13,595
edits
Anglei: Difference between revisions
m
→Marcher period
m (→Marcher period) |
|||
| Line 141: | Line 141: | ||
The permanent settlement of the region by the ancestors of the [[Ænglish people]] occurred in the late 7th century, although Ænglish people had alternatively raided and settled portions of [[Great Levantia]] since at least the 4th century. Recognizably Ænglish principalities formed and exerted pressure on the northmost members of the [[Latin League]], with settling Ænglish warlords and tribes beginning to settle in previously [[Latinic people|Latinic]] cities, ruling over Latinics and intermarrying with them. The oncoming Ænglish people also extensively feuded with the [[Garán people]] of what would later become [[Carolina]]. The area later became loosely part of the [[Holy Levantine Empire]] under [[Conchobar I, Emperor of the Levantines]] and then part of the [[Eastern Kingdom of the Levantines|Eastern]] and [[Western Kingdom of the Levantines|Western Kingdoms of the Levantines]] beginning in 917. Many Ænglish tribes were settled by the [[Western Kingdom of the Levantines]] in [[943]] in the heartlands of modern Anglei, forming the nucleus of the Ænglish as a settled peoples. The later fall of the Western Kingdom lead to consistent Gothic incursions into the newly reformed Holy Levantine Empire beginning in 965; the non-Christianized Goths indiscriminately targeted border populations of the Empire, leading to decades of fighting between the Ænglish and Goths. | The permanent settlement of the region by the ancestors of the [[Ænglish people]] occurred in the late 7th century, although Ænglish people had alternatively raided and settled portions of [[Great Levantia]] since at least the 4th century. Recognizably Ænglish principalities formed and exerted pressure on the northmost members of the [[Latin League]], with settling Ænglish warlords and tribes beginning to settle in previously [[Latinic people|Latinic]] cities, ruling over Latinics and intermarrying with them. The oncoming Ænglish people also extensively feuded with the [[Garán people]] of what would later become [[Carolina]]. The area later became loosely part of the [[Holy Levantine Empire]] under [[Conchobar I, Emperor of the Levantines]] and then part of the [[Eastern Kingdom of the Levantines|Eastern]] and [[Western Kingdom of the Levantines|Western Kingdoms of the Levantines]] beginning in 917. Many Ænglish tribes were settled by the [[Western Kingdom of the Levantines]] in [[943]] in the heartlands of modern Anglei, forming the nucleus of the Ænglish as a settled peoples. The later fall of the Western Kingdom lead to consistent Gothic incursions into the newly reformed Holy Levantine Empire beginning in 965; the non-Christianized Goths indiscriminately targeted border populations of the Empire, leading to decades of fighting between the Ænglish and Goths. