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Rusana: Difference between revisions
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|languages2_sub = <!--Is the second alternative type of languages a sub-item of the previous non-sub type? ("yes" or "no")--> | |languages2_sub = <!--Is the second alternative type of languages a sub-item of the previous non-sub type? ("yes" or "no")--> | ||
|ethnic_groups = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; | |ethnic_groups = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; | ||
| | | 57.5% Rusani | ||
| | | 15% Daxian | ||
| | | 10.7% Yue | ||
| | | 9.3% Tauqi | ||
| 7 | | 7.5% Kassar | ||
}} | }} | ||
|ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided)--> | |ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided)--> | ||
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|sovereignty_type = | |sovereignty_type = | ||
|sovereignty_note = | |sovereignty_note = | ||
|established_event1 = | |established_event1 = Ancient Kingdoms | ||
|established_date1 = | |established_date1 = Pre 665 | ||
|established_event2 = | |established_event2 = Oduniyyad Caliphate | ||
|established_date2 = | |established_date2 = 665-860 | ||
|established_event3 = | |established_event3 = Caliphate Successor States | ||
|established_date3 = | |established_date3 = 860-1685 | ||
|established_event4 = | |established_event4 = | ||
|established_date4 = | |established_date4 = | ||
|area_rank = | |area_rank = | ||
|area = | |area = | ||
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=== Early Habitation === | === Early Habitation === | ||
[[File:Gate of Pharod.jpg|thumb|Ruins of the Gate of Pharod|alt=|left]] | [[File:Gate of Pharod.jpg|thumb|Ruins of the Gate of Pharod|alt=|left]] | ||
The territory of modern Rusana has been continously inhabited since at least the fourth millenium BC when migratory waves of people possibly originating in the plains of north [[ | The territory of modern Rusana has been continously inhabited since at least the fourth millenium BC when migratory waves of people possibly originating in the plains of north [[Audonia]] settled in the area. The civilization centered in the ancient city of Pharod dates at least back to 3890 BC according to radiocarbon dating. For much of antiquity the city of Pharod held a preeminent position and its people spread to other parts of modern day Rusana, founding new cities such as Nasrad, Khaton, Turaq and Rilban. All of these cities had their own kings but they still deferred and sent tribute to Pharod as the mother city. The kings of Pharod promoted agriculture and new methods of irrigation, created the regions first coinage made from hardened clay, instituted an alphabet and writing in clay tablets and began the first roads of hardened dirt to connect cities. Pharodian civilization established diplomatic and trade relations with Daxian proto states to the east and with the polities of the Pukhgundi peninsula to the west. The Pharodians worshiped a pantheon of pagan gods, chief among them Dagan, a god of the sky, with the king serving as Dagan's head priest. This gave the pharodian line of kings a dual role as both secular ruler and head of the state religion. In time this would lead to attempts to bring Pharod's colonies under more direct control, starting a series of bloody conflicts. In 1020 BC an alliance between Nasrad and Khaton started a war against the mother city of Pharod. The Pharodian army was ambushed and all but destroyed at the Battle of Parnaza, leaving the city defenseless and leading to its brutal sacking by the Nasrid and Khaton armies. After this Pharod went into an irreversible decline, with the city no longer ruled by a native king but by bureaucrats from Nasrad and Khaton. Statues and religious icons from the cult of Dagan were moved to Nasrad, signifying the city's new status as the overlord of the region. The collection of cities under the overlordship of Nasrad is now believed by modern historians to have been called the Union of Nasrad and Khaton, as the two victors over Pharod were for a time equals. It's under the reign of King Xvim the Black in 935 BC that the union began to fall apart over disputes centered in religious and diplomatic protocol. Xvim demanded that envoys from Khaton prostrate before him instead of the customary bowing, thus acknowledging the supremacy of Nasrad over Khaton. This dispute broke out into fighting in Pharod between the rival camps, with the Nasrids being chased out of the city. In response Xvim marched his army and laid siege to Pharod, demanding that Khaton surrender control of the city to him. | ||
=== Oduniyyad Caliphate Period (665-860) === | === Oduniyyad Caliphate Period (665-860) === | ||
