Cuisine of Pelaxia and Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom: Difference between pages

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[[File:Bocau de tortiella de xamón.jpg|thumb|right|Tortilla and ham sandwich]]
{{Infobox country
'''Pelaxian cuisine''' is described as a cultural blending of [[Vallosi cuisine|Vallosi]] and Caphirian influences, within the wide scope of tropical agricultural products that are abundant in the country. Pelaxian annual personal consumption of [[beef]] has averaged 100kg and 300kg for poultry. Social gatherings are commonly centered on sharing a meal. Invitations to have dinner at home is generally viewed as a symbol of friendship, warmth, and integration. Sunday family lunch is considered the most significant meal of the week, whose highlights often include "picadas" or “chicken and chorizo”.
| native_name            =
| conventional_long_name = Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom
| common_name            = Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom
| era                    = Antiquity
| status                =
| event_start            =
| year_start            = 590 BC
| date_start            =
| event1                =
| date_event1            =
| event_end              =
| year_end              = 150 BC
| date_end              =
| image_flag            =
| flag_type              =
| image_coat            =
| image_map              = [[File:Extent of the Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom.png|290px|Extent of the Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom at its height. Four most notable cities marked on the map.]]
| map_width              =
| image_map_caption      =
| capital                = Abdinion <br/> Kenopatrida<br/>
| common_languages      = Istroyan <br/> Aciriano<br/> Montanaro<br />
| religion              = [[Twelve Theousians|Ancient Istroyan religion]]<br/>[[Ancient Acirian religion]]<br/>
| government_type        = Monarchy
| leader1                = Alketadas (first)
| year_leader1          = 590 BC - 568 BC
| leader2                = Aulecus (last)
| year_leader2          = 168 BC - 150 BC
| title_leader          = King
| legislature            =
| stat_area1            =
| today                  = [[Aciria]]
| ref_area1              =
| stat_year1            =
| coa_size              =
| symbol_type            =
}}
The '''Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom''', also known as '''Abdinia''' or '''Kenopatria''', was an [[Ancient Istroyan civilization|Istroyan]] kingdom covering a large area in the northwestern regions of modern day [[Aciria]]. It was founded somewhere in the 6th century BC, and Istroyan culture continued to flourish on specific islands until the 1st century BC before being eventually assimilated into the [[Aciriani people|Marinai]] people.


The influence of Pelaxia's spice trade from Vallos is also notable, especially in the wide variety of spices used. These spices include piri piri (small, fiery chili peppers), white pepper, black pepper, saffron, paprika, clove, allspice, cumin, cinnamon and nutmeg are used in meat, fish or multiple savoury dishes from Continental Pelaxia and the Jusonian Islands. Cinnamon, vanilla, lemon zest, orange zest, aniseed, clove and allspice are used in many traditional desserts and some savoury dishes. Garlic and onions are widely used, as are herbs, such as bay leaf, parsley, oregano, thyme, mint, marjoram, rosemary and coriander being the most prevalent. Pelaxia is home to the largest consumers of rice per capita in all of Sarpedon. Rice is said to have originated from the Loa who brought along their ingredients and cooking techniques many centuries ago.
The kingdom was founded when the Istroyan tyrant Alketadas invaded Aciria from the Istroyan colony on the island of [[Montverde|Iolcessos]] in 590 BC. The Aciriano-Istroyan kingdom refers to not only the kingdom established by Alketadas, but the realms that followed from the collapse of the kingdom after the death of Alketadas' son. Over time the Istroyan identity was lessened by assimilation into the native populations, creating Marinai-Istroyan Kingdoms by the coastal regions, and even a short lived Montanaro-Istroyan kingdom in the mountains.


Olive oil is one of the bases of Pelaxian cuisine, which is used both for cooking and flavouring meals. This has led to a unique classification of olive oils in Pelaxia, depending on their acidity: 1.5 degrees is only for cooking with (virgin olive oil), anything lower than 1 degree is good for dousing over fish, potatoes and vegetables (extra virgin). 0.7, 0.5 or even 0.3 degrees are for those who do not enjoy the taste of olive oil at all, or who wish to use it in, say, a mayonnaise or sauce where the taste is meant to be disguised.
The Istroyan population in the region remained relatively small over the centuries, but despite this, Istroyan influence on the culture, religion and language of pre-latinic Aciria was vast due to the ruling class initially refusing to accept any local customs or beliefs. Modern research has also shown that Istroyan influence is also present in the ethnic makeup of the Acirians, shown by some Montanaro populations having notable Istroyan ancestry. Intermarrying between the Acirians and Istroyans was uncommon, but not unheard of, with the earliest record of this being Alketadas' son's wife being the princess of an Acirian tribe.


Another feature of Pelaxian cuisine is the preparation of homemade food such as [[french fries]], [[empanadas]], and pasta to celebrate a special occasion, to meet friends, or to honor someone. Homemade food is also seen as a way to show affection. Pelaxian restaurants include a great variety of cuisines, prices, and flavors. Large cities tend to host everything from high-end international cuisine, to ''bodegones'' (inexpensive traditional hidden taverns), less stylish restaurants, and bars and canteens offering a range of dishes at affordable prices.
Istroyan influence quickly lessened following the collapse of the Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom ruled by Alketadas and his son, with smaller kingdoms and republics more akin to Istroyan colonies continuing its legacy.  
==History==
Pelaxia as a territory of the Caphiria
Caphiria introduced the custom of collecting and eating mushrooms, which is still preserved in many parts of Pelaxia, especially in the east. The Caphirians introduced viticulture and the cultivation of olive oil. Pelaxia is the largest producer of olive oil in the world.
Middle Ages.
The Kosal introduced brewing to the Pelaxian regions and introduced such ingredients as: rice, sorghum, sugar cane, spinach, eggplant, watermelon, lemon, peach, orange, allmonds and chickpeas.
==Typical foods==
[[File:Dulce de leche 2007.jpg|thumb|lefttext-top|[[Dulce de leche]], a popular national spread used to fill cakes and pancakes, eaten over toast, and as an ice cream flavor.]]
[[File:Empanadas salteñas 1.jpg|thumb|left|Boxed [[Empanada]]s.]]
[[File:Cabidela_de_galinha.JPG|thumb|left|Arroz de Albalitor]]
[[File:Sopa So'o Paraguay.png|thumb|right|Sopa Pelaxiana]]
Most regions of Pelaxia are known for their chicken-oriented diet. [[Grilling|Grilled]] meat from the (barbecue) is a staple. Popular items such as ''[[Chorizo]]'' ([[pork]] [[sausage]]), ''morcilla'' ([[blood sausage]]), ''chinchulines'' ([[chitterlings]]), ''mollejas'' ([[sweetbread]]), and other parts of the animal are also enjoyed. In [[Montia]], however, [[Lamb and mutton|lamb]] and [chicken] are eaten more frequently than beef. Whole lambs and chickens are traditionally cooked over an open fire in a technique known as asado a la estaca.
*''[[Arroz de Albalitor]]'' is a dish made with poultry, usually a hen (chicken). It is typical of northern and western provinces. The particularity of the dish is that the hen's blood is added almost at the end, mixed with vinegar (so it doesn't clot) while the rice is boiling, much like "jugged" or "civet" dishes.


*'''[[Pelanesa]]''' consists of a thin slice of beef, chicken, fish, veal, or sometimes pork. Each slice is dipped into beaten eggs, seasoned with salt, and other condiments according to the cook's taste (like parsley and garlic). Each slice is then dipped in bread crumbs (or occasionally flour) and shallow-fried in oil, one at a time. Some people prefer to use very little oil and then bake them in the oven as a healthier alternative. A similar dish is the chicken parmigiana.
==Background==


*''[[Empanada]]s'' — small [[Pastry|pastries]] of meat, [[cheese]], [[sweet corn]], and a hundred other fillings — are a common sight at parties and [[picnic]]s, or as [[Entrée|starters]] to a meal. A variation, the "empanada agrileña" (Agrilian empanada), is a big, round meat pie made most commonly with [[tuna]], olives and [[Mackerel (food)|mackerel]] ("''caballa''" in Pelaxian). [[Vegetable]]s and [[salad]]s are also eaten by Pelaxian; [[tomato]]es, [[onion]]s, [[lettuce]], [[eggplant]]s, [[Squash (plant)|squashes]], and [[zucchini]] are common [[side dish]]es."
===Istroyan presence in Aciria===
Archaeological digs have discovered fragments of Istroyan pottery and Istroyan jewelry in the marine regions of Aciria dating to the 8th century, suggesting initial contact between the Istroyans and Acirians dating back to the 8th century via trade. Istroyan written records on the "Glaistos" also are dated around this time period, with them describing the lands they inhabit as "rich with gold and silver", which might be what the Acirians traded with the Istroyans for their goods.


*"[[Pelaxian Chicken Salad]]" is an extremely popular dish, considered basic at table. It includes rice and beans usually are cooked utilizing with lard and accompanied with hummus.
===Istroyan colonies in Aciria===
The biggest Istroyan colony in Aciria was the colony of Kenopatrida on the island of [[Montverde|Iolcessos]]. It's thought to have been established in the latter half of the 8th century to offer a place of rest for sailors and traders, whilst encouraging trade by allowing storing goods from Istroya or Aciria before shipping them back to Istroya. The colony's population growth quickly got out of hand, which in return caused the government to not only forbid further immigration but exile people to the mainland to further Istroyan influence in the region. The exiles eventually formed their own colonies, with the most important one of the exile colonies being Abdinion due to its proximity to Kenopatrida, becoming a gateway between the mainland colonies and the rest of the Istroyan world.
[[File:AncientTownOlvia.jpg|thumb|right|Ruins of an unnamed Istroyan settlement.]]
===Initial conflicts===
The relations between the Acirians and Istroyans remained peaceful until the establishment of colonies on the mainland. The Acirian population on the islands was limited which meant the enslavement of Acirians wasn't large scale and also meant that the conflicts Acirians might've started were easily stopped by the more well-equipped Istroyans. The establishment of colonies on the mainland meant the expansion of Istroyan agricultural land which expanded onto the lands Acirians considered theirs, resulting in regular Acirian raids to the frontier farms. The small-scale conflicts on the frontier between Istroyan guards and Acirian raiders also quickly ramped up the amount of Acirians enslaved by the Istroyans, which angered the population further.  


