comprised of [[Social_class_in_Urcea#Freeman_2|freemen]], who felt no fondness for and extracted no benefit from the Rifled State. Although the Army remained united through the very earliest months of the [['97 Rising]] - namely July and August - widespread discontentment filled the army as guerilla engagements increased in regularity toward late summer. On 2 October 1897, the 4th Highlanders regiment - a regiment from [[South Ionia]] - voted 1,702 - 8 to defect from the Regal Army and declare their allegiance to [[Patrick III of Urcea|Patrick de Weluta]]. Their [[Ranks_in_the_Urcean_Armed_Forces#Senior_Officers|Práfati]] subsequently ordered the white flag raised on their position close to guerilla lines, subsequently being greeted by the militia with applause. The 4th Highlanders were the first unit of the Regal Army to defect, setting a precedent followed by more than fifty other regiments in October 1897. After "defection October", high command cracked down on votes being held within any unit and recalled many officers whose loyalty were in question. Despite this, units would defect in a trickle throughout the war, although units responsible for fighting non-Urcean forces typically remained loyal to the Regal Army out of a sense of national obligation.
 
In December 1897, a command structure for the defected units was established known as the Army of Legitimate Governance, also known as the Legitimist Army. The Legitimist Army fell under the nominal command of retired [[Ranks_in_the_Urcean_Armed_Forces#Field,_Flag_and_Staff_Officers|Lecáti Princeps]] Car Ermano, though Ermano was largely a figurehead due to his advanced age and physical disability. Division-sized formations were established at this time. Throughout much of 1898 and 1899, the divisions operated largely autonomously, with three "primary" groups being observed: "seconded" forces, or those who chose to put themselves under joint forces command of [[Burgoignesc]] leaders; "defensive" forces, divisions and regiments only focused on defending their home provinces from Regal authority, and; "independent" forces, those which operated in an offensive capacity against the Regal Army but in no clear organized way. [[Patrick III of Urcea|Patrick de Weluta]] was given significant oversight of the Legitimist Army in March 1899, although his role remained that of civilian controller of the military rather than as military leader. on 4 October, Ermano died. Patrick, in consultation with the senior division leaders of the Army, appointed Lecáti Sean Domeo as Commanding General, promoting him to Lecáti Princeps. Domeo, with the support of Patrick, began to reorganize the Legitimist Army. The "Legitimist Front", the name for the unorganized various pro-[[National Pact (Urcea)|National Pact]] and pro-Welute militias, were folded into the Legitimist Army as [[Royal Army Volunteers (Urcea)|Royal Army Volunteer]] "regiments", although the actual organized sizes of these forces varied greatly. Domeo also established a set of {{wp|Corps#Operational_formation|corps}} of three division commands and a varied number of "volunteer regiments", with senior division commanders in each grouping assuming corps command. From 1899 through the end of the war in 1902, corps remained the largest units of the Legitimist Army, and at its peak in mid-1902 the Army fielded eight corps. The focus on corps established the modern convention of corps as the basic unit of the Royal and Imperial Army. Once the war ended and [[House de Weluta]] was restored, the command apparatus of the Legitimist Army became the new hierarchy of the restored Royal Army. Many units of the Regal Army were incorporated wholesale, but full units who fought under the banner of the Regency were gradually mustered out over the next four years. Soldiers and officers who fought for the Regency were generally subjects of discrimination, and by [[1909]] all former Regal Army personnel were no longer in service.
 
===Creation of the modern army===
====Anivania expedition====
 
===Cold War and Deluge army===
 
==Organization==
===Planning===
===Army Components===
===Army commands and army service component commands===
===Structure===
{{Template:Urcean military units}}
The Royal and Imperial Army consists of three primary components: the regular army, the reserve army, and the Royal Army Volunteers.
 
The base deployable formation of the army is the {{wp|Corps#Operational_formation|corps}}, although mission-specific smaller formations are easily adapted depending on the need. Specifically, due to the various garrison, occupation, patrol, and other responsibilities the Army has in [[Crona]], Army forces under the jurisdiction of the [[Armed_Forces_of_the_Apostolic_Kingdom_of_Urcea#Far_Western_Command_(WES-COM)|Far Western Command (WES-COM)]] are traditionally organized on a {{wp|regiment}}al basis.
====Volunteers====
{{Main|Royal Army Volunteers (Urcea)}}
The Royal Army Volunteers are a component of the Royal and Imperial Army that fields "volunteer" - i.e. non-professional - units, mostly during wartime. Though separately organized than the Royal and Imperial Army and with a mostly breveted officer corps, the Royal Army Volunteers functionally serve as the method through which the nation's {{wp|Military reserve|reserve}} component is organized for military service. Members of the Royal Army Volunteers are paid by the [[Government_of_Urcea#Subdivisions|subdivisions]] of Urcea, who are responsible for organizing the units. Units organized through the Royal Army Volunteers are almost always {{wp|regiment|regimental}} in size and are placed under the command of the Royal and Imperial Army after they are mustered, retrained for a month, and federalized. Unlike service in the Royal and Imperial Army, members of the Royal Army Volunteers term of service are typically three years or the conclusion of an armed conflict, whichever is earlier.  
 
