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Phillipe d'Everard (paleontologist): Difference between revisions
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d'Everard was a prodigious writer, with 1,400 papers published over his lifetime. A lifelong and highly dedicated field worker, d'Everard died suddenly from complications associated with {{wpl|pneumonia}} 72 years old on February 2, 1938 in [[Lariana]], [[Talionia]], while leading a paleontological expedition. His proposal for the origin of mammalian molars is notable among his theoretical contributions. "d'Everard's rule", however, the hypothesis that mammalian lineages gradually grow larger over geologic time, while named after him, is "neither explicit nor implicit" in his work.<ref>Fürster, Johann: ''Mammalian derivation of the Permian period'', pg. 11-14. 1999.</ref> | d'Everard was a prodigious writer, with 1,400 papers published over his lifetime. A lifelong and highly dedicated field worker, d'Everard died suddenly from complications associated with {{wpl|pneumonia}} 72 years old on February 2, 1938 in [[Lariana]], [[Talionia]], while leading a paleontological expedition. His proposal for the origin of mammalian molars is notable among his theoretical contributions. "d'Everard's rule", however, the hypothesis that mammalian lineages gradually grow larger over geologic time, while named after him, is "neither explicit nor implicit" in his work.<ref>Fürster, Johann: ''Mammalian derivation of the Permian period'', pg. 11-14. 1999.</ref> | ||
The | The Joanusaurid dinosaur ''[[Everardtadens]]'' and Ceratopsian dinosaur ''[[Everardceratops]]'' are both named in honour of d'Everard. His son was the [[Marshal of Yonderre]] [[Rachet d'Everard]] (1903-1997) and his only daughter the acclaimed ballet dancer [[Sophie d'Everard]] (1907-2002). | ||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
===Early life, education and first expeditions=== | ===Early life, education and first expeditions=== | ||
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Based on his newest finds from [[Serracene]], d'Everard was able to complete and publish his description of the new theropod which he named ''[[Caphirosaurus|Caphirosaurus imperator]]''. Based on his finds from 1900 and 1902, d'Everard also reclassified shed teeth discovered by [[Thibault d'Avignon|d'Avignon]] in 1874 and Krankos' post cranial elements from 1894 as being ''[[Caphirosaurus]]'' remains. The generic name is derived from the name of the country in which it was discovered, Caphiria, and the Istroyan word σαῦρος (sauros, meaning "lizard"). d'Everard used the Latin word ''imperator'', meaning "emperor", for the specific name. The full binomial therefore translates to "Caphirian lizard emperor" or "Emperor Lizard of Caphiria", emphasizing the animal's size and perceived dominance over other species of the time.<ref>d'Everard, Phillipe E.: ''The Emperor Lizard of Caphiria - Caphirosaurus imperator'', [[University of Collinebourg]]. 1902.</ref> The paper and subsequent press conference and lectures received substantial press coverage, much more so than before seen in paleontology, and is credited by many to have elevated the world of paleontology from academia to the public eye.<ref>Balboa, Maximus: ''A comprehensive history of paleontology'', pg. 5-9 + 54-59. 2004.</ref> | Based on his newest finds from [[Serracene]], d'Everard was able to complete and publish his description of the new theropod which he named ''[[Caphirosaurus|Caphirosaurus imperator]]''. Based on his finds from 1900 and 1902, d'Everard also reclassified shed teeth discovered by [[Thibault d'Avignon|d'Avignon]] in 1874 and Krankos' post cranial elements from 1894 as being ''[[Caphirosaurus]]'' remains. The generic name is derived from the name of the country in which it was discovered, Caphiria, and the Istroyan word σαῦρος (sauros, meaning "lizard"). d'Everard used the Latin word ''imperator'', meaning "emperor", for the specific name. The full binomial therefore translates to "Caphirian lizard emperor" or "Emperor Lizard of Caphiria", emphasizing the animal's size and perceived dominance over other species of the time.