*“[[Pelaxian tortilla]]” is a traditional dish from Pelaxia and one of the signature dishes in the Pelaxian cuisine. It is an omelette made with eggs and potatoes, optionally including onion. It is often served at room temperature as a tapa.
{{quote|The Glaistos, originally thought to be noble savages who can be educated, have recently shown their true face. Their actions against our peaceful settlers on their so-called "holy land" will result in nothing more than the unfortunate demise of their people.|Theokasios}}


*“[[Sopa Pelaxiana]]” is a traditional Pelaxian dish. Literally meaning "Pelaxian soup," sopa Pelaxiana is similar to corn bread. Corn flour, pig fat (lard) or butter, cheese and milk or whey are common ingredients. It's a spongy cake that is rich in calories and protein content.
The Acirians being unable to discern between the different Istroyan colonies resulted in Acirians attacking and raiding even those settlements that belonged to the colonies that had respected the deals they had made with the local tribal leaders, seeing the Istroyans as a whole as an aggressive, invading force.
A sweet [[Paste (food)|paste]], ''dulce de leche'' is another treasured national food, used to fill [[cake]]s and [[pancake]]s, spread over [[toast]]ed bread for tea time, or served with ice cream. ''[[Alfajor]]es'' are [[shortbread]] [[cookie]]s sandwiched together with [[chocolate]] and ''dulce de leche'' or a [[fruit]] paste.
Other typical drinks include [[rum]] (sometimes with [[coke soda]] added); tea and coffee are equally important, and sugar cane juice as well. [[Don Justo]] is the national brand of rum while [[Felipe]] is the national [[brand]] of [[pale lager]], named after the town of [[Felipe, Costa Blanca]], where it was first produced.
==Ingredients==
''Pelaxian Cuisine'' is heavily based on the growth of all kinds of [[cereal]]s, [[grain]]s, [[oil seed]]s, [[fruit]]s and [[vegetable]]s, since [[Pelaxia]] is a significantly large [[livestock]] and [[agriculture|agricultural]] country.  


Meat products have been dominant in the country since the 15th. The country is regarded as a major [[beef]], [[pork]] and [[poultry]] producing and consuming country. As a matter of fact, certain areas such as those located in the center and east usually engaged in activities involving [[sheep]] and [[poultry]] breeding. The vast breeding activity involving any type of [[cattle]] has given rise to a very developed [[dairy]] industry that includes products like [[cow milk|cow]], [[sheep milk|sheep]] and [[camelide]], [[cheese]], [[dulce de leche]] and [[yogurt]]s. Pelaxia can also be conceived as a great industry engaged in the production of [[dried fruit]]s, [[olive]]s, all types of [[oil]]s and [[spice]]s.
==The Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom==


When it comes to blending ingredients and readapating other latitude cuisines traditions, the almost unlimited source of raw materials above enables the existence of a great product versatility.
===Istroyan invasion===
What historians see as the starting point of the Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom is when the Istroyan colony of Abdinion was sacked by the Glaistos, who have been identified as one of the pre-latinic inhabitants of Aciria. Abdinion's tyrant, Alketadas, narrowly escaped his death in Abdinion and escaped to the Istroyan colony of Kenopatrida on [[Montverde|Iolcessos]], where he informed the local leaders of the colony's fate. By 592 BC Alketadas had returned to his native Istroya, where he had mustered up a fleet and an army of Istroyans. Where, exactly, Alketadas got this fleet and army from is unclear, but it's thought to have been a mix of what Alketadas was able to buy with his own wealth, volunteers, and the allies of Alketadas that were eager to avenge those who were lost in the sacking.


==Regional differences==
It was in the summer of 590 BC when Alketadas' fleet and army left Kenopatrida for Abdinion, which the Acirians had inhabited now for several years. The town was quickly retaken with little casualties due to the well equipped and trained Istroyan mercenaries, but Alketadas did give credit to the Acirians for the ferocity which they fought with before retreating.  
Pelaxian cuisine has regional variations. ''Pollito'', ''dulce de leche'', ''empanadas'', are found throughout Pelaxia. In many parts of the country, food is prepared differently and different kinds of foods are made; this includes to a smaller degree food from [[pre-Caphirian]] times, as in the Northwest.
=== North-Center Region ===
[[File:DulceDeLecheSweets.jpg|thumb|left|Pelaxian pastry, including ''Rogel'' (a cake of layers of [[hojaldre]] covered with [[meringue]]), [[dulce de leche]], and regional variants of [[Alfajores]] (from [[Jojoba]], [[Montia]], [[Fátima]], among others).|240x240px]]
[[File:Milanesa con puré.jpg|thumb|right|Pelanesa with mashed potatoes and beans.]]
For long periods, urban areas such as [[Albalitor]], [[Agrila]], and [[Montia]] welcomed mostly migrants from [[Caphiria]]. Nevertheless, there was also a migratory flow of [[Kiravian]], [[Burgundian]], and Grajnidar immigrants arriving in Pelaxia. Among the countless changes this melting pot brought was the enrichment of the culinary art. Dishes such as pasta, pizza, ([[stew]]s), [[croqueta]]s ([[fritter]])s, [[sauce]]s, [[embutido]]s ([[sausage]]s), and chicken and meat courses brought a wider scope of options to daily menus. Furthermore, the bread-making, dessert, pastry, and dairy industries have achieved considerable development in this region.


The above-mentioned dishes have developed a distinctively Pelaxian nuance. That is why, for example, Pelaxian pasta includes a wide variety of dishes ranging from the Caphirian [[Fusarioi]], [[Filateddhi ]], and [[Lanterne]] to the Pelaxian-made sorrentinos, agnolottis ([[agnolotti]]), canelones ([[cannelloni]]), and fetuchines ([[fettuccine]]).
{{quote|The beautiful city of Abdinion was raped and to an extent, reclaimed by nature, due to the inability of the Glaistos to upkeep a civilized society. The beautiful marble buildings had been taken apart and left to the elements, while the grand works of art portraying our gods and heroes were knocked over and turned to rubble. Our streets were now littered with blood, guts and corpses; (they) fought with ferocity that matched a cornered animal, perhaps unable to even understand the concept of surrender or retreat, maybe even fear.|Alketadas}}


[[Bread]] products are consumed all around the country. The deeply rooted bread, pastry, and dessert-making tradition derives from blending the above nationalities' products. [[Bakery|Bakeries]] sell not only a wide scope of breads, cookies, and cakes, but also pastries. The latter resembles a sort of roll [[pastry]] whose main dough ingredient is either butter or fat and which may be simple or stuffed with [[dulce de leche]], [[milk]], [[jam]], crema pastelera, or quince or apple jelly, among other fillings. The most popular type of pastry is said to be that of ''crecientes'' ( literally half crescent), based upon [[Burgundian]] [[croissant]]s. Furthermore, [[sandwiches de miga]] are another type of bread products; they are made only with thin layers of [[white bread]] (generally referred to as crustless bread) and stuffed with food items ranging from [[ham and cheese]] to other more sophisticated combinations such as raw ham, tomatoes, olives, hard boiled eggs, tuna, lettuce, red pepper, and the like.
Alketadas was initially content with simply rebuilding his former city, but found out that in his absence, nearby colonies had also been at best victims of raids, and at worst, destroyed. Enraged by this, Alketadas rested for the night before sending some of his men to inform Kenopatrida of his plans to reclaim the region before marching for the other colonies. His wars against the Acirians continued on and off for a decade, and in 580 BC he halted his wars by marrying his son Lacidaos to the daughter of a powerful Acirian tribal leader, who then vouched for Alketadas when suing for peace.
Desserts and sweets are usually stuffed or covered with [[dulce de leche]]. The latter can be eaten alone or on top of cakes, [[alfajor]]es, panqueques ([[Crêpe|crepes]]), and pastries, or as a topping spread over [[flan de leche]]. [[Chantilly cream]] is widely consumed and used in preparing sweets and desserts. Additionally, cakes, sponge cakes, and puddings are very popular dishes.
=== El Alto de Los Picos ===
[[File:Pollo al disco. - panoramio.jpg|thumb|"Pollo al disco" with peppers.|258x258px|left]]
[[File:Spanish Tortilla (5845088254).jpg|thumb|right|Pelaxian tortilla|259x259px]]
This region is the one most influenced by the topography and climate. When preparing regional dishes, [[potato]]es and [[maize|corn]] or wheat are almost always used, including [[Bell pepper|peppers]], [[Squash (plant)|squashes]] and [[tomato]]es. The most celebrated dishes are [[tortilla de papa]], [[Montian Bean Stew]].
This region is the most suitable to taste [[empanada]]s, particularly those stuffed with meat and offering different types of tempting varieties such as the ''empanada monteña'', filled with potatoes and lamb, or empanadas made with cheese. Empanadas are individual sized and closed savoury pastries which may be fried or baked in the oven and are generally eaten with the hands.
Stews such as [[Montian Bean Stew]], carbonada, [[pollo al disco]], and roasted lamb are also typical dishes characterizing this region, which also include pumpkin or potato pudding stuffed with meat.
=== South Region ===
[[File:Andrajos (3633922072).jpg|thumb|left|Levantxian Stew|260x260px]]
This region is known for its high consumption of beef and vegetable dishes such as [[Carne mechada]], [[Levantxian Stew]], Chicken with peppers and Gazpacho.


Levantxian Stew consists of a stew of tomato, onion, garlic, red pepper and rabbit, thickened with cake flour. It is a dish of the rural people and generally consumed in winter. Variants of the dish derive from the type of meat used. Hare and cod are often used instead of rabbit.
===Reliability of sources===
=== Islas Jusonias ===
Some modern historians have doubted the accuracy of descriptions of the war, due to all the sources being Istroyan due to the lack of written sources from Acirians at this time. Many of the sources are thought to have exaggerated the success and speed of his conquests.
[[File:Pananghalian (Boracay Island, Aklan) - Flickr - ~MVI~ (warped).jpg|thumb|Molluscs and fish dishes dominate de Jusonian Islands|256x256px]]Foods produced in the Jusón Archipelago include [[fish]] and [[seafood]] from the sea and rivers, and the products of the [[pigs]] widely farmed there.
Marine species such as [[Salmon (food)|salmon]], Tuna, [[Lithodes santolla|spider crab]]s, [[Squid (food)|squid]] and other [[shellfish]] and [[mollusc]]s may be caught in the [[Kindred Sea]]. There are [[trout]] in the rivers.
The Loa settlements in this region have built up large-scale production of sea food and its by-products.
Ponna is a local cuisine that originally involved preserving raw fish or other seafood such as octopus with sea salt and rubbing it (lomi) with seasonings or cutting it into small pieces. Scallions, chili peppers, and soy sauce have become common additions to it. Ponna is different from sashimi, since the former is usually rough-cut and piled onto a plate, and can be made with less expensive pieces of fish.


