Ministry of Commerce (Urcea) and Government of Caphiria: Difference between pages

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{{WIP}}
{{Infobox government
 
| government_name  = Government of Caphiria
{{Infobox government agency
| nativename      =  
|agency_name = His Most Christian Majesty's Ministry of Commerce
| image            = <!-- [[File:|px]] -->
|logo =
| caption          =  
|logo_width =  
| date            = 1191; 829 years ago
|logo_caption =  
| country          = The Imperium and Possessions of Caphiria
|seal = MinOfCo.png
| document_type    = <!-- default is "Founding document" -->
|seal_width = 175px
| document        = Constitution of Caphiria
|seal_caption = Seal of the Ministry of Commerce
| url              =
|picture = GP.PNG
| branch1          =
|picture_caption =
| branch1_label1  =
|formed =  
| branch1_data1    =  
|date1 =  
| branch1_label2  =  
|date1_name =
| branch1_data2    =  
|date2 =
| branch1_label3  =  
|headquarters = [[Guilder Palace]]
| branch1_data3    =  
|employees =  
| branch2          =  
|budget = $1.4 trillion (FY 2018)
| legislature      = [[Senate of Caphiria]]
|chief1_name = Michael Maruado
| meeting_place    = [[Forum Magnum]]
|chief1_position = Minister of Commerce
| branch3          =  
|chief2_name = Antonia Labhóg
| leader_type      =  
|chief2_position = Deputy Minister of Commerce
| leader_title    = Imperator of Caphiria
|website = [https://www.state.gov commerce.urc]
| main_body        =
|footnotes =
| leader_type2    = <!-- default is "Leader" -->
| leader_title2    = <!-- title of head of govt -->
| appointed        = <!-- appointer -->
| headquarters    = [[The Ataceris]]
| main_organ      = The Imperium
| departments      = <!-- executive departments -->
| branch4          =
| court            = [[Supreme Court of the Imperium]]
| seat            =  
}}
}}
The '''Imperial Government of Caphiria''', (colloquially referred to as The Imperium) is the national government of the [[Imperium of Caphiria]], which covers 22 Provinces (''Banlieueregio'') and several overseas possessions, colonies, and territories. The Government of Caphiria is organized into three main ''Triumirs'', or branches, which are Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. Power is vested by the Constitution of Caphiria in the [[Imperator]], [[Corcillum]], and Supreme Court, respectively.


The '''Ministry of Commerce''', formally titled '''His Most Christian Majesty's Ministry of Commerce''', is the [[Concilium Purpaidá|Purpaidá]] Ministry that advises the [[Government of Urcea]] and leads the nation in transportation, labor and trade policy issues. Until budget cuts and the "Redundancy Elimination Act of 1985", a separate Ministry of Transportation managed the nation's transportation infrastructure. The Minister of Commerce, rather than the [[Ministry of State (Urcea)|Minister of State]], manages Urcea's relationship with the [[Levantine Union]] due to the importance of trade and the common market created by the [[Levantine Union]].
In theory, the Imperium of Caphiria operates as a unitary constitutional republic, with ultimate authority in every judicial, executive, and legislative matter being derived from its constitution. In practice however, Caphiria is functionally autocratic (and for all intents and purposes would be an autocratic-caesaropapist constitutional republic), with immense power is vested in a single leader - the Imperator of Caphiria - who serves as head of state and chief executive. Historically, the Imperator ruled by divine right but recently most of the powers of the Imperator have been set forth in Proclamation 9 of the Constitution. This leads to a highly complex system of de jure and de facto authority within the government as powers and duties are not clearly delineated.
 
== Office for Trade Development ==
The Office for Trade Development and Excise Dues and its managing Commissioner are responsible for Urcea's global trade relationships as well as the day to day oversight of Urcean trade. The Commissioner also oversees the Superintendent for Levantine Affairs, which is the government office directly responsible for interaction with the [[Levantine Union]] on a day-to-day level. Until 2016 and the creation of the [[Ministry of National Security (Urcea)|Ministry of National Security]], this Office was known as the Office for Trade Development and Excise Dues and oversaw the collection of tariffs, but those responsibilities became part of the new Office for Travel and Excise Dues.
 
=== Agency for Trade Relations ===
The Agency for Trade Relations is responsible for identifying potential trade partners, formulating trade policy proposals, and managing current trade agreements, including ensuring that they are fair and functioning properly. The Superintendent for Trade Relations works very closely with the [[Ministry of State (Urcea)|Ministry of State]], and especially with the [[Ministry_of_State_(Urcea)#Office_for_Foreign_Policymaking|Commissioner for Foreign Policymaking]] during the course of crafting proposals. The Agency for Trade Relations is responsible for presenting trade agreements to the [[Gildertach]] for approval.
 
=== Agency for Levantine Affairs ===
The Agency for Levantine Affairs serves as the liaison between the [[Government of Urcea]] and the [[Levantine Union]], especially in regards to any issues arising from the common market or [[Talerzone]].
 
=== Agency for Cronan Economic Development ===
The Agency for Cronan Economic Development (known popularly as ''ACED'') is responsible for creating and implementing a policy of economic development in [[Crona]] and particularly within [[NSTA]] members, intended to strengthen the economic institutions of NSTA member nations. It was created alongside the [[Ministry_of_State_(Urcea)#Department_of_National_and_Institutional_Development|Department of Institutional and National Development]] (DNID) by the [[Concilium Daoni]]'s "Democratic Investment Act of 2024", which was passed in the wake of the end of the [[Final War of the Deluge]]. The two bodies are close collaborators and work together to solve specific problems or challenges within [[Crona|Cronan]] nations with the specific intent of the Act stating the role of both agencies to provide the holistic economic and political independence envisioned by the Act. In addition to serving as economic advisors to developing nations, it also collaborates with the [[Royal Bank of Urcea]] to obtain [[Levantine banking and finance|interest-free loans]] to the states of NSTA. ACED also works with the Royal Bank to provide a {{wp|microcredit}} program to the residents of the member states of [[NSTA]] and also residents of [[Varshan]]. The Agency is also responsible for ensuring the lessening of trade and customs barriers between NSTA members by providing analysis and specific policy advice.
 
== Office for Guild and Workforce Affairs ==
The Office for Guild and Workforce Affairs is responsible for the relationships between the [[Government of Urcea]] and the [[Guilds (Urcea)|guilds]]. It is also responsible for workforce development initiatives, and works with the [[Ministry of Administration of the Realm (Urcea)|Ministry of Administration of the Realm]] to coordinate unemployment and job placement programs, while working with the [[Collegium Scientificum]] to develop job training programs as well as connections from schools to employers.


=== Agency for Guild Membership ===
Because of this unique system, the Imperator is the de jure head of each of the branches of government. However, the Senate of Caphiria wields significant power over the fiscal responsibilities of the Imperium, as well as possessing the ability to solely bring new laws to vote, and the Supreme Court system has gradually gained a tremendous amount of oversight and control over the application of the law, having the power to declare legislation or executive action made at any level of the government as unconstitutional, nullifying the law and creating precedent for future law and decisions. There have been many amendments to the Constitution to further delineate authority and organize the government further, but because of historical significance of the Imperator, it will always be the single point in which the government of Caphiria stems from.
The Agency for Guild Membership is responsible for ensuring that all businesses are part of their respective guild. Upon the formation of a firm or business, it conducts an investigation of the type of services the firm renders and then assigns it to membership within a specific guild based on the [[Guilds (Urcea)#Industries%20defined%20by%20the%20Guild%20Law|industries defined under the guild law]]. In the event that a firm can be categorized within two or more different industrial sectors according to the guild law, the Agency will give the firm discretion to choose which guild to join, provided that the Agency does not discern that doing so would irreparably harm the guild of choice.
=Executive branch=
{{main|Imperator of Caphiria|Office of the Imperium|Ministries of Caphiria}}
The executive power in the government is vested in its entirety through the Imperator of Caphiria. The Imperator governs by way of his imperium maius (supreme executive power), his auctoritas principis (primary legislative authority), and his jure divis (divine mandate as Pope) As its chief executive, the Imperator is head of state and thus head of the Ministries of Caphiria, the trans-parliamentary bodies that administer the functions of the federal government on behalf of the Imperator. He has the ability to appoint and fire ministers, create and dissolve ministries, as well as the responsibility to appoint diplomatic and provincial officials.


=== Agency for Guild Enforcement and Mediation ===
The Imperator relies on the Office of the Imperium, the principal executive organ through which his Prime Minister leads. This Office consists of the Prime Minister, the chair of the council, who is appointed by the Imperator after consultations and is confirmed by a vote of both houses of the Senate, and all of the Ministers, according to the request of the Prime Minister. These ministries are the de facto administers of the government of Caphiria, serving the functions of the federal government on behalf of the Imperator. Ultimately though, the powers of the Office of the Imperium rest in the hands of the Imperator of Caphiria until the ministers assume their offices.
The Agency for Guild Enforcement and Mediation is responsible for enforcing the binding decisions of guilds on its members when the guild's internal efforts to do so have failed. These enforcements typically take the form of non-compliant firms or sections of workers still striking despite an internal guild decision ending such incidents. The Agency works with the [[Ministry of Justice (Urcea)|Ministry of Justice]] to issue requests for compliance, and failures to comply are referred for judicial action by the Agency. The Agency is also responsible for mediating disputes between separate guilds. In the event of a potential strike or work shutdown, when disputes within [[Guilds (Urcea)|guilds]] lead to more than thirty days of gridlock, the Agency has the automatic ability to implement a temporary arbitrated settlement which lasts for 90 days. This ability, rarely used, is intended to prevent strikes or protracted gridlock between capital and labor.


=== Agency for Economic Access ===
While the Imperator maintains executive power at the highest level, he delegates power and authority to a Praetor (governor) to administer the Imperium's 21 provincial-level divisions. Under normal circumstances, available praetorian posts are brought before the Senate in August so that elections can be held to fill them with ambitious citizens. Because praetorship is directly devolved from the Imperator, they are governing as representatives of the Imperator himself and must enforce his will and sovereignty above all else. All members of the patrician class can run for these offices, the stipulation being that they quit their current job and leave for their appointed province no more than two months after winning their election (making holders of major offices such as Princeps Senatus and Imperator ineligible). The purpose behind praetorship is for every province (with the exception of Venceia) to be administered by a citizen from Caphiria itself. This is a relic of the custom of maintaining direct Caphirian rule over all the provinces. However, the Imperator can impeach any reigning praetor, forcing a new election unless the impeachment is vetoed by the Tribune.
The Agency for Economic Access is responsible for ensuring guilds do not put undue pressure on new entrants to the market. It specifically monitors guild activities and decision-making to proactively protect against discrimination against new firms by internal guild policies, both in the general sense but also in the case of specific new firms.


=== Agency for Workforce Development ===
The Imperator also serves as military commander-in-chief and chief diplomat, directly presiding over the 13 million active-duty military personnel, 7 million employees within the executive branch, and 4 ministries. While the Imperator possess near limitless executive power, the Senate has the ability to legally oppose most of the Imperator's actions by a super-majority.
=Legislative branch=
{{main|Corcillum}}
The legislative branch of Caphiria is called [[Corcillum|The Corcillum]], a tetracameral legislature consisting of four chambers: the [[National Assembly (Caphiria)|National Assembly]], [[Military Assembly (Caphiria)|Military Assembly]], [[Tribunal Assembly (Caphiria)|Tribune Assembly]], and the [[Senate (Caphiria)|Senate]]. A combination of ''mais maiorum'' and statute determines the roles of each chamber. Many measures must be considered by more than one chamber, and these measures are known as "final decrees" (''consultum ultimum'') as their decisions cannot be overridden due to their acceptance by more than one chamber.


== Office for the Royal Infrastructure Programs ==
The four chambers are divided into two categories; those which are said to be "representative", which are the Senate and National Assembly, and those which are said to be "meritorious", which are the Military and Tribunal Assemblies. The representative assemblies are viewed as a direct voice of the people of Caphiria within the nation's decision-making, whereas the meritorious chambers are the voice of those who are viewed to have sacrificed on behalf of the nation as a consequence of their service.


=== Agency for Royal Airports ===
Each chamber functions semi-autonomously from one another and as a result, the National Assembly has nominal authority over the entire Corcillum which means the National Assembly is functionally the national legislature. The Military Assembly is composed of every Commander in the [[Imperial Armed Forces of Caphiria|Imperial Armed Forces]] and are responsible of the conduct of wars as well as the prosecution of war and peace. The Tribune Assembly is composed of [[Magistrates of Caphiria#Non-parliamentary%20magistrates|non-parliamentary magistrates]] such as Aediles, Proaediles, Censores, and more. The Tribune Assembly is responsible for nationwide administrative tasks, and the organizing and reorganization of provinces and regions. The fourth chamber, the Senate, deals with national economic policy and treaties relating to trade, succession, grants of nobility, and more. Members of the National Assembly and Senate are chosen through direct election and every member of the Corcillum is elected to a five-year term. Through their legislative role, the Imperator is the legal head of the Corcillum (and by extension the head of each chamber) but rarely executes this power. The most-senior official in the Corcillum is the leader of the [[National Assembly (Caphiria)|National Assembly]] - the First Tribune.
=Judicial branch=
The judicial branch for the Imperium is the [[Supreme Court (Caphiria)|Supreme Court]] (''Tribunalis Ultima'') which is itself a function of the Ministry of Justice which administers and oversees the overall judicial system. Decisions ruled as part of a proceeding in the Supreme Court cannot be overruled elsewhere, unless the relevant law is changed by senatus consultum. The Supreme Court system has gradually gained a tremendous amount of oversight and control over the application of the law, having the power to declare legislation or executive action made at any level of the government as unconstitutional, nullifying the law and creating precedent for future law and decisions.


=== Agency for the National Interprovincial Highway Service ===
In Caphiria, judges are public officials and, since they exercise one of the sovereign powers of the Imperium, only citizens of the Imperium are eligible for judgeship. In order to become a judge, applicants must obtain a degree of higher education as well as pass written and oral examinations. However, most training and experience is gained through the judicial organization itself. The potential candidates then work their way up from the bottom through promotions. Caphiria's independent judiciary enjoys special constitutional protection from the executive branch. Once appointed, judges serve for life and cannot be removed without specific disciplinary proceedings conducted in due process before the Supreme Court. The Ministry of Justice handles the administration of courts and judiciary, including paying salaries and constructing new courthouses. The Ministry of Justice also administer the prison system. Lastly, the Ministry of Justice receives and processes applications for presidential pardons and proposes legislation dealing with matters of civil or criminal justice.


=== Agency for the National Interprovincial Railway Service ===
The structure of the court system in Caphiria is:
*Inferior courts of original and general jurisdiction Intermediate appellate courts which hear cases on appeal from lower courts,
*Courts of last resort which hear appeals from lower appellate courts on the interpretation of law,
*Supreme Court of Caphiria
As the highest court within Caphiria, the Supreme Court ensures the correct application of law in the inferior and appeal courts and resolves disputes as to which lower court (penal, civil, administrative, military) has jurisdiction to hear a given case. The Supreme Court can reject, or confirm, a sentence from a lower court. If it rejects the sentence, it can order the lower court to amend the trial and sentencing, or it can annul the previous sentence altogether. A sentence confirmed by the Supreme Court is final and definitive, and cannot be further appealed for the same reasons. Although the Supreme Court cannot overrule the trial court's interpretation of the evidence it can correct a lower court's interpretation or application of the law connected to a specific case.


=== Agency for Provincial Infrastructure Development ===
According to the Constitution, the Supreme Court shall pass judgement on:
*controversies on the constitutional legitimacy of laws issued by the State and Provinces and when the Court declares a law unconstitutional, the law ceases to have effect the day after the publication of the ruling,
*conflicts arising from allocation of powers of the State and those powers allocated to State and Provinces, and between Provinces,
*charges brought against the Imperator,
*The constitutional court passes on the constitutionality of laws with no right of appeal.
The Caphirian judicial system is based on civil law and not based on common law. Its core principles are entirely codified into a normative system which serves as the primary source of law, which means judicial decisions of the supreme court, as well as those of lower courts, are binding within the frame of reference of each individual case submitted, but do not constitute the base for judicial precedent for other future cases as in Common Law. It is worth noting that while in Civil Law jurisdictions the doctrine of stare decisis (precedent) does not apply, however, in practice the decisions of the Supreme Court of usually provide a very robust reference point in jurisprudence constante. The two essential aims of the Supreme Court of are to ensure that lower courts correctly follow legal procedure, and to harmonize the interpretation of laws throughout the judicial system.


== Office for Financial Instrument Oversight ==
The Supreme Court is organized into two divisions: a criminal section and a civil section. The court has a general president who is appointed by the Imperator, The ''Magnus Judex'' (High Judge), a deputy, and each section has its own president.Cases brought to the supreme court are normally heard by a panel of five judges. In more complex cases, especially those concerning compounded matters of statutory interpretation an extended panel of nine judges hear the case. In addition, in every case submitted to the supreme court, the office of public prosecutor must state their interpretation of the applicable law, to assist and facilitate the court, in a consultative capacity, in reaching its final decision. The Supreme Court itself is composed of 15 judges that are collectively known as the Council of Supreme Judges (''Consilio Judicatis Magnus'') for the term of service of two ''lustra'' (10 years total): 5 appointed by the Imperator, 5 elected by the Senate, and 5 elected by the ordinary and administrative courts. Candidates need to be either lawyers with twenty years or more experience, full professors of law, or (former) members of the Ministry of Justice. The Council then elects the Presidents of the court. The President is elected from among its members in a secret ballot, by an absolute majority (8 votes in the case of a full court). If no person gets a majority, a runoff election between the two judges with the most votes occurs.


The Office for Financial Instrument Oversight (OFIO) is the primary regulatory body of Urcea's [[Urcea#Finance|financial system]]. While significant oversight abilities - as well as control of monetary policy - ultimately rests with the [[Levantine Union]], OFIO is primarily responsible for enforcing anti-usury laws while also having the basic responsibility of directly implementing fines and other sanctions on businesses which violate directives of the Levantine Union.
As a function of the Ministry of Justice, the High Judge also serves as Prime Minister of the Ministry of Justice which has its own place within the judicial system. The Ministry of Justice arranges the ''album judicum'' - a list of every licensed jurist eligible for judging cases in a lawful court - and decides on the time and place of sessions in every Caphirian court of law. It also serves as the backbone for all of the Imperium's provincial and municipal court systems. Each provincial government possesses its own provinciarum judex, or provincial judge, who is subservient to the Ministry of Justice. While provincial judges have some leniency with their rulings and interpretations of the law, they are bound to the interpretation of law from the Ministry of Justice as a whole, meaning any ruling in one province will immediately affect the others.
=Budget=
{{main|National budget of Caphiria}}
For fiscal year (FY) 2026, the imperial government spent a total $23.7 trillion, equalling 41% of its GDP. The deficit equaled $779.7 billion, or 1.4% of GDP. Tax revenue amounted to $16.6 trillion and non-tax revenue amounted to $6.3 trillion, with total revenues equalling $22.9 trillion.  


[[Category:Urcea]]
Caphiria's domestic debt amounted to $2.7 trillion and with its foreign debt reaching $7.7 trillion, its total debt is $10.5 trillion. Caphiria's debt-to-GDP ratio is 19.2%.
[[Category: Government of Urcea]]
As of 2026, the budget of Caphiria is:
[[Category: Concilium Purpaidá]]
{| class="wikitable"
!Ministry
!Funding
!% of budget
|-
|[[Ministry of the Treasury (Caphiria)|Ministry of the Treasury]]
|$579,662,193,018
|2.58%
|-
|[[Ministry of Justice (Caphiria)|Ministry of Justice]]
|$1,415,454,192,253
|6.3%
|-
|[[Ministry of Diplomacy (Caphiria)|Ministry of Diplomacy]]
|$2,022,077,417,504
|9%
|-
|[[Ministry of Culture (Caphiria)|Ministry of Culture]]
|$966,103,655,030
|4.3%
|-
|[[Ministry of Defense (Caphiria)|Ministry of Defense]]
|$5,055,193,543,760
|22.5%
|-
|[[Ministry of Intelligence (Caphiria)|Ministry of Intelligence]]
|$2,022,077,417,504
|9%
|-
|[[Censorial Assembly]]
|$20,220,774,175
|0.09%
|-
|[[Ministry of the Church (Caphiria)|Ministry of the Church]]
|$20,220,774,175
|0.09%
|-
|[[Ministry of Infrastructure (Caphiria)|Ministry of Infrastructure]]
|$3,100,518,706,839
|13.8%
|-
|[[Ministry of Education (Caphiria)|Ministry of Education]]
|$2,612,973,373,952
|11.63%
|-
|[[Ministry of Health (Caphiria)|Ministry of Health]]
|$1,505,324,299,697
|6.7%
|-
|[[Ministry of Environment and Horticulture (Caphiria)|Ministry of Environment and Horticulture]]
|$1,082,934,794,708
|4.82%
|-
|[[Ministry of Meteorology (Caphiria)|Ministry of Meteorology]]
|$1,100,908,816,197
|4.9%
|-
|[[Ministry of Commerce and Trade (Caphiria)|Ministry of Commerce and Trade]]
|$963,856,902,344
|4.29%
|}
[[category:Caphiria]]
[[category:Politics of Caphiria]]
[[category:Government of Caphiria]]
[[category:Politics]]