The Volunteers, once the bulk of Urcean manpower during several of the [[Caroline Wars]] and beyond, have been largely rendered unnecessary by the increase in size of the regular army, though they were mobilized twice in the modern era - during the [[Second Great War]] and during the [[Final War of the Deluge]].
 
===Combat maneuver organizations===
===Special operations forces===
==Personnel==
===Recruitment and commission===
===Officers===
===Warrant officers===
===Enlisted personnel===
==Equipment==
{{Main|List of equipment of the Armed Forces of Urcea}}
===Uniforms===
==See also==
*[[Ranks in the Urcean Armed Forces]]


The Band was severely reduced in number, and quickly adopted the practice of using horses themselves, finding they could match the range of Audonian-style cavalry archers but could not control the pace or flow of engagement, leading to later speculation that the settled peace with the Hafvassids had been pyrrhic for the mercenaries. They fought for roughly a decade as skirmishers before being reinforced with Istroyan volunteers and new adventurers from Levantia, being paid to alleviate the port city of Kressos from siege by the same Hafvassid troops they had previously fought. This time, they proved more capable of fighting in a skirmish role, burning camps and destroying a cavalry contingent before participating on the right flank of a pitched battle between city levies, other mercenaries, and the Hafvassid infantry. After the successful rout, the Band absorbed the survivors of a mercenary pike company called the Leukaspides, who were themselves nearly totally wiped out in the battle due to a last-ditch gamble by the opposing general. It was this point at which the Band first was referred to as the Leukahippoi, taking up the white sun iconography of the Leukaspides and later generally using plain white on their shields and white ribbons on their persons, in addition to altering their banner to a white bow on a black field, intentionally closely mimicking the crescent symbols used by Muslim armies.
[[Category: Urcea]]
==Crusades==
[[Category: Armed Forces of Urcea]]
==Later Service==
[[Category:History]]
[[Category:Military]]
[[Category:Faneria]]
[[Category:IXWB]]
[[Category:IXWB]]
[[Category:Military units]]
[[Category: Military]]

Revision as of 14:45, 19 April 2023

Royal and Imperial Army
Emblem of the Royal and Imperial Army
Founded1591
Country Urcea
TypeArmy
RoleLand warfare
Size4,071,512 regular personnel
4,490,798 reservists
Part ofArmed Forces of the Apostolic Kingdom of Urcea
PatronRiordan VIII
Commanders
Magister MilitumLivio Iarnán

The Royal and Imperial Army is the principal land warfare force of Urcea, a part of Armed Forces of the Apostolic Kingdom of Urcea. In the 2010s, the Royal and Imperial Army was comprised of just over four million active personnel with a similar number of enrolled reservists.

The modern Army traces its history back to 1591 upon establishment of a standing army by King Leo II. The term Royal and Imperial Army was used whenever the Apostolic King of Urcea also held the title Emperor of the Levantines, and has been the permanent name of the force since the Treaty of Corcra due to an ongoing legal fiction tying Urcea to the Empire. Members of the Royal and Imperial Army swear allegiance to the monarch as their commander-in-chief, though precedents established during the Aedanicad and before invest most authority with the Procurator, who holds the title of Magister Militum. The army is administered by the Ministry for the Armed Services and commanded by the Deputy Lord Marshal for the Army.

The Royal and Imperial Army has seen action in major wars between the world's great powers, most especially including the Second Great War. The strength of the armies in the Caroline Wars allowed Urcea to become the preeminent military and geopolitical power in Levantia. Since the end of the Occidental Cold War and beginning of The Deluge, the Army has primarily been involved in both offensive and peacekeeping operations throughout northern Crona and Cusinaut.

Name

History

Premodern Army

18th century organizational changes

19th century reform impacts

Rising and division

The Royal Army went under the name "Regal Army" during the time of the Crown Regency (1889-1902). This period, where no Apostolic King of Urcea sat on the throne and Gréagóir FitzRex ruled as regent saw the Army assume greater control over the authority of the state; for this reason, it is commonly referred to as the "Rifled State". The "military privilegiata" - a subset of career officers from the privilegiata class - served as a rulign class during this period, being both FitzRex's primary supporters as well as implements of his will. P.G.W. Gelema commented that "there was no separation...between the military privilegiata and the Regency...it was a state administered by them for their benefit." Accordingly, the Regal Army participated in several acts of political suppression against regime opponents in the near decade and a half of regency.