Chicken and lamb, together with wild boar and venison tend to make up the region's meat-based dishes. Also typical of southern region are smoked products, including salmon, wild boar, and pheasant.
===Rule of the Alketadian dynasty===
== Alcoholic beverages ==
The first ruling Istroyan dynasty in [[Aciria]] is known as the Alketadian dynasty, named after the first king Alketadas. Alketadas was infamous for his ruthlessness against the Acirians, even in Istroyan sources. Acirian enslavement was widespread during his rule, used for the reconstruction of the Istroyan colonies, construction of temples, forced to work in mines and often even shipped off to work in Istroya. The vast amounts of slave labour propped up the economy of the new kingdom quickly, which then enticed more Istroyans to move there. The economy soared and the cities were not only reconstructed, but expanded due to the wealth the rare metals extracted from the mines brought.  
*'''[[Wine]] (''vino'')''' has traditionally been the most popular alcoholic beverage in Pelaxia, beer in recent decades has competed with wine in popularity. Breweries appeared in Pelaxia at the end of the 1760s.  
[[File:Lacidaos.png|left|thumb|300px|Bust of Lacidaos discovered in a flooded cave. Located in the Imperial Museum of History, [[Trossera]].]]
Alketadas eventually died around 568 BC, which meant his son Lacidaos ascended to the throne at the age of 27. Lacidaos' and his fathers rule couldn't have been more different: Lacidaos had spent much of his life around Acirians since he was a child, growing up in the colonies. He spoke the language fluently and had great compassion for the Acirians, which caused him to allow them to gain citizenship and outlawed "cruel treatment" of Acirian slaves to lessen the unrest between the Istroyans and Acirians. His wife being a native Acirian, she often was the messenger between the Acirians and the Istroyans as opposed to Lacidaos himself, due to the former being suspicious of the latter following the cruel rule of Alketadas. Lacidaos' wife was described to have a silver tongue, which meant the expansion of the Istroyan kingdom diplomatically, some tribes voluntarily joining the kingdom in return for protection from the other tribes.


*'''Beer''' consumption has increased outpacing that of wine since 1991, the growing production and consumption of beer has supported the existence of related events, for example beer festivals called "Fiestas de la Cerveza". However, the presence of a vigorous population of [[Celt]]ic lineage, principally of Kiravian origin, has supported the creation of other celebrations of beer, often for marketing purposes, such as [[Saint Patrick's Day]] (''Día de San Patricio''). Pelaxians enjoy a variety of alcoholic beverages and Pelaxians can boast a varied array of ''elaboraciones'', whether industrial or [[artisanal]].  
Lacidaos died at the age of 41 under suspicious circumstances. His death became the inspiration for a play by Aciriano-Istroyan poet Arantheos, where Lacidaos became the victim of a grand conspiracy.


*Besides beer and wine, Pelaxians frequently drink [[Limoncello]]. '''Limoncello''' is the most popular beverage of the middle and lower economic classes at Christmas and [[New Year]] (the upper classes proverbially preferring to celebrate with locally produced [[champagne]], although real old-line "[[Creole peoples|creole]]" aristocrats will still drink Limoncello, which is much more traditional).
===Collapse of the First Kingdom===
The prosperity that followed the establishment of the First Kingdom, known as Abdinia, was also its downfall. The fast expansion and creation of new cities far away from each other alongside with the prosperous trade had created powerful, wealthy families in different parts of the kingdom that declared independence following the death of Lacidaos. The first of these was Empastira on the western coast, which was quickly followed by Salidros, and even Kenopatrida after it was noticed the new king was unable to do anything to keep the kingdom together. Empastira's government eventually settled on a diarchy ruled by King Kenoros and King Hekaos, while Salidros and Kenopatrida returned to their historical tradition of democracy.


*'''Sangria''' traditionally consists of red wine and chopped fruit, often with other ingredients or spirits.
Despite being the de facto capital of the [[Ancient Istroyan civilization|Istroyan]] colonies in [[Aciria]] since its founding, Kenopatrida quickly declined due to trade slowing down as the new main port of the colonies turned to be Salidros due to the closer location and smaller customs. Kenopatridas insular location also didn't work in its favour, due to having to import much of its food and wood from the mainland.


*'''Fernet''' is an Acirian type of amaro, a bitter, aromatic spirit. Fernet is made from a number of herbs and spices which vary according to the brand, but usually include myrrh, rhubarb, chamomile, cardamom, aloe, and especially saffron, with a base of distilled grape spirits. Fernet is usually served as a digestif after a meal but may also be served with coffee and espresso or mixed into coffee and espresso drinks. It typically contains 45% alcohol by volume. It may be served at room temperature or with ice. Younger generations of Pelaxians often mix it with Imperial Cola.
==Religion==
Other widely consumed spirits are rum made from [[sugar cane]], gin, sangría and fernet.
Sculptures and coins minted in the early years of the Istroyan settlements portrayed figures from traditional Istroyan religion and mythology, but after the collapse of Abdinia, figures that have been interpreted as gods and heroes from the [[Ancient Acirian religion|native religion]] of the region. It was also during this time when Istroyan architectural influence became more commonplace in Acirian places of worship with the busts of [[[[Twelve Theousians|Istroyan gods]] being included in these temples relatively often, suggesting the two groups had found common ground with their beliefs.  
<gallery mode=packed heights=200px>
Boquerones y cañas en Sevilla.jpg|Beer with boquerones.
Bebiendo con porrón.jpg|Drinking wine from a "porrón" bottle.
Robion Limoncello.JPG|Limoncello.
Fernet-branca-coke.jpg|Fernet with coke.
Spanish sangria.jpg|Pelaxian sangría.
</gallery>
== Non-alcoholic specialties ==
[[File:2019-3-Black tea - črni čaj.jpg|thumb|left|Pelaxian black tea|467x467px]]
[[File:Coffee in Florence (5771160779).jpg|thumb|right|Pelaxian coffee with milk]]
Pelaxians enjoy a wide variety of non-alcoholic infusions. Among these, tea has long been the most widely enjoyed; in 2006, over 700,000 metric tons were harvested in Pelaxia, mostly for domestic consumption. Tea is also one of the top exports from Pelaxia, as it is valued all over the world, but second behind coffee.
== Popular short-order dishes ==
[[File:Picada cordobesa.jpg|thumb|right|Pelaxian "picada".]]
Common ''restoranes'' or ''[[restaurant]]es'' and ''rotiserias'' (grill restaurants) nearly anywhere in Pelaxia today serve (into the small hours) quickly prepared meals that in the course of the 20th century came to be known as ''minutas'', "short-order dishes". Some of the dishes included in the category of ''minutas'' are ''[[milanesa]]s'', ''churrascos'', ''bifes'' ([[beefsteak]]s), ''[[escalopes]]'', ''[[tallarines]]'', ''ravioles'' ([[ravioli]]), ''ñoquis'' ([[gnocchi]]), although some are very typical of locations that sell food: "''bifes''" and "''milanesas''" are served "''a caballo''" ("on horseback", with [[fried egg]] on top), "''milanesa completa''" (a ''milanesa'' with two fried eggs and [[French fries]]), "''revuelto Gramajo''", "''colchón de arvejas''" (an omelette made with peas), "''suprema de pollo''" (chicken [[Supreme (cookery)|supreme]], usually breaded as a ''milanesa''), ''[[matambre]]s'', "''lengua a la vinagreta''" ([[Pickling|pickled]] [[Tongue (foodstuff)|tongue]]), and "[[sandwich]]es" (sandwiches de miga) are made with sliced white bread, rather than, say, rolls.


The most common sandwiches are those made of ''milanesa'', baked ham and cheese, 'pan de miga'', [[toast]], ''panchos'' (hot dogs), ''[[choripan]]es'', ''morcipanes'', etc.;
===Salidros===
Salidros has been historically seen as the most tolerant of the Istroyan kingdoms when it came to the religion of the natives. The first Salidran [[archon]] Ibapides sent multiple expeditions to the mountainous, rural regions of [[Aciria]] to study the religion of the natives, deeply interested by their utilitarianistic views. Ibapides wanted the expedition to visit as inland as possible to minimize the Istroyan influence in the religion to ensure the "purity" of the beliefs. Following the return of the expedition, Ibapides considered the gods of the Acirians to be the same as theirs; just different aspects of them, and ordered a statue of the [[Ancient Acirian religion|Three Sisters]] to be constructed by the port to welcome any visitors and merchants to the city.


''[[Picada (Pelaxiana)|Picadas]]'', which are consumed at home or in [[Bar (establishment)|bars]], [[café]]s, "''cafetines''" and "''[[bodegones]]''" are also popular; they consist of an ensemble of plates containing cubes of cheese (typically from [[Montia]] or [[Agrila]]), pieces of [[salame]], [[olive]]s in [[brine]], french fries, ''maníes'' ([[peanut]]s), etc.; ''[[picada]]''s are eaten accompanied by an alcoholic beverage ("''[[fernet]]''", beer, wine with [[Carbonated water|soda]], to give some common examples).
Ibapides was eventually exiled due to fears of tyranny, and legend says that Ibapides never returned to the Istroyans but went on to live with the Acirians, and became a priest at an Acirian temple.
==Art==
Unfortunately, the history of instability in [[Aciria]] has resulted in the destruction of many pieces of art that the Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdoms may have produced. The biggest source of information regarding the Aciriano-Istroyan art has been the Pistallo Cave, in which archaeologists uncovered over 120 pieces of art, including but not limited to murals, busts and coins. The art seems to be Istroyan in nature, but they seem to portray items and people not common in Istroyan art, believing that this is a result of the Aciriano-Istroyan syncretic art.


The people of Pelaxia greatly enjoy ''helado'' ([[ice cream]]s of Acirian lineage or [[sorbet]]s native origin).
[[Category:Aciria]] [[Category:Ancient Istroya]]
== Eating habits ==
Breakfast typically is small and consists of tea or “café con leche” (coffee with milk) and toasts, pide bread, with some fruit juice, possibly orange juice accompanied with either cheese, tomatoes, eggs, olives or hummus.. A continental-style breakfast (desayuno) may be taken just after waking up, or before entering the workplace. Due to the large time span between breakfast and lunch, it is not uncommon to halt the working schedule to take a mid-morning snack with tea. Traditional lunches in Pelaxia are long and well developed. Pelaxians often have a light evening snack (called a "merienda" - typically a coffee or green tea and a pastry and it is common to not eat dinner until 9 pm, or even later on weekends.
[[Category:Pelaxia]]