Revision as of 16:16, 12 March 2022

Government of Caphiria
Formation1191; 829 years ago
Founding documentConstitution of Caphiria
CountryThe Imperium and Possessions of Caphiria
LegislatureSenate of Caphiria
Meeting placeForum Magnum
LeaderImperator of Caphiria
HeadquartersThe Ataceris
Main organThe Imperium
CourtSupreme Court of the Imperium

The Imperial Government of Caphiria, (colloquially referred to as The Imperium) is the national government of the Imperium of Caphiria, which covers 22 Provinces (Banlieueregio) and several overseas possessions, colonies, and territories. The Government of Caphiria is organized into three main Triumirs, or branches, which are Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. Power is vested by the Constitution of Caphiria in the Imperator, Corcillum, and Supreme Court, respectively.

In theory, the Imperium of Caphiria operates as a unitary constitutional republic, with ultimate authority in every judicial, executive, and legislative matter being derived from its constitution. In practice however, Caphiria is functionally autocratic (and for all intents and purposes would be an autocratic-caesaropapist constitutional republic), with immense power is vested in a single leader - the Imperator of Caphiria - who serves as head of state and chief executive. Historically, the Imperator ruled by divine right but recently most of the powers of the Imperator have been set forth in Proclamation 9 of the Constitution. This leads to a highly complex system of de jure and de facto authority within the government as powers and duties are not clearly delineated.

Because of this unique system, the Imperator is the de jure head of each of the branches of government. However, the Senate of Caphiria wields significant power over the fiscal responsibilities of the Imperium, as well as possessing the ability to solely bring new laws to vote, and the Supreme Court system has gradually gained a tremendous amount of oversight and control over the application of the law, having the power to declare legislation or executive action made at any level of the government as unconstitutional, nullifying the law and creating precedent for future law and decisions. There have been many amendments to the Constitution to further delineate authority and organize the government further, but because of historical significance of the Imperator, it will always be the single point in which the government of Caphiria stems from.

Executive branch

Main articles: Imperator of Caphiria, Office of the Imperium, and Ministries of Caphiria

The executive power in the government is vested in its entirety through the Imperator of Caphiria. The Imperator governs by way of his imperium maius (supreme executive power), his auctoritas principis (primary legislative authority), and his jure divis (divine mandate as Pope) As its chief executive, the Imperator is head of state and thus head of the Ministries of Caphiria, the trans-parliamentary bodies that administer the functions of the federal government on behalf of the Imperator. He has the ability to appoint and fire ministers, create and dissolve ministries, as well as the responsibility to appoint diplomatic and provincial officials.

The Imperator relies on the Office of the Imperium, the principal executive organ through which his Prime Minister leads. This Office consists of the Prime Minister, the chair of the council, who is appointed by the Imperator after consultations and is confirmed by a vote of both houses of the Senate, and all of the Ministers, according to the request of the Prime Minister. These ministries are the de facto administers of the government of Caphiria, serving the functions of the federal government on behalf of the Imperator. Ultimately though, the powers of the Office of the Imperium rest in the hands of the Imperator of Caphiria until the ministers assume their offices.

While the Imperator maintains executive power at the highest level, he delegates power and authority to a Praetor (governor) to administer the Imperium's 21 provincial-level divisions. Under normal circumstances, available praetorian posts are brought before the Senate in August so that elections can be held to fill them with ambitious citizens. Because praetorship is directly devolved from the Imperator, they are governing as representatives of the Imperator himself and must enforce his will and sovereignty above all else. All members of the patrician class can run for these offices, the stipulation being that they quit their current job and leave for their appointed province no more than two months after winning their election (making holders of major offices such as Princeps Senatus and Imperator ineligible). The purpose behind praetorship is for every province (with the exception of Venceia) to be administered by a citizen from Caphiria itself. This is a relic of the custom of maintaining direct Caphirian rule over all the provinces. However, the Imperator can impeach any reigning praetor, forcing a new election unless the impeachment is vetoed by the Tribune.

