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During the colonial period, Santiago was part of the Caphirian Imperium and was known as the region of Sancti. The Caphirians established numerous settlements throughout the region, including Suriana, which would later become the capital of Santiago. However, the colonial era was marked by widespread exploitation and mistreatment of the indigenous population, as well as the forced labor of enslaved people brought over to work on the region's large sugar and coffee plantations. | During the colonial period, Santiago was part of the Caphirian Imperium and was known as the region of Sancti. The Caphirians established numerous settlements throughout the region, including Suriana, which would later become the capital of Santiago. However, the colonial era was marked by widespread exploitation and mistreatment of the indigenous population, as well as the forced labor of enslaved people brought over to work on the region's large sugar and coffee plantations. | ||
In the early 17th century, Santiago played a key role in the movement for Cartadanian independence from Caphiria. The region's strategic location made it an important center for resistance movements, and many important figures in the fight for independence hailed from Santiago. After a long, drawnout struggle, Cartadania finally gained its independence in 1618, and Santiago became one of the country's first states, ratifying the constitution 5 January 1619. One of the most significant events in Santiago's recent history was the [[Ano | In the early 17th century, Santiago played a key role in the movement for Cartadanian independence from Caphiria. The region's strategic location made it an important center for resistance movements, and many important figures in the fight for independence hailed from Santiago. After a long, drawnout struggle, Cartadania finally gained its independence in 1618, and Santiago became one of the country's first states, ratifying the constitution 5 January 1619. One of the most significant events in Santiago's recent history was the [[Ano Vermelho]], a period of political turmoil and violence that lasted from 1697 to 1698, a part of the larger [[Luson Rebellion]] from 1697 to 1710. During this time, the country was ruled by a {{wp|Dominant minority|minoritarian elite}} government, and many citizens were oppressed for their stature in Cartadanian society, especially as it pertained to wealth and income. Santiago was one of the regions hardest hit by the violence of the Ano Vermelho, alongside Alexandria and Verona, and many of its citizens suffered greatly during this dark period in Cartadanian history. | ||
During the 18th century, Santiago experienced significant growth and development in various sectors. The state's economy began to diversify beyond just agriculture, with the establishment of transportation networks and defense infrastructure. The development of the gold and diamond mining industry in the region also contributed to the state's economic growth during this period. The mining towns of Diamantina and Guarugoinhas were established during this time and became important centers of commerce and culture. | During the 18th century, Santiago experienced significant growth and development in various sectors. The state's economy began to diversify beyond just agriculture, with the establishment of transportation networks and defense infrastructure. The development of the gold and diamond mining industry in the region also contributed to the state's economic growth during this period. The mining towns of Diamantina and Guarugoinhas were established during this time and became important centers of commerce and culture. | ||
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=== Judicial branch === | === Judicial branch === | ||
{{Main|Judiciary of Santiago}} | {{Main|Judiciary of Santiago}} | ||
Santiago's state court system is a vital component of the state's government structure. The court system comprises several different courts with varying jurisdictions, each with a unique role to play in administering justice in the state. One interesting aspect of the Santiago court system is the method of judicial selection. Santiago, along with [[Alexandria]] and [[ | Santiago's state court system is a vital component of the state's government structure. The court system comprises several different courts with varying jurisdictions, each with a unique role to play in administering justice in the state. One interesting aspect of the Santiago court system is the method of judicial selection. Santiago, along with [[Alexandria]] and [[Maresia]], uses a legislative selection method for choosing judges. This means that the state legislature, rather than the Governor or a judicial nominating commission, is responsible for selecting judges. This method has been in use in Santiago since before it gained statehood and has remained a unique feature of the state's judiciary. | ||
At the highest level is the Santiago Supreme Court, which serves as the court of last resort for the state. Established in 1619, the Supreme Court has seven judgeships, each appointed and confirmed by the Senate. The court hears appeals from the lower courts, including the Court of Appeals and the Circuit Courts, and it may also issue advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by the Governor or the state legislature. | At the highest level is the Santiago Supreme Court, which serves as the court of last resort for the state. Established in 1619, the Supreme Court has seven judgeships, each appointed and confirmed by the Senate. The court hears appeals from the lower courts, including the Court of Appeals and the Circuit Courts, and it may also issue advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by the Governor or the state legislature. | ||
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== Architecture == | == Architecture == | ||
[[File:Murcia Cathedral 2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Baíavila Cathedral in Baíavila.]] | |||
Santiago has a rich architectural heritage, influenced by a variety of cultures including Cognatian, Indigenous, and Levantine. The historic architecture of Santiago's capital city is characterized by colonial Cognatian and neoclassical styles, evident in the grand facades of government buildings and churches throughout the city. One of the most notable examples of colonial architecture in Santiago is the Baíavila Cathedral, which was built in the early 17th century and features intricate stone carvings and baroque embellishments. | |||