Revision as of 17:12, 14 April 2022

Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom

590 BC–150 BC
Extent of the Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom at its height. Four most notable cities marked on the map.
CapitalAbdinion
Kenopatrida
Common languagesIstroyan
Aciriano
Montanaro
Religion
Ancient Istroyan religion
Ancient Acirian religion
GovernmentMonarchy
King 
• 590 BC - 568 BC
Alketadas (first)
• 168 BC - 150 BC
Aulecus (last)
Historical eraAntiquity
• Established
590 BC
• Disestablished
150 BC
Today part ofAciria

The Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom, also known as Abdinia or Kenopatria, was an Istroyan kingdom covering a large area in the northwestern regions of modern day Aciria. It was founded somewhere in the 6th century BC, and Istroyan culture continued to flourish on specific islands until the 1st century BC before being eventually assimilated into the Marinai people.

The kingdom was founded when the Istroyan tyrant Alketadas invaded Aciria from the Istroyan colony on the island of Iolcessos in 590 BC. The Aciriano-Istroyan kingdom refers to not only the kingdom established by Alketadas, but the realms that followed from the collapse of the kingdom after the death of Alketadas' son. Over time the Istroyan identity was lessened by assimilation into the native populations, creating Marinai-Istroyan Kingdoms by the coastal regions, and even a short lived Montanaro-Istroyan kingdom in the mountains.

The Istroyan population in the region remained relatively small over the centuries, but despite this, Istroyan influence on the culture, religion and language of pre-latinic Aciria was vast due to the ruling class initially refusing to accept any local customs or beliefs. Modern research has also shown that Istroyan influence is also present in the ethnic makeup of the Acirians, shown by some Montanaro populations having notable Istroyan ancestry. Intermarrying between the Acirians and Istroyans was uncommon, but not unheard of, with the earliest record of this being Alketadas' son's wife being the princess of an Acirian tribe.

Istroyan influence quickly lessened following the collapse of the Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom ruled by Alketadas and his son, with smaller kingdoms and republics more akin to Istroyan colonies continuing its legacy.

Background

Istroyan presence in Aciria

Archaeological digs have discovered fragments of Istroyan pottery and Istroyan jewelry in the marine regions of Aciria dating to the 8th century, suggesting initial contact between the Istroyans and Acirians dating back to the 8th century via trade. Istroyan written records on the "Glaistos" also are dated around this time period, with them describing the lands they inhabit as "rich with gold and silver", which might be what the Acirians traded with the Istroyans for their goods.

Istroyan colonies in Aciria

The biggest Istroyan colony in Aciria was the colony of Kenopatrida on the island of Iolcessos. It's thought to have been established in the latter half of the 8th century to offer a place of rest for sailors and traders, whilst encouraging trade by allowing storing goods from Istroya or Aciria before shipping them back to Istroya. The colony's population growth quickly got out of hand, which in return caused the government to not only forbid further immigration but exile people to the mainland to further Istroyan influence in the region. The exiles eventually formed their own colonies, with the most important one of the exile colonies being Abdinion due to its proximity to Kenopatrida, becoming a gateway between the mainland colonies and the rest of the Istroyan world.

Ruins of an unnamed Istroyan settlement.

Initial conflicts

The relations between the Acirians and Istroyans remained peaceful until the establishment of colonies on the mainland. The Acirian population on the islands was limited which meant the enslavement of Acirians wasn't large scale and also meant that the conflicts Acirians might've started were easily stopped by the more well-equipped Istroyans. The establishment of colonies on the mainland meant the expansion of Istroyan agricultural land which expanded onto the lands Acirians considered theirs, resulting in regular Acirian raids to the frontier farms. The small-scale conflicts on the frontier between Istroyan guards and Acirian raiders also quickly ramped up the amount of Acirians enslaved by the Istroyans, which angered the population further.

The Glaistos, originally thought to be noble savages who can be educated, have recently shown their true face. Their actions against our peaceful settlers on their so-called "holy land" will result in nothing more than the unfortunate demise of their people.

— Theokasios

The Acirians being unable to discern between the different Istroyan colonies resulted in Acirians attacking and raiding even those settlements that belonged to the colonies that had respected the deals they had made with the local tribal leaders, seeing the Istroyans as a whole as an aggressive, invading force.

The Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom

Istroyan invasion

What historians see as the starting point of the Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdom is when the Istroyan colony of Abdinion was sacked by the Glaistos, who have been identified as one of the pre-latinic inhabitants of Aciria. Abdinion's tyrant, Alketadas, narrowly escaped his death in Abdinion and escaped to the Istroyan colony of Kenopatrida on Iolcessos, where he informed the local leaders of the colony's fate. By 592 BC Alketadas had returned to his native Istroya, where he had mustered up a fleet and an army of Istroyans. Where, exactly, Alketadas got this fleet and army from is unclear, but it's thought to have been a mix of what Alketadas was able to buy with his own wealth, volunteers, and the allies of Alketadas that were eager to avenge those who were lost in the sacking.

It was in the summer of 590 BC when Alketadas' fleet and army left Kenopatrida for Abdinion, which the Acirians had inhabited now for several years. The town was quickly retaken with little casualties due to the well equipped and trained Istroyan mercenaries, but Alketadas did give credit to the Acirians for the ferocity which they fought with before retreating.