Despite the near ubiquitous support for the regime among the higher ranking officers of the Regal Army, support for the regime was limited at best among the lower ranking officers and enlisted personnel. As of 1895, the vast majority of the enlisted men of the Regal Army was comprised of freemen, who felt no fondness for and extracted no benefit from the Rifled State. Although the Army remained united through the very earliest months of the '97 Rising - namely July and August - widespread discontentment filled the army as guerilla engagements increased in regularity toward late summer. On 2 October 1897, the 4th Highlanders regiment - a regiment from South Ionia - voted 1,702 - 8 to defect from the Regal Army and declare their allegiance to Patrick de Weluta. Their Práfati subsequently ordered the white flag raised on their position close to guerilla lines, subsequently being greeted by the militia with applause. The 4th Highlanders were the first unit of the Regal Army to defect, setting a precedent followed by more than fifty other regiments in October 1897. After "defection October", high command cracked down on votes being held within any unit and recalled many officers whose loyalty were in question. Despite this, units would defect in a trickle throughout the war, although units responsible for fighting non-Urcean forces typically remained loyal to the Regal Army out of a sense of national obligation.

In December 1897, a command structure for the defected units was established known as the Army of Legitimate Governance, also known as the Legitimist Army. The Legitimist Army fell under the nominal command of retired Lecáti Princeps Car Ermano, though Ermano was largely a figurehead due to his advanced age and physical disability. Division-sized formations were established at this time. Throughout much of 1898 and 1899, the divisions operated largely autonomously, with three "primary" groups being observed: "seconded" forces, or those who chose to put themselves under joint forces command of Burgoignesc leaders; "defensive" forces, divisions and regiments only focused on defending their home provinces from Regal authority, and; "independent" forces, those which operated in an offensive capacity against the Regal Army but in no clear organized way. Patrick de Weluta was given significant oversight of the Legitimist Army in March 1899, although his role remained that of civilian controller of the military rather than as military leader. on 4 October, Ermano died. Patrick, in consultation with the senior division leaders of the Army, appointed Lecáti Sean Domeo as Commanding General, promoting him to Lecáti Princeps. Domeo, with the support of Patrick, began to reorganize the Legitimist Army. The "Legitimist Front", the name for the unorganized various pro-National Pact and pro-Welute militias, were folded into the Legitimist Army as Royal Army Volunteer "regiments", although the actual organized sizes of these forces varied greatly. Domeo also established a set of corps of three division commands and a varied number of "volunteer regiments", with senior division commanders in each grouping assuming corps command. From 1899 through the end of the war in 1902, corps remained the largest units of the Legitimist Army, and at its peak in mid-1902 the Army fielded eight corps. The focus on corps established the modern convention of corps as the basic unit of the Royal and Imperial Army. Once the war ended and House de Weluta was restored, the command apparatus of the Legitimist Army became the new hierarchy of the restored Royal Army. Many units of the Regal Army were incorporated wholesale, but full units who fought under the banner of the Regency were gradually mustered out over the next four years. Soldiers and officers who fought for the Regency were generally subjects of discrimination, and by 1909 all former Regal Army personnel were no longer in service.

Creation of the modern army

Anivania expedition

Cold War and Deluge army

Organization

Planning

Army Components

Army commands and army service component commands

Structure

Urcean Military organization
Typical units Typical numbers Typical commander
Fireteam 3 Staff Corporal/
Staff Sergeant
Squad 10 Legionary Sergeant/
Legionary Sergeant 1st Class/
Triánei
Platoon 30 Decáni/
Eptéi
Century 100-150 Ceannaturiaí
Cohort 300-800 Tribení
Regiment 1,600-2,400 Práfati
Brigade 3,000-5,000 Práfati Senior
Division 10,000-15,000 Práfati Princeps
Corps 20,000-45,000 Lecáti Junior
Field Army 90,000-250,000 Lecáti
Army group 2+ armies Lecáti
Region /
Theater
4+ army groups Lecáti Princeps

The Royal and Imperial Army consists of three primary components: the regular army, the reserve army, and the Royal Army Volunteers.

The base deployable formation of the army is the corps, although mission-specific smaller formations are easily adapted depending on the need. Specifically, due to the various garrison, occupation, patrol, and other responsibilities the Army has in Crona, Army forces under the jurisdiction of the Far Western Command (WES-COM) are traditionally organized on a regimental basis.

Volunteers

The Royal Army Volunteers are a component of the Royal and Imperial Army that fields "volunteer" - i.e. non-professional - units, mostly during wartime. Though separately organized than the Royal and Imperial Army and with a mostly breveted officer corps, the Royal Army Volunteers functionally serve as the method through which the nation's reserve component is organized for military service. Members of the Royal Army Volunteers are paid by the subdivisions of Urcea, who are responsible for organizing the units. Units organized through the Royal Army Volunteers are almost always regimental in size and are placed under the command of the Royal and Imperial Army after they are mustered, retrained for a month, and federalized. Unlike service in the Royal and Imperial Army, members of the Royal Army Volunteers term of service are typically three years or the conclusion of an armed conflict, whichever is earlier.

The Volunteers, once the bulk of Urcean manpower during several of the Caroline Wars and beyond, have been largely rendered unnecessary by the increase in size of the regular army, though they were mobilized twice in the modern era - during the Second Great War and during the Final War of the Deluge.

Combat maneuver organizations

Special operations forces

Personnel

Recruitment and commission

Officers

Warrant officers

Enlisted personnel

Equipment

Uniforms

See also