Criminal justice system of Caphiria: Difference between revisions
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===== Supreme Court ===== | ===== Supreme Court ===== | ||
{{main|Supreme Court (Caphiria)}} | {{main|Supreme Court (Caphiria)}} | ||
The [[Supreme Court (Caphiria)|Supreme Court of Caphiria]] (''Tribunalis Ultima'') is the highest court within Caphiria and ensures the correct application of law in the inferior and appeal courts and resolves disputes as to which lower court (penal, civil, administrative, military) has jurisdiction to hear a given case. The Supreme Court can reject or confirm a sentence from a lower court. If it rejects the sentence, it can order the lower court to amend the trial and sentencing, or it can annul the previous sentence altogether. A sentence confirmed by the Supreme Court is final and definitive, and cannot be further appealed for the same reasons. Decisions ruled as part of a proceeding in the Supreme Court cannot be overruled elsewhere, unless the relevant law is changed by ''senatus consultum''. Although the Supreme Court cannot overrule the trial court's interpretation of the evidence it can correct a lower court's interpretation or application of the law connected to a specific case | The [[Supreme Court (Caphiria)|Supreme Court of Caphiria]] (''Tribunalis Ultima'') is the highest court within Caphiria and ensures the correct application of law in the inferior and appeal courts and resolves disputes as to which lower court (penal, civil, administrative, military) has jurisdiction to hear a given case. The Supreme Court can reject or confirm a sentence from a lower court. If it rejects the sentence, it can order the lower court to amend the trial and sentencing, or it can annul the previous sentence altogether. A sentence confirmed by the Supreme Court is final and definitive, and cannot be further appealed for the same reasons. Decisions ruled as part of a proceeding in the Supreme Court cannot be overruled elsewhere, unless the relevant law is changed by ''senatus consultum''. Although the Supreme Court cannot overrule the trial court's interpretation of the evidence it can correct a lower court's interpretation or application of the law connected to a specific case | ||
===== Court of Appeals ===== | ===== Court of Appeals ===== | ||
The Court of Appeals are the intermediate appellate courts of Caphiria, with original and appellate jurisdiction to hear cases involving defendants accused of felonies. The Court of Appeals also may hear from the district courts within their borders, or in some instances from other designated national courts and administrative agencies. Three divisions are created within these courts: the criminal division, the labor division, and the civil division, which rules in civil, family and economic law matters. An inspection chamber may be also created to control the courts within the appeal court's jurisdiction | The Court of Appeals are the intermediate appellate courts of Caphiria, with original and appellate jurisdiction to hear cases involving defendants accused of felonies. The Court of Appeals also may hear from the district courts within their borders, or in some instances from other designated national courts and administrative agencies. Three divisions are created within these courts: the criminal division, the labor division, and the civil division, which rules in civil, family and economic law matters. An inspection chamber may be also created to control the courts within the appeal court's jurisdiction | ||
===== District Courts ===== | |||
District Courts are the courts of first instance for the national judicial system of Caphiria. The district court is both the court of original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction. As an appellate court, it hears appeals from the local courts within its territory, usually in specially designed appellate divisions, or, in the case of smaller district courts, sections. There are also limited cases in which this court has original jurisdiction. District courts are courts of law, equity, and admiralty, and can hear both civil and criminal cases. | |||
District Courts have original jurisdiction in felony cases and in civil cases where the disputed amount is over $1,000,000. They also handle bankruptcy hearings. Each District Court trial is presided over by at least one judge: two associate judges are also called in for appellate cases from local courts, or for criminal cases where the maximum penalty would be in excess of one year in prison. Attorneys sit on either side of the courtroom, facing the center. In a criminal case, the accused faces the judges from the rear of the courtroom. The witness box is in the center, also facing the judges. | District Courts have original jurisdiction in felony cases and in civil cases where the disputed amount is over $1,000,000. They also handle bankruptcy hearings. Each District Court trial is presided over by at least one judge: two associate judges are also called in for appellate cases from local courts, or for criminal cases where the maximum penalty would be in excess of one year in prison. Attorneys sit on either side of the courtroom, facing the center. In a criminal case, the accused faces the judges from the rear of the courtroom. The witness box is in the center, also facing the judges. | ||
==== Local ==== | ==== Local ==== |