The beautiful city of Abdinion was raped and to an extent, reclaimed by nature, due to the inability of the Glaistos to upkeep a civilized society. The beautiful marble buildings had been taken apart and left to the elements, while the grand works of art portraying our gods and heroes were knocked over and turned to rubble. Our streets were now littered with blood, guts and corpses; (they) fought with ferocity that matched a cornered animal, perhaps unable to even understand the concept of surrender or retreat, maybe even fear.

— Alketadas

Alketadas was initially content with simply rebuilding his former city, but found out that in his absence, nearby colonies had also been at best victims of raids, and at worst, destroyed. Enraged by this, Alketadas rested for the night before sending some of his men to inform Kenopatrida of his plans to reclaim the region before marching for the other colonies. His wars against the Acirians continued on and off for a decade, and in 580 BC he halted his wars by marrying his son Lacidaos to the daughter of a powerful Acirian tribal leader, who then vouched for Alketadas when suing for peace.

Reliability of sources

Some modern historians have doubted the accuracy of descriptions of the war, due to all the sources being Istroyan due to the lack of written sources from Acirians at this time. Many of the sources are thought to have exaggerated the success and speed of his conquests.

Rule of the Alketadian dynasty

The first ruling Istroyan dynasty in Aciria is known as the Alketadian dynasty, named after the first king Alketadas. Alketadas was infamous for his ruthlessness against the Acirians, even in Istroyan sources. Acirian enslavement was widespread during his rule, used for the reconstruction of the Istroyan colonies, construction of temples, forced to work in mines and often even shipped off to work in Istroya. The vast amounts of slave labour propped up the economy of the new kingdom quickly, which then enticed more Istroyans to move there. The economy soared and the cities were not only reconstructed, but expanded due to the wealth the rare metals extracted from the mines brought.

Bust of Lacidaos discovered in a flooded cave. Located in the Imperial Museum of History, Trossera.

Alketadas eventually died around 568 BC, which meant his son Lacidaos ascended to the throne at the age of 27. Lacidaos' and his fathers rule couldn't have been more different: Lacidaos had spent much of his life around Acirians since he was a child, growing up in the colonies. He spoke the language fluently and had great compassion for the Acirians, which caused him to allow them to gain citizenship and outlawed "cruel treatment" of Acirian slaves to lessen the unrest between the Istroyans and Acirians. His wife being a native Acirian, she often was the messenger between the Acirians and the Istroyans as opposed to Lacidaos himself, due to the former being suspicious of the latter following the cruel rule of Alketadas. Lacidaos' wife was described to have a silver tongue, which meant the expansion of the Istroyan kingdom diplomatically, some tribes voluntarily joining the kingdom in return for protection from the other tribes.

Lacidaos died at the age of 41 under suspicious circumstances. His death became the inspiration for a play by Aciriano-Istroyan poet Arantheos, where Lacidaos became the victim of a grand conspiracy.

Collapse of the First Kingdom

The prosperity that followed the establishment of the First Kingdom, known as Abdinia, was also its downfall. The fast expansion and creation of new cities far away from each other alongside with the prosperous trade had created powerful, wealthy families in different parts of the kingdom that declared independence following the death of Lacidaos. The first of these was Empastira on the western coast, which was quickly followed by Salidros, and even Kenopatrida after it was noticed the new king was unable to do anything to keep the kingdom together. Empastira's government eventually settled on a diarchy ruled by King Kenoros and King Hekaos, while Salidros and Kenopatrida returned to their historical tradition of democracy.

Despite being the de facto capital of the Istroyan colonies in Aciria since its founding, Kenopatrida quickly declined due to trade slowing down as the new main port of the colonies turned to be Salidros due to the closer location and smaller customs. Kenopatridas insular location also didn't work in its favour, due to having to import much of its food and wood from the mainland.

Religion

Sculptures and coins minted in the early years of the Istroyan settlements portrayed figures from traditional Istroyan religion and mythology, but after the collapse of Abdinia, figures that have been interpreted as gods and heroes from the native religion of the region. It was also during this time when Istroyan architectural influence became more commonplace in Acirian places of worship with the busts of [[Istroyan gods being included in these temples relatively often, suggesting the two groups had found common ground with their beliefs.

Salidros

Salidros has been historically seen as the most tolerant of the Istroyan kingdoms when it came to the religion of the natives. The first Salidran archon Ibapides sent multiple expeditions to the mountainous, rural regions of Aciria to study the religion of the natives, deeply interested by their utilitarianistic views. Ibapides wanted the expedition to visit as inland as possible to minimize the Istroyan influence in the religion to ensure the "purity" of the beliefs. Following the return of the expedition, Ibapides considered the gods of the Acirians to be the same as theirs; just different aspects of them, and ordered a statue of the Three Sisters to be constructed by the port to welcome any visitors and merchants to the city.

Ibapides was eventually exiled due to fears of tyranny, and legend says that Ibapides never returned to the Istroyans but went on to live with the Acirians, and became a priest at an Acirian temple.

Art

Unfortunately, the history of instability in Aciria has resulted in the destruction of many pieces of art that the Aciriano-Istroyan Kingdoms may have produced. The biggest source of information regarding the Aciriano-Istroyan art has been the Pistallo Cave, in which archaeologists uncovered over 120 pieces of art, including but not limited to murals, busts and coins. The art seems to be Istroyan in nature, but they seem to portray items and people not common in Istroyan art, believing that this is a result of the Aciriano-Istroyan syncretic art.

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