Santiago's architecture also reflects the state's diverse cultural heritage. The state has a significant population of Indigenous Cartadanians, and their influence can be seen in the traditional houses and other buildings found in rural areas. The state also has a long history of Levantine culture, which is reflected in the architecture of some of the state's historic neighborhoods, such as the Burgundieville district in the city of [[Santa Maria, Santiago|Santa Maria]]. | |||
In addition to historic architecture, Santiago is also home to many modern and contemporary buildings, particularly in its urban areas. Skyscrapers and high-rise buildings are common in the state's major cities, reflecting the state's economic growth and modernization. | |||
== Education == | == Education == | ||
{{Main|Education in Santiago}} | |||
[[File:McCormack Building (Boston) - SA06963.JPG|thumb|left|150px|Santiago Department of Education building in Suriana.]] | |||
Santiago's educational system is one of the most extensive in the country, with a vast network of public schools and school districts serving its diverse population. The public school system in Santiago is organized at the county level, with 91 regular school districts and two special school districts, serving a total of 8,283,620 students as of 2030. | |||
Newport County, with more than 620,000 students, is the largest of the regular school districts in Santiago, while Tiberia County is the smallest, with only around 4,000 students. Despite this large variation in district sizes, Santiago remains committed to providing high-quality education to all of its students. In fact, the state spent an average of €19,500 per student, which is the 10th highest in the country when it comes to per-pupil expenditures. | |||
The Santiago Department of Education oversees the primary and secondary school systems in the state. Each school district is governed by an elected Board of Education, which is responsible for setting policy, budgeting, establishing goals, and approving expenditures. The Superintendent of Schools is tasked with the management and oversight of the school districts. One of the unique aspects of education in Santiago is the requirement for the Santiago Department of Education to train educators in teaching Cartadanian for Speakers of Other Languages ({{lang-cd|Cartadaniano para falantes de outras línguas}}), known as CAFOL. This is a reflection of the state's diverse population and its commitment to providing education to all students, regardless of their language or backgroun | |||
=== Higher education === | === Higher education === | ||
[[File:Shalala_Student_Center.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The University of Santiago student center.]] | |||
Santiago is home to a robust higher education system. With eight public universities serving the state's population, these universities offer a diverse range of academic programs, from liberal arts and sciences to professional degrees in engineering, law, and medicine. | |||
Santiago Pantanal University, founded in 1706, is the oldest public university in the state and is known for its programs in the humanities and social sciences. Santiago Polytechnic University, established in 1857, offers programs in engineering, architecture, and other technical fields. Santiago Ridgeland University, founded in 1863, has a strong focus on business and management education. Santiago State University, established in 1935, is one of the largest public universities in the state, with over 70,000 students enrolled in its undergraduate and graduate programs. The University of Central Santiago, founded in 1944, offers programs in education, health sciences, and social work. The University of North Santiago, established in 1950, is known for its programs in agriculture, forestry, and natural resources. | |||
The University of Santiago, founded in 1883, is the state's flagship institution and the largest public university in the state. It offers a wide range of academic programs, including programs in law, medicine, and engineering. The university is located on a sprawling campus just outside of Newport and enrolls over 83,000 students as of the most recent school year. Finally, the University of South Santiago, established in 1976, offers programs in the arts, humanities, and social sciences. | |||
The universities in Santiago are known for their high academic standards and research output, and they attract students from all over the country and the world. Many of these universities have well-equipped libraries, research facilities, and cultural centers that serve not only their own students but also the larger community. Additionally, these universities are often major employers in their respective regions, providing job opportunities for faculty, staff, and support personnel. | |||
[[File:Scottsdale Community College Business School.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The Priscilian College Suriana campus' Business School.]] | |||
The Santiago State College System plays a critical role in the state's higher education landscape, offering accessible and affordable education to a diverse population of students. The system includes 32 public community and state colleges, each with multiple campuses located throughout the state. This provides students with a range of options for where they can pursue their studies, whether they prefer to stay close to home or explore a different part of the state. | |||
The system's colleges offer a wide range of degree and certificate programs, from associate degrees in technical fields to certificates for training and CEUs. They also provide vocational and workforce training programs that prepare students for jobs in high-demand industries such as healthcare, information technology, and advanced manufacturing. | |||
With over 2.3 million students enrolled in the system as of 2029, the Santiago State College System is one of the largest and most diverse higher education systems in the country. It is committed to providing quality education and support services to all students, including those from traditionally underrepresented backgrounds, such as low-income, first-generation, and minority students. The system also offers extensive resources for students, such as tutoring services, career counseling, and financial aid, to ensure that they have the tools they need to succeed in college and beyond. | |||
== Transportation == | == Transportation == | ||
=== Highways and roads === | === Highways and roads === | ||
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[[Category: Cartadania]] | [[Category: Cartadania]] | ||
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[[Category:2022 Award winning pages]] | [[Category:2022 Award winning pages]] | ||
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[[Category: Santiago]] | [[Category: Santiago]] | ||
[[Category:States of Cartadania]] | [[Category:States of Cartadania]] | ||