Starting in 665 CE, the expanding [[Oduniyyad Caliphate]] began its conquest of the southwestern states of [[Alshar]]. The wali of the Bulkawan wilayat, a certain Malik Ibn Harun landed in [[Pukhgundi]] with thirty thousand troops and secured the submission and conversion of its rulers to Islam. He reorganized the kingdom into the Alsar Wilayah with himself as governor. Founding the fort of Haras at the eastern edge of Pukhgundi's territory and leaving a small garrison, Malik Ibn Harun continued his eastern march along the coast into the territory of the Kingdom of Lakdu, his army augmented by five thousand levies from Pukhgundi. Ibn Harun then gained the allegiance of the Lakdu vassal king of Sikam, impressing him with the size of his army and the tenets of Islam. Proceeding east and with his army led by Sikam guides, he outmaneuvered the Lakdu army and defeated it at the battles of Lodran and Porus, ending the kingdom's organized resistance. | Starting in 665 CE, the expanding [[Oduniyyad Caliphate]] began its conquest of the southwestern states of [[Alshar]]. The wali of the Bulkawan wilayat, a certain Malik Ibn Harun landed in [[Pukhgundi]] with thirty thousand troops and secured the submission and conversion of its rulers to Islam. He reorganized the kingdom into the Alsar Wilayah with himself as governor. Founding the fort of Haras at the eastern edge of Pukhgundi's territory and leaving a small garrison, Malik Ibn Harun continued his eastern march along the coast into the territory of the Kingdom of Lakdu, his army augmented by five thousand levies from Pukhgundi. Ibn Harun then gained the allegiance of the Lakdu vassal king of Sikam, impressing him with the size of his army and the tenets of Islam. Proceeding east and with his army led by Sikam guides, he outmaneuvered the Lakdu army and defeated it at the battles of Lodran and Porus, ending the kingdom's organized resistance. | ||
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Rusana follows the traditional republican system of three separate branches that balance each other; an executive led by the popularly elected President who heads the central administration. The President is elected through nationwide elections, every five years and has wide powers over military, economic affairs and foreign policy. The bicameral legislative arm is composed of the Assembly of Tribal Elders and the National Majles, the first is formed by two hundred elders from all of Rusana's ethnic groups and the latter is composed of five hundred elected delegates, with each of the country's 250 districts having two seats, renewed by election every three years. Finally the judiciary is represented by the Supreme Islamic Court and lower level regional courts. | Rusana follows the traditional republican system of three separate branches that balance each other; an executive led by the popularly elected President who heads the central administration. The President is elected through nationwide elections, every five years and has wide powers over military, economic affairs and foreign policy. The bicameral legislative arm is composed of the Assembly of Tribal Elders and the National Majles, the first is formed by two hundred elders from all of Rusana's ethnic groups and the latter is composed of five hundred elected delegates, with each of the country's 250 districts having two seats, renewed by election every three years. Finally the judiciary is represented by the Supreme Islamic Court and lower level regional courts. | ||
====Executive==== | ====Executive==== | ||
The Constitution of Rusana creates a strong presidency, serving as the head of state and Commander-in-Chief of the Rusani Armed Forces. A president is elected with two vice-presidents. The president appoints cabinet ministers and heads of state owned companies, which are to be approved by the National Majles. The President's official residence is the Jalali Palace. | The Constitution of Rusana creates a strong presidency, serving as the head of state and holds power over all public administrative bodies on Rusana in addition to being the Commander-in-Chief of the Rusani Armed Forces. A president is elected with two vice-presidents, all three serve for five years. The president appoints cabinet ministers and heads of state-owned companies, which are to be approved by the National Majles. The President's official residence is the Jalali Palace. | ||
====Legislative==== | ====Legislative==== | ||
The bicameral legislature is formed by an upper-house, the 200-member Assembly of Tribal Elders and a lower-house, the 500-member National Majles. National Majles members are elected via first-past-the-post under universal adult suffrage, representing National Majles constituencies. The constitution reserves 80 seats for women and religious minorities, allocated to political parties based on proportional representation. Members of the Assembly of Tribal Elders are elected by consensus of the legally recognized tribe confederations. | [[File:Rusana Majles.svg|thumb|Composition of the National Majles as of 2030. The government and its allies hold 329 seats versus the opposition's 171 ]] | ||
The bicameral legislature is formed by an upper-house, the 200-member Assembly of Tribal Elders and a lower-house, the 500-member National Majles. National Majles members are elected via first-past-the-post under universal adult suffrage, representing National Majles constituencies. The constitution reserves 80 seats for women and religious minorities, allocated to political parties based on proportional representation. Members of the Assembly of Tribal Elders are elected by consensus of the legally recognized tribe confederations. As currently only Rusani tribes are recognized by the government, the tribal assembly serves as a break on proposals from other ethnic groups. Currently the Majles is dominated by the government's [[Rusana Patriotic Alliance]] and allied parties, together they hold a majority of 329 out of 500 seats. | |||
