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The [[East Arctic Mandate]] is divided into ''raīonya'' and ''vestra'' ("boroughs"), with the latter being functionally equivalent to independent cities. | The [[East Arctic Mandate]] is divided into ''raīonya'' and ''vestra'' ("boroughs"), with the latter being functionally equivalent to independent cities. | ||
== | ==Grades== | ||
Five | Five unofficial grades of countyships may be defined, based on their degree of self-governance: autonomous countyships, home rule countyships, standard countyships, limited or departmental countyships, and non-governing countyships. | ||
'''Autonomous countyships''' have special status, enjoy wide-reaching structural, functional, and fiscal autonomy, and enjoy exemptions from generally applicable state laws. Currently, all autonomous countyships are designated for [[Urom]] communities or National Minority populations, though there have been proposals to create autonomous countyships for other purposes, such as to govern the [[Holden Island]] bistate condominium or to expand casino gambling. | '''Autonomous countyships''' have special status, enjoy wide-reaching structural, functional, and fiscal autonomy, and enjoy exemptions from generally applicable state laws. Currently, all autonomous countyships are designated for [[Urom]] communities or National Minority populations, though there have been proposals to create autonomous countyships for other purposes, such as to govern the [[Holden Island]] bistate condominium or to expand casino gambling. | ||
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In some provinces, and for some specific countyships in other provinces, the countyship government does not exist as an entity distinct from the provincial government. These are classified as '''limited countyships'''. County-level powers are exercised by provincial agencies and appointees, usually in the absence of locally-elected officials or councils. In Itaho-Falkaria, for example, several sparsely-populated countyships are administered directly by the Territorial Forestry Service. In Sydona, Destran Raion is a "raion of republican subordination" administered by a Department of Metropolitan Affairs. | In some provinces, and for some specific countyships in other provinces, the countyship government does not exist as an entity distinct from the provincial government. These are classified as '''limited countyships'''. County-level powers are exercised by provincial agencies and appointees, usually in the absence of locally-elected officials or councils. In Itaho-Falkaria, for example, several sparsely-populated countyships are administered directly by the Territorial Forestry Service. In Sydona, Destran Raion is a "raion of republican subordination" administered by a Department of Metropolitan Affairs. | ||
Some countyships have no government of their own, but nonetheless exist on paper and may be used as a judicial, statistical, and administrative district by other government agencies. In some cases | Some countyships have no government of their own, but nonetheless exist on paper and may be used as a judicial, statistical, and administrative district by other government agencies. In some cases, such '''non-governing countyships''' arose through attrition, as responsibilities of a previous county government were devolved to municipal governments and/or resumed by the state. This has occurred in several countyships in Fariva, the X cantons of [[Valēka]] (each of which is a countyship of Kiygrava State), and all countyships of [[Bissáv]], all of which still have county courts and county registrars. In most cases, however, non-governing countyships are created in areas where no previous county-level government existed, such as islands with no permanent civilian population or small provinces whose territory is coterminous with a single county (Interlacunal District, Fanlin Island). There have been several instances in Kiravian history when entire counties have been depopulated by war, crop failures, or other exceptional circumstances. In [[Kyllera]], individual countyship governments can cease to function for extended periods due to unrest (usually involving the Síruku aboriginals) and disease. In Daridia, it is not uncommon for certain rural counties to elect councils with hardline libertarian majorities that either vote themselves out of existence, refuse to carry out any business, or fail to convene at all. | ||
=Articles on Specific Countyships= | =Articles on Specific Countyships= | ||