The Imperator also serves as military commander-in-chief and chief diplomat, directly presiding over the 13 million active-duty military personnel, 7 million employees within the executive branch, and 4 ministries. While the Imperator possess near limitless executive power, the Senate has the ability to legally oppose most of the Imperator's actions by a super-majority.

Legislative branch

Main article: Corcillum

The legislative branch of Caphiria is called The Corcillum, a tetracameral legislature consisting of four chambers: the National Assembly, Military Assembly, Tribune Assembly, and the Senate. A combination of mais maiorum and statute determines the roles of each chamber. Many measures must be considered by more than one chamber, and these measures are known as "final decrees" (consultum ultimum) as their decisions cannot be overridden due to their acceptance by more than one chamber.

The four chambers are divided into two categories; those which are said to be "representative", which are the Senate and National Assembly, and those which are said to be "meritorious", which are the Military and Tribunal Assemblies. The representative assemblies are viewed as a direct voice of the people of Caphiria within the nation's decision-making, whereas the meritorious chambers are the voice of those who are viewed to have sacrificed on behalf of the nation as a consequence of their service.

Each chamber functions semi-autonomously from one another and as a result, the National Assembly has nominal authority over the entire Corcillum which means the National Assembly is functionally the national legislature. The Military Assembly is composed of every Commander in the Imperial Armed Forces and are responsible of the conduct of wars as well as the prosecution of war and peace. The Tribune Assembly is composed of non-parliamentary magistrates such as Aediles, Proaediles, Censores, and more. The Tribune Assembly is responsible for nationwide administrative tasks, and the organizing and reorganization of provinces and regions. The fourth chamber, the Senate, deals with national economic policy and treaties relating to trade, succession, grants of nobility, and more. Members of the National Assembly and Senate are chosen through direct election and every member of the Corcillum is elected to a five-year term. Through their legislative role, the Imperator is the legal head of the Corcillum (and by extension the head of each chamber) but rarely executes this power. The most-senior official in the Corcillum is the leader of the National Assembly - the First Tribune.

Judicial branch

The judicial branch for the Imperium is the Supreme Court (Tribunalis Ultima) which is itself a function of the Ministry of Justice which administers and oversees the overall judicial system. Decisions ruled as part of a proceeding in the Supreme Court cannot be overruled elsewhere, unless the relevant law is changed by senatus consultum. The Supreme Court system has gradually gained a tremendous amount of oversight and control over the application of the law, having the power to declare legislation or executive action made at any level of the government as unconstitutional, nullifying the law and creating precedent for future law and decisions.

In Caphiria, judges are public officials and, since they exercise one of the sovereign powers of the Imperium, only citizens of the Imperium are eligible for judgeship. In order to become a judge, applicants must obtain a degree of higher education as well as pass written and oral examinations. However, most training and experience is gained through the judicial organization itself. The potential candidates then work their way up from the bottom through promotions. Caphiria's independent judiciary enjoys special constitutional protection from the executive branch. Once appointed, judges serve for life and cannot be removed without specific disciplinary proceedings conducted in due process before the Supreme Court. The Ministry of Justice handles the administration of courts and judiciary, including paying salaries and constructing new courthouses. The Ministry of Justice also administer the prison system. Lastly, the Ministry of Justice receives and processes applications for presidential pardons and proposes legislation dealing with matters of civil or criminal justice.

The structure of the court system in Caphiria is:

  • Inferior courts of original and general jurisdiction Intermediate appellate courts which hear cases on appeal from lower courts,
  • Courts of last resort which hear appeals from lower appellate courts on the interpretation of law,
  • Supreme Court of Caphiria

As the highest court within Caphiria, the Supreme Court ensures the correct application of law in the inferior and appeal courts and resolves disputes as to which lower court (penal, civil, administrative, military) has jurisdiction to hear a given case. The Supreme Court can reject, or confirm, a sentence from a lower court. If it rejects the sentence, it can order the lower court to amend the trial and sentencing, or it can annul the previous sentence altogether. A sentence confirmed by the Supreme Court is final and definitive, and cannot be further appealed for the same reasons. Although the Supreme Court cannot overrule the trial court's interpretation of the evidence it can correct a lower court's interpretation or application of the law connected to a specific case.