====Judicial==== | ====Judicial==== | ||
====Political Parties==== | ====Political Parties==== | ||
Main Article: [[Political Parties of Rusana]] | Main Article: [[Political Parties of Rusana]] | ||
Current Rusana politics are divided between two electoral alliances, the conservative Alliance for Prosperity and the relatively moderate Builder's Alliance supported by most ethnic and religious minorities. | Current Rusana politics are divided between two electoral alliances, the conservative Alliance for Prosperity and the relatively moderate Builder's Alliance supported by most ethnic and religious minorities. | ||
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| other = | | other = | ||
| label1 =Rusani|Rusani | | label1 =Rusani|Rusani | ||
| value1 = | | value1 =57.5 | ||
| color1 =MediumSeaGreen | | color1 =MediumSeaGreen | ||
| label2 =Daxian|Daxian | | label2 =Daxian|Daxian | ||
| value2 = | | value2 =15 | ||
| color2 =Gold | | color2 =Gold | ||
| label3 =Yue | | label3 =Yue | ||
| value3 = | | value3 =10.7 | ||
| color3 =Khaki | | color3 =Khaki | ||
| label4 =Tauqi | | label4 =Tauqi | ||
| value4 = | | value4 =9.3 | ||
| color4 =SaddleBrown | | color4 =SaddleBrown | ||
| label5 = | | label5 =Kassar | ||
| value5 =7. | | value5 =7.5 | ||
| color5 | | color5 =OliveDrab | ||
}} | }} | ||
*'''Rusani''' - The Rusani people constitute approximately | *'''Rusani''' - The Rusani people constitute approximately fifty-seven percent of Rusana's population, or just over thirty million people. Rusani are of a mixed Perso-Audonian and West [[Audonia]]n stock, with ancestry most commonly being from [[Umardwal]], [[Bulkh]] and [[Yanuban]] migrants. Rusanis are almost uniformly Muslim, with a divide between followers of the Sunni and the Shia branches. Christianity is practiced only by a few thousand people who are a protected minority. The distinct Rusani ethnic identity only began to emerge long after the collapse of Oduniyyad authority, well into the period where various successor local emirates vied for territorial control; to cement their legitimacy they began to foster a regional identity distinct from the transnational, global Muslim one promoted by the Oduniyyads. | ||
*'''Daxian''' - | *'''Daxian''' - [[Daxian people]] have lived in the eastern parts of Rusana since at least the time of the Xie dinasty. Daxian traders and slavers settled and operated in cities such as Nasrad, Pharod and Fanafa. During times of peace, the trade routes across the Arik mountain range would see constant traffic and the moving of small groups of people going both ways. Daxian presence in the area persisted during the Oduniyyad era and afterwards, with many outwardly converting to Islam to evade the heavy taxation of infidels. Today ethnic Daxians form the largest minority in Rusana and thanks to their links to the government of [[Daxia]] they are an economically and politically relevant group. | ||
*'''Yue''' - | *'''Yue''' - Descendants of tribesmen of the [[Degei Confederation]] who settled in Rusana during the brief dominion of the Degei over the area, abandoned paganism and converted to Islam en masse in the 8th century. The Yue were long seen and treated as outsiders by the Rusani majority and had few employment opportunities outside of agriculture, until the emirates of the region recognized them as valuable cavalry soldiers. Members of this class of cavalrymen rose at times to positions of great influence in service to their masters. Today the Yue are a minority that is well integrated with the Rusani while maintaining their cultural nomadic traditions. | ||
*'''Tauqi''' - | *'''Tauqi''' - The Tauqi claim descent from the pre Islamic population of the region, namely the people of Nasrad and its subordinate city states. They speak a language that is confirmed to be related to ancient Nasrid although in actuality has many loanwords of Rusani origin. Tauqi practice Islam, Christianity and a minority keep the old Pagan rites of Nasrad. | ||
*'''Kassar''' - The Kassar people are according to anthropologists, descended from slaves transplanted from southern [[Sarpedon]] by the Oduniyyads. As such their complexion is markedly different from the Rusani majority, resembling instead a Slavic people. The Kassar adhere mostly to Christianity and this has made them a target of oppression, especially during the [[Rusani Civil War|civil war]]. They maintain a well armed militia for self defense while the [[Political_Parties_of_Rusana#Kassar_Front|Kassar Front]] political party champions their interest in the Majles. | |||
*'''Kassar''' - | |||
===Major Tribes=== | ===Major Tribes=== | ||
===Religion=== | ===Religion=== | ||
==Culture== | ==Culture== | ||
===Music=== | ===Music=== | ||
===Cuisine=== | ===Cuisine=== | ||
==Economy== | ==Economy== | ||
{{Pie chart | {{Pie chart | ||
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| color3 =#00BFFF | | color3 =#00BFFF | ||
}} | }} | ||