<ref>d'Everard, Phillipe E.: ''The Emperor Lizard of Caphiria - Caphirosaurus imperator'', [[University of Collinebourg]]. 1902.</ref> The paper and subsequent press conference and lectures received substantial press coverage, much more so than before seen in paleontology, and is credited by many to have elevated the world of paleontology from academia to the public eye.<ref>Balboa, Maximus: ''A comprehensive history of paleontology'', pg. 5-9 + 54-59. 2004.</ref> | ||
d'Everard continued to teach extinct zoology at the [[University of Collinebourg]], giving lectures, teaching classes and performing presentations of new species he described. d'Everard organized several student digs in [[Yonderre]] throughout the 1900s and 10s, particularly to the mountains of [[Vollardie]], from which numerous extinct species of amphibians and fish were discovered as well as some new dinosaurs like the | d'Everard continued to teach extinct zoology at the [[University of Collinebourg]], giving lectures, teaching classes and performing presentations of new species he described. d'Everard organized several student digs in [[Yonderre]] throughout the 1900s and 10s, particularly to the mountains of [[Vollardie]], from which numerous extinct species of amphibians and fish were discovered as well as some new dinosaurs like the Compsognathid ''[[Coopgnathus]]'' and early Ceratopsian ''[[Avonceratops]]''. | ||
===Iscastan expeditions and 1920s=== | ===Iscastan expeditions and 1920s=== | ||
d'Everard finally returned to [[Caphiria]] in 1919 to continue his field work in [[Sarpedon]]. In June of 1919, the expedition led by d'Everard uncovered remains of ''[[Joanusaurus]]'' in the Aravera mountains of the [[Caphiria|Caphirian]] province [[Iscasta]], the first find of ''[[Joannusaurus]]'' outside [[Levantia]]. d'Everard initially viewed the specimen as a subadult ''J. davignoni'', but upon closer inspection it was recategorized as a new subspecies, ''J. iscastae''. ''J. iscastae'' differs from ''J. davignoni'' by its longer snout and smaller physical stature, findings that d'Everard published in his December of 1919 monograph "''Caphirian Joanusaurs''".<ref>d'Everard, Phillipe E.: ''Caphirian Joanusaurs'', [[University of Collinebourg]]. 1919.</ref> Based on scholarly consensus and the somewhat limited knowledge of paleobiology and paleodiversity in late-Jurassic and early Cretaceous [[Sarpedon]] (as part of [[Sarpolevantia]]), d'Everard surmised that ''Joanusaurs'' were probably apex predators in present day [[Caphiria]] such as they had been shown to be in and around the [[Greater Levantine Formation]]. | d'Everard finally returned to [[Caphiria]] in 1919 to continue his field work in [[Sarpedon]]. In June of 1919, the expedition led by d'Everard uncovered remains of ''[[Joanusaurus]]'' in the Aravera mountains of the [[Caphiria|Caphirian]] province [[Iscasta]], the first find of ''[[Joannusaurus]]'' outside [[Levantia]]. d'Everard initially viewed the specimen as a subadult ''J. davignoni'', but upon closer inspection it was recategorized as a new subspecies, ''J. iscastae''. ''J. iscastae'' differs from ''J. davignoni'' by its longer snout and smaller physical stature, findings that d'Everard published in his December of 1919 monograph "''Caphirian Joanusaurs''".<ref>d'Everard, Phillipe E.: ''Caphirian Joanusaurs'', [[University of Collinebourg]]. 1919.</ref> Based on scholarly consensus and the somewhat limited knowledge of paleobiology and paleodiversity in late-Jurassic and early Cretaceous [[Sarpedon]] (as part of [[Sarpolevantia]]), d'Everard surmised that ''Joanusaurs'' were probably apex predators in present day [[Caphiria]] such as they had been shown to be in and around the [[Greater Levantine Formation]]. | ||