According to the Constitution, the Supreme Court shall pass judgement on:

  • controversies on the constitutional legitimacy of laws issued by the State and Provinces and when the Court declares a law unconstitutional, the law ceases to have effect the day after the publication of the ruling,
  • conflicts arising from allocation of powers of the State and those powers allocated to State and Provinces, and between Provinces,
  • charges brought against the Imperator,
  • The constitutional court passes on the constitutionality of laws with no right of appeal.

The Caphirian judicial system is based on civil law and not based on common law. Its core principles are entirely codified into a normative system which serves as the primary source of law, which means judicial decisions of the supreme court, as well as those of lower courts, are binding within the frame of reference of each individual case submitted, but do not constitute the base for judicial precedent for other future cases as in Common Law. It is worth noting that while in Civil Law jurisdictions the doctrine of stare decisis (precedent) does not apply, however, in practice the decisions of the Supreme Court of usually provide a very robust reference point in jurisprudence constante. The two essential aims of the Supreme Court of are to ensure that lower courts correctly follow legal procedure, and to harmonize the interpretation of laws throughout the judicial system.

The Supreme Court is organized into two divisions: a criminal section and a civil section. The court has a general president who is appointed by the Imperator, The Magnus Judex (High Judge), a deputy, and each section has its own president.Cases brought to the supreme court are normally heard by a panel of five judges. In more complex cases, especially those concerning compounded matters of statutory interpretation an extended panel of nine judges hear the case. In addition, in every case submitted to the supreme court, the office of public prosecutor must state their interpretation of the applicable law, to assist and facilitate the court, in a consultative capacity, in reaching its final decision. The Supreme Court itself is composed of 15 judges that are collectively known as the Council of Supreme Judges (Consilio Judicatis Magnus) for the term of service of two lustra (10 years total): 5 appointed by the Imperator, 5 elected by the Senate, and 5 elected by the ordinary and administrative courts. Candidates need to be either lawyers with twenty years or more experience, full professors of law, or (former) members of the Ministry of Justice. The Council then elects the Presidents of the court. The President is elected from among its members in a secret ballot, by an absolute majority (8 votes in the case of a full court). If no person gets a majority, a runoff election between the two judges with the most votes occurs.

As a function of the Ministry of Justice, the High Judge also serves as Prime Minister of the Ministry of Justice which has its own place within the judicial system. The Ministry of Justice arranges the album judicum - a list of every licensed jurist eligible for judging cases in a lawful court - and decides on the time and place of sessions in every Caphirian court of law. It also serves as the backbone for all of the Imperium's provincial and municipal court systems. Each provincial government possesses its own provinciarum judex, or provincial judge, who is subservient to the Ministry of Justice. While provincial judges have some leniency with their rulings and interpretations of the law, they are bound to the interpretation of law from the Ministry of Justice as a whole, meaning any ruling in one province will immediately affect the others.

Budget

Main article: National budget of Caphiria

For fiscal year (FY) 2026, the imperial government spent a total $23.7 trillion, equalling 41% of its GDP. The deficit equaled $779.7 billion, or 1.4% of GDP. Tax revenue amounted to $16.6 trillion and non-tax revenue amounted to $6.3 trillion, with total revenues equalling $22.9 trillion.

Caphiria's domestic debt amounted to $2.7 trillion and with its foreign debt reaching $7.7 trillion, its total debt is $10.5 trillion. Caphiria's debt-to-GDP ratio is 19.2%. As of 2026, the budget of Caphiria is:

Ministry Funding % of budget
Ministry of the Treasury $579,662,193,018 2.58%
Ministry of Justice $1,415,454,192,253 6.3%
Ministry of Diplomacy $2,022,077,417,504 9%
Ministry of Culture $966,103,655,030 4.3%
Ministry of Defense $5,055,193,543,760 22.5%
Ministry of Intelligence $2,022,077,417,504 9%
Censorial Assembly $20,220,774,175 0.09%
Ministry of the Church $20,220,774,175 0.09%
Ministry of Infrastructure $3,100,518,706,839 13.8%
Ministry of Education $2,612,973,373,952 11.63%
Ministry of Health $1,505,324,299,697 6.7%
Ministry of Environment and Horticulture $1,082,934,794,708 4.82%
Ministry of Meteorology $1,100,908,816,197 4.9%
Ministry of Commerce and Trade $963,856,902,344 4.29%
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