Kandara: Difference between revisions
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====Khandharan Caliphate and the Queendom of Santasi==== | |||
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File:Queen Sjaro Santasi Kandara.jpg|Queen Sjaro, first and most powerful queen of Santasi | |||
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Even before the fall of the [[Oduniyyad Caliphate]] after the Shia and Sunni ideological split in Islam, the foundations of the Khandharan Caliphate were laid as it became the theological and cultural capital of the Sunni aspects of the [[Oduniyyad Caliphate]]. When the [[Oduniyyad Caliphate]] did eventually fall the Khandharan Caliphate immediately picked up the pieces of the Empire and maintained them in the northeast. It did lose some provinces in the far north and in the interior some to the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate]] and others to what would become the Queendom of Santasi. Santasi was strong in rural areas that had not been under the direct control of the [[Oduniyyad Caliphate]] and had maintained a strong sense it's of its native culture and heritage. Free of the restrictions of Islam, the Santasi re-normalized {{wp|Pre-colonial_history_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo#Religion_and_Spirituality|shamanism}} and {{wp|Pre-colonial_history_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo#Cannibalism|ritual cannabalism}}. Therefore, Santasi eventually became an ethnic afro-state where anyone who opposed the Khandharan Caliphate, and Islam in general, could go to practice their traditional animist religion or also to join the army in opposition to the Khandharan Caliphate. | |||
These two nations occupied the western interior and coastal parts of modern Kandara. The Khandharan Caliphate remained connected to the [[Pre-modern global trade]] networks but the Queendom of Santasi did not and focused more on sustenance farming, herding, and some fishing. The Khandharan Caliphate conducted slaving raids into Santasi territory and sold the slaves onward, but also maintained and secured the [[Silk Road]] for tolls which were the primary large-scale economic drivers of the state. While both states were sovereign in their own right, neither was particularly centralized, powerful, or militarily capable, so when [[Occidental]] colonists showed up in the 16th century they were not prepared. | |||
====Myanga Ayil Khanate==== | ====Myanga Ayil Khanate==== | ||
{{Further|Myanga Ayil Khanate}} | {{Further|Myanga Ayil Khanate}} | ||
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The eastern highlands of Kandara were conquered and ruled by the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate]] from [[1385]]-[[1631]] after which point the [[Kandara|Cote d'Or]] colonial forces captured the area and pushed out the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate]]. The conquered region was the western most edge of the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate's realm]] in that time period and it prospered during the nearly 250 years it was under [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate]] control. It became an important part of the [[Pre-modern global trade]] network serving as the interface between [[Dolong]] and the [[Aab-e-Farus]] which, in turn, connected [[Dolong]] to the [[Pre-modern_global_trade#Sea_of_Istroya_trade_network|Sea of Istroya trade network]]. By securing the Ubakuru River connecting Lakes Nkama and Bongkou, the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate]] created a new north-south trade route which became vital to the expansion of the [[Silk Road]], the [[Pre-modern_global_trade#Incense_trade_route|Incense Route]], and the [[Pre-modern_global_trade#Myanga_Ayil_Khanate's_role_in_the_spice_trade|Spice Trade]]. The region's tribes were organized under war chiefs who pledged fealty to the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khans]] and extracted tolls and protected trade routes in exchange for a portion of the revenues. The war chiefs were also paid to suppressed rebellious tribes through land grants, slaves, and horses from the [[Dolong]] interior. These chiefs became incredibly wealthy and often had retinues of over 10,000 soldiers. However, corruption became rampant, and the retinues became less militarily focused and more intent on political wrangling. By the time of the arrival of the [[Bergendii]] in the early 1600s, the chiefs were easily persuaded away from the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate]] with the promise of more land, greater riches, and more slaves. However, after the retinues failed to live up to expectations, the [[Bergendii]] used them as cannon fodder in their campaigns against the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate]], killed underperforming troops for even the most minor offenses, and disbanded many more. What had once been a feared force of almost 64,000 warriors of the combined retinues, by [[1668]], in the [[Myanga_Ayil_Khanate#Battle_of_Telmen-Uul|Battle of Telmen-Uul]] was merely 5,000 haggard troops of ill-reputation. | The eastern highlands of Kandara were conquered and ruled by the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate]] from [[1385]]-[[1631]] after which point the [[Kandara|Cote d'Or]] colonial forces captured the area and pushed out the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate]]. The conquered region was the western most edge of the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate's realm]] in that time period and it prospered during the nearly 250 years it was under [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate]] control. It became an important part of the [[Pre-modern global trade]] network serving as the interface between [[Dolong]] and the [[Aab-e-Farus]] which, in turn, connected [[Dolong]] to the [[Pre-modern_global_trade#Sea_of_Istroya_trade_network|Sea of Istroya trade network]]. By securing the Ubakuru River connecting Lakes Nkama and Bongkou, the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate]] created a new north-south trade route which became vital to the expansion of the [[Silk Road]], the [[Pre-modern_global_trade#Incense_trade_route|Incense Route]], and the [[Pre-modern_global_trade#Myanga_Ayil_Khanate's_role_in_the_spice_trade|Spice Trade]]. The region's tribes were organized under war chiefs who pledged fealty to the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khans]] and extracted tolls and protected trade routes in exchange for a portion of the revenues. The war chiefs were also paid to suppressed rebellious tribes through land grants, slaves, and horses from the [[Dolong]] interior. These chiefs became incredibly wealthy and often had retinues of over 10,000 soldiers. However, corruption became rampant, and the retinues became less militarily focused and more intent on political wrangling. By the time of the arrival of the [[Bergendii]] in the early 1600s, the chiefs were easily persuaded away from the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate]] with the promise of more land, greater riches, and more slaves. However, after the retinues failed to live up to expectations, the [[Bergendii]] used them as cannon fodder in their campaigns against the [[Myanga Ayil Khanate|Khanate]], killed underperforming troops for even the most minor offenses, and disbanded many more. What had once been a feared force of almost 64,000 warriors of the combined retinues, by [[1668]], in the [[Myanga_Ayil_Khanate#Battle_of_Telmen-Uul|Battle of Telmen-Uul]] was merely 5,000 haggard troops of ill-reputation. | ||
===Early modern history=== | ===Early modern history=== | ||