Rusana has a mixed economy that is heavily slanted towards the primary sector and resource extraction. Agriculture, fishing, mining and oil extraction account for over forty percent of the national gross domestic product. The agriculture sector is the single largest employer in the country, accounting for some 25% of jobs. Despite this it suffers from chronic underfunding by government and decaying water infrastructure. Rusana depends on water sources located in Daxia for up to 35% of its needs. The current status and cubic meters of water alloted for Rusana are under constant renegotiation which creates uncertainty for Rusani farmers. Despite all these hurdles, Rusani olives and citruc are prized in the region for their high quality and taste. The mining and oil industries are mostly in the hands of Daxian companies due to the lack of funds and necessary technology by local companies to properly exploit these resources. The Rusani government typically enters in royalty sharing contracts with Daxian transnationals. Light industry and manufacturing that is not capital intensive represents the next largest sector of the economy, with a focus on consumer goods. This allows the Rusanan economy to cover the entire supply chain for many perishable goods that it in turns exports to parts of | [[File:Soap4.jpg|thumb|Soapmaking workshop in [[Tabish]]]] | ||
Rusana has a mixed economy that is heavily slanted towards the primary sector and resource extraction. Agriculture, fishing, mining and oil extraction account for over forty percent of the national gross domestic product. The agriculture sector is the single largest employer in the country, accounting for some 25% of jobs. Despite this it suffers from chronic underfunding by government and decaying water infrastructure. Rusana depends on water sources located in Daxia for up to 35% of its needs. The current status and cubic meters of water alloted for Rusana are under constant renegotiation which creates uncertainty for Rusani farmers. Despite all these hurdles, Rusani olives and citruc are prized in the region for their high quality and taste. The mining and oil industries are mostly in the hands of Daxian companies due to the lack of funds and necessary technology by local companies to properly exploit these resources. The Rusani government typically enters in royalty sharing contracts with Daxian transnationals. Light industry and manufacturing that is not capital intensive represents the next largest sector of the economy, with a focus on consumer goods. This allows the Rusanan economy to cover the entire supply chain for many perishable goods that it in turns exports to parts of Audonia. Tourism was a moribund sector due to insecurity until only a few years ago but greater policing of tourist areas is leading to a bit of a small boom in visitors, which gives the local economy a much needed injection of foreign currency. Rusana has sizable proven reserves of natural gas, due to a lack of funds for investment to develop gas fields, the country has partnered mainly with Daxian gas companies to get the industry going. A Rusana-Daxia gas pipeline with the capacity to transport 2.3 billion cubic feet per day of dry gas is slated to be operational by the second quarter of 2032, with completion of the Rusana section at approximately 72%. | |||
[[File:Olives3.jpg|Merchant offering a variety of olives in a bazaar|thumb]] | |||
Supply inefficiencies, widespread corruption and political instability have proven to be persistent obstacles to sustained economig growth, averaging a growth of only 3% annually for the past ten years. The government has planned to adress many of the systemic economic problems with its 'Future Rusana 2050' plan which calls for tax reform, increased road, power and water infrastructure to boost regional connectivity, increased funding for security, the creation of a national anti corruption watchdog among other initiatives. The clear inability of the government to fund even half of these plans has led critics to believe that Daxian funding might eventually be brought in, with attached strings. | Supply inefficiencies, widespread corruption and political instability have proven to be persistent obstacles to sustained economig growth, averaging a growth of only 3% annually for the past ten years. The government has planned to adress many of the systemic economic problems with its 'Future Rusana 2050' plan which calls for tax reform, increased road, power and water infrastructure to boost regional connectivity, increased funding for security, the creation of a national anti corruption watchdog among other initiatives. The clear inability of the government to fund even half of these plans has led critics to believe that Daxian funding might eventually be brought in, with attached strings. | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
File:Bread2.jpg|Automated bakery | File:Bread2.jpg|Automated bakery | ||
File:Pink Salt.jpg|Worker sorts chunks of pink salt | File:Pink Salt.jpg|Worker sorts chunks of pink salt | ||
File:Olives2.jpg|Olive trees in Droon Valley | File:Olives2.jpg|Olive trees in Droon Valley | ||
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File:Salt workers.jpg|Workers gathering salt above ground | File:Salt workers.jpg|Workers gathering salt above ground | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==Military== | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
{{Audonia topics}} | {{Audonia topics}} | ||