Great Levantia and Melvyn Kalma's cult of personality: Difference between pages

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[[File:Cape father of the nation.png|thumb|330px|The grandiose [[Mausoleum of the National Father]], where Kalma’s remains are interred.]]
{{Infobox former country
'''Melvyn Kalma’s cult of personality''' was and is still a major element of the politics of the [[the Cape|Federacy of the Cape]]. Although initiated by himself during the final years of his rule to cement his legacy as the first [[Chief of the Republic]] and [[Prime Executive]] of the Cape and the legacy of his [[Restarkism|reforms]], it was continued and popularized extensively by members of his own [[Republican Nationalist Party]] and the regime of the [[National Reclamation Government]]. It has been described as the “world’s longest-running {{wp|personality cult}}”.
| native_name      = ''Magna Levantia''
| conventional_long_name = Divine Realm of Great Levantia
| common_name      =
| image_flag        =
| flag_caption      =
| image_coat        =
| symbol_type      =
| image_map        =
| image_map_caption = A map of Levantia in approximately 100 AD
| image_map2        =
| map_caption2      =
| stat_area1        =
| stat_year1        =
| national_motto    = <!--English translation?-->
| era              =
| national_anthem  =
| life_span        = 570 BC–502 AD
| event_start      =
| year_start        =
| date_end          =
| date_start        =
| event1            =
| date_event1      =
| event2            =
| date_event2      =
| event3            =
| date_event3      =
| event4            =
| date_event4      =
| event5            =
| date_event5      =
| event_end        =
| year_end          =
| p1                =
| s1                =
| common_languages  = Classic Latinic
| government_type  = Constitutional republic, later Absolute Theocratic Monarchy, then Military dictatorship
| title_leader      =
| leader1          =
| year_leader1      =
| leader2          =
| year_leader2      =
| title_deputy      =
| deputy1          =
| year_deputy1      =
| deputy2          =
| year_deputy2      =
| capital          = [[Urceopolis (City)|Urceopolis]]
| legislature      =
| religion          = Levantine Godstate (''to 314'')<br>[[Catholic Church|Catholicism]] (''from 314'')
| currency          =
| royal_anthem      =
| demonym          =
| area_km2          =
| area_rank        =
| GDP_PPP          =
| GDP_PPP_year      =
| HDI              =
| HDI_year          =
| event_pre=
}}


'''Great Levantia''', in its latter stages sometimes called the '''Levantine Potentate''', was a civilization in ancient [[Levantia]], which began as an [[Adonerum|Adonerii]] string of settlements in Levantia and centered on [[Urceopolis (City)|Urceopolis]], conventionally agreed upon to have been founded in 887 BC. Great Levantia expanded to become one of the largest empires in the ancient world.
==Overview==
Melvyn Kalma led the [[National Revolutionary Army]] in the [[Capetian War of Independence]] in the final years of the 19th century, defeating both [[Kiravia]] and [[Cartadania|Cartadanian]] [[Natalia]] to achieve Capetian independence by 1901.  
Under his leadership as both first {{wp|head of state}} and {{wp|head of government}}, the modern Capetian republic, the Federacy of the Cape, was declared.  


In its many centuries of existence, the Levantine state evolved from a league of city-states to a classical republic and then to an increasingly autocratic hereditary theocratic monarchy and finally to a military dictatorship. Through conquest and assimilation, it eventually dominated the [[Odoneru Ocean|Odoneran coast]] and most of south and northeastern [[Levantia]]. It is sometimes grouped into classical antiquity together with its predecessor [[Adonerum]] and ancient [[Ancient Istroyan civilization|Istroya]], and their similar cultures and societies are considered to be the nucleus of the modern [[Occidental world]].
Under his leadership as [[Prime Executive]], Kalma embarked on a variety of reforms, {{wp|Westernization|Occidentalizing}} the Cape, and laying the groundwork for [[Cape nationalism]] and the birth of a coherent national identity from the three ethnicities that composed the country. To these ends, Kalma {{wp|secularism|secularized}} the state, enacted a Western code of fundamental rights, instituted industrializing reforms, and promoted [[Cape Coscivian]] - a form of mutually intelligible creole popular in the southern Cape Peninsula - into a national language. Doing so, he is credited by many Capetians today for transforming the Cape into a modern {{wp|nation state}} governed as a {{wp|constitutional republic}}.


Ancient Levantine civilisation has contributed to modern language, religion, society, technology, law, politics, government, warfare, art, literature, architecture and engineering. Levantia professionalised and expanded its military and created a system of government called res publica, the inspiration for modern republics. It achieved impressive technological and architectural feats, such as the construction of an extensive system of aqueducts and roads, as well as the construction of large monuments, palaces, and public facilities.
Following his death he was honoured with a variety of titles by the Supreme National Assembly, including “the {{wp|Father of the Nation}}”, “{{wp|Pater Patriae|Father of the Fatherland}}”, “the Marshal”, and “the Great Teacher”. He is known simply in Capetian vernacular as ''Prezident'' - “the President”, held in contrast to the term ''Restarkima'', the modern term for the Capetian [[Chief of the Republic|presidency]]. He still holds the eternal chairmanship of his [[Republican Nationalist Party]].


Plagued by internal instability and attacked by various migrating peoples, the Levantine empire broke up into independent "barbarian" kingdoms in the 5th century. This splintering is a landmark historians use to divide the ancient period of universal history from the pre-medieval period.
==Characteristics==
Kalma’s legacy remains arguably the central element of Capetian politics into the 21st century. Almost every Capetian city has streets named after him, a memorial in his honour, with statues and portraits found in city squares, classrooms, public offices, and Capetian embassies abroad. A large {{wp|mausoleum}} in his honour, the [[Mausoleum of the National Father]], sits above Cape Town, and the city of [[Kalmasar]], home to a majority of the Federacy’s ministries and its bureaucracy, bears his name.  


Due to Great Levantia's vast extent and long endurance, the institutions and culture of Rome had a profound and lasting influence on the development of language, religion, architecture, philosophy, law, and forms of government in the territory it governed. The Latin language of the Levantines evolved into the Romance languages of the medieval and modern world. Its adoption of Christianity led to the formation of Christendom during the Middle Ages. Istroyan and Levantine art had a profound impact on the late medieval Latinic Renaissance, while early Levantia's republican institutions influenced the political development of later republics. The corpus of Levantine law has its descendants in many legal systems of the world today. Great Levantia's architectural tradition served as the basis for Neoclassical architecture.
===In society===
Although his cult of personality has been compared to that of [[Linge Chen]] in 21st century [[Corumm]], Kalma’s cult differs as it was largely constructed after his death and in honour of his progressive and democratic reforms. He remains immensely popular in the Capetian consciousness, with every government and military coup following his death invoking his memory and contributing to the cult.  


== Etymology ==
Kiravian journalist V. X. Xoman remarked that:


== History ==
{{quote|quote=Thanks to him, every Capetian lives in a society that would have not existed without his effort. The legacy of his influence bears heavily on the nation. Sure, images of his face may appear in almost all official contexts from the headers of high-school exam papers to the largest banknotes - but they also appear spontaneously as fresheners hanging from car mirrors, in posters that adorn supermarkets, and in portraits that appear everywhere from private homes to the chicest of Cape Town cafes. }}


=== Eastern Adonerii ===
===In politics===
{{Main|Latin Heroic Age}}
[[File:Ataturk Airport Karakas-1.jpg|thumb|250px|An aerial view of [[Cape Town]]’s [[Melvyn Kalma Airport]].]]
Kalma’s legacy has been invoked by every government since his death. Similar to the cult of the [[Marble Emperor]] in [[Kiravia]], Kalma’s name is used to lend legitimacy to state actions and ideologies that he, as a deceased person, could not possibly agree to. For example, his name was used by both the Communist insurgency of the 1990s and the government that opposed it; the former appealing to his ideations of worker-liberation and the latter appealing to his ideas of nationalism and unity.


=== Republic ===
Constitutional amendments proposed in the Supreme National Assembly begin with “in the honour of great Kalma”, and the phrase “as decreed by the National Father” is used before the delivery of the {{wp|Miranda warning|Miranda rights}}.


==== Pictor ====
Appeals to his authority (known colloquially as appeals to Kalma) are common in Capetian politics. In instrumental terms, his name has been used successively by military leaders to overthrow elected governments. In ceremonial terms, every military coup concludes with an address to Kalma, and addresses opening a new convocation of the [[National Stanera]] are delivered at his Mausoleum and occasionally addressed to him.


=== Potentate – the Principate ===
===Kalma law===
Kalma’s legacy is protected under the 1951 [[Constitution of the Federacy of the Cape]], which declares illegal “insults towards his reforms, memory, and legacy”. Laws passed since have criminalized criticisms of his memory and are punishable with up to a year in prison and a fine of ₴100,000 Saers. In 2023, 14 people were charged under this law.


=== Potentate – the Dominate ===
==Sociological analysis==
A variety of parallels have been drawn between his cult and that of Kiravia’s [[Marble Emperor]].


=== Fall of Great Levantia ===
Coscivian nationalist historiography has asserted the “artificial” supplementation of the Marble Emperor with Melvyn Kalma in the consciousness of ethnically Coscivian Capetians by the Capetian state.
==== Loss of Gaul ====
==== Rump Empire ====
Following more than a century of military setbacks and establishment of barbarian kingdoms within the traditional boundaries of Great Levantia, central authority began to collapse beginning in around 480 AD. By this time, Great Levantia was mostly contained to the northern two-thirds of modern [[Urcea]], most of [[Burgundie]] and most of [[Dericania]]. The province of [[Pralia Mountains|Pralia]] Maritima - an area approximately encompassing modern [[Roscampus]], [[Lower Carolina]], and southern [[Carna]] - declared that it would appoint its own governors internally in the year 482, denying the right traditionally reserved only to Imperial authorities. When the Imperial appointed governor died in 484, an Imperial army tried and failed to force a new appointee there, with the Imperator suing for peace. The capitulation of the Imperial court lead to most other provinces assuming responsibility for their own governance and protection. The transition to local rule occurred rapidly between 484 and 490, with most provinces ceasing sending taxes on to [[Urceopolis (City)|Urceopolis]] in the latter year. From 490, the authority of the Emperor in [[Urceopolis (City)|Urceopolis]] covered about the eastern half of the modern [[Archduchy of Urceopolis]] and the direct areas of the [[Urce River]] valley . A second campaign waged in 492 to reestablish control failed and saw the Emperor Candidius, deposed. Provincial armies besieged Urceopolis in 492 and induced the [[Levantine Senate]] to recognize an Imperial bureaucrat named Silvanus as Emperor. Distrusted by the Urceopolitans, Silvanus recognized the total autonomy of the provinces but made serious efforts to reform the Imperial "core lands" he had direct control over in order to potentially strengthen the power of the Imperial office. Silvanus built the last aqueduct in 496 and reinforced the city walls. As a career administrator, Silvanus attempted to streamline Imperial governance and eliminated many extraneous court positions, angering prominent Urceopolitan families. He also made efforts to reform taxation and remove some privileges for those in Urceopolis in order to refill the Imperial coffers.
==== End of the Empire ====
The reforms of Silvanus significantly angered the noble families of Urceopolis, not only due to fact that the nobility were targeted but also because it was clear the Imperial court and its policy aims were becoming an anachronism. The rest of Great Levantia was now under barbarian occupation or a functionally independent province; accordingly, the Imperial court was raising funds for a project that had failed and served no purpose. Accordingly, the nobles launched a conspiracy which deposed the Emperor Silvanus on 22 May 502. Rather than replace him, however, they left the office vacant and distributed the various regalia and other court objects to the provincial governors. The nobles established a new [[Duchy of Urceopolis]] under the leadership of an elective ''Dux''. Many of the outlying cities and areas of the remaining rump Empire did not participate in this new govenrment, instead finding protection under the provincial leaders. The new Duchy was a loosely organized government intended to serve the interests of the nobility, but the competing interests of the nobility lead to an extremely weak government. By 550, the [[Urce River]] area was dotted with only loosely affiliated fortified noble estates and [[Urceopolis (City)|Urceopolis]] was largely abandoned due to continuing violence and also due to the aqueducts having been destroyed in one of the noble feuds that ensued.  


With the vacancy of the Imperial office, it became clear to most that the Great Levantine state had come to an end, but Great Levantine identity and society continued onward. Many of the Imperial provinces continued to function nominally as provinces until the early 510s, when the governor of Pralia Maritima dropped the pretense and had himself crowned King - ''Rex''. Most of the other provinces followed suit. The leader of one province - that of Vorenia Occidens (approximately modern [[Vorenia]]) - had himself proclaimed {{wp|Augustus}} in 518 and announced his intention to reclaim [[Urceopolis (City)|Urceopolis]], but following some successes he was defeated by a coalition of provincial kings and barbarian tribes and deposed, representing the last attempt to continue the classical Empire.
== Society ==
=== Law ===
=== Class structure ===
=== Education ===
=== Government ===
The governing structure of Great Levantia changed considerably throughout its millennia in existence. For the first five hundred years of the state, Great Levantia was a classical republic featuring a non-legislative elder council known as the Senate, two executive consuls, a popular assembly through which laws were passed, and a variety of magistrates who served in various administrative roles. Historians believe this form of government was adapted from other city-states within [[Adonerum]] given its remarkable similarity to apparatuses within the modern [[Government of Caphiria]]. Not all of the institutions mentioned or typically associated with the republican government existed at the beginning; many scholars have argued that the Consular office and Senate were initially one body, an executive college of sorts, that eventually was divided into two separate institutions. Within the government, Great Levantia's class system - of noble patricians and plebians - influenced who could hold office. Throughout the republican period, plebians made continued advances towards gaining power, and the increase of the power of the Popular Assembly caused considerably instability during the final century of the republic's existence.
=== Military ===
=== Economy ===
Much of the economy of Great Levantia was based on [[Slavery in Great Levantia|slavery]].
=== Family ===
== Culture ==
=== Language ===
=== Religion ===
=== Ethics and morality ===
=== Art, music and literature ===
=== Cuisine ===
== Technology ==
== Legacy ==
[[Category: Levantia]]
[[Category: Great Levantia]]
[[Category:IXWB]]
[[Category:IXWB]]
[[Category: Historical countries]]
[[Category:Politics]]
[[Category:Occidental civilisation]]
[[Category: Problem Article]]

Revision as of 06:34, 20 October 2022

The grandiose Mausoleum of the National Father, where Kalma’s remains are interred.

Melvyn Kalma’s cult of personality was and is still a major element of the politics of the Federacy of the Cape. Although initiated by himself during the final years of his rule to cement his legacy as the first Chief of the Republic and Prime Executive of the Cape and the legacy of his reforms, it was continued and popularized extensively by members of his own Republican Nationalist Party and the regime of the National Reclamation Government. It has been described as the “world’s longest-running personality cult”.

Overview

Melvyn Kalma led the National Revolutionary Army in the Capetian War of Independence in the final years of the 19th century, defeating both Kiravia and Cartadanian Natalia to achieve Capetian independence by 1901. Under his leadership as both first head of state and head of government, the modern Capetian republic, the Federacy of the Cape, was declared.

Under his leadership as Prime Executive, Kalma embarked on a variety of reforms, Occidentalizing the Cape, and laying the groundwork for Cape nationalism and the birth of a coherent national identity from the three ethnicities that composed the country. To these ends, Kalma secularized the state, enacted a Western code of fundamental rights, instituted industrializing reforms, and promoted Cape Coscivian - a form of mutually intelligible creole popular in the southern Cape Peninsula - into a national language. Doing so, he is credited by many Capetians today for transforming the Cape into a modern nation state governed as a constitutional republic.

Following his death he was honoured with a variety of titles by the Supreme National Assembly, including “the Father of the Nation”, “Father of the Fatherland”, “the Marshal”, and “the Great Teacher”. He is known simply in Capetian vernacular as Prezident - “the President”, held in contrast to the term Restarkima, the modern term for the Capetian presidency. He still holds the eternal chairmanship of his Republican Nationalist Party.

Characteristics

Kalma’s legacy remains arguably the central element of Capetian politics into the 21st century. Almost every Capetian city has streets named after him, a memorial in his honour, with statues and portraits found in city squares, classrooms, public offices, and Capetian embassies abroad. A large mausoleum in his honour, the Mausoleum of the National Father, sits above Cape Town, and the city of Kalmasar, home to a majority of the Federacy’s ministries and its bureaucracy, bears his name.

In society

Although his cult of personality has been compared to that of Linge Chen in 21st century Corumm, Kalma’s cult differs as it was largely constructed after his death and in honour of his progressive and democratic reforms. He remains immensely popular in the Capetian consciousness, with every government and military coup following his death invoking his memory and contributing to the cult.

Kiravian journalist V. X. Xoman remarked that:

Thanks to him, every Capetian lives in a society that would have not existed without his effort. The legacy of his influence bears heavily on the nation. Sure, images of his face may appear in almost all official contexts from the headers of high-school exam papers to the largest banknotes - but they also appear spontaneously as fresheners hanging from car mirrors, in posters that adorn supermarkets, and in portraits that appear everywhere from private homes to the chicest of Cape Town cafes.

In politics

An aerial view of Cape Town’s Melvyn Kalma Airport.

Kalma’s legacy has been invoked by every government since his death. Similar to the cult of the Marble Emperor in Kiravia, Kalma’s name is used to lend legitimacy to state actions and ideologies that he, as a deceased person, could not possibly agree to. For example, his name was used by both the Communist insurgency of the 1990s and the government that opposed it; the former appealing to his ideations of worker-liberation and the latter appealing to his ideas of nationalism and unity.

Constitutional amendments proposed in the Supreme National Assembly begin with “in the honour of great Kalma”, and the phrase “as decreed by the National Father” is used before the delivery of the Miranda rights.

Appeals to his authority (known colloquially as appeals to Kalma) are common in Capetian politics. In instrumental terms, his name has been used successively by military leaders to overthrow elected governments. In ceremonial terms, every military coup concludes with an address to Kalma, and addresses opening a new convocation of the National Stanera are delivered at his Mausoleum and occasionally addressed to him.

Kalma law

Kalma’s legacy is protected under the 1951 Constitution of the Federacy of the Cape, which declares illegal “insults towards his reforms, memory, and legacy”. Laws passed since have criminalized criticisms of his memory and are punishable with up to a year in prison and a fine of ₴100,000 Saers. In 2023, 14 people were charged under this law.

Sociological analysis

A variety of parallels have been drawn between his cult and that of Kiravia’s Marble Emperor.

Coscivian nationalist historiography has asserted the “artificial” supplementation of the Marble Emperor with Melvyn Kalma in the consciousness of ethnically Coscivian Capetians by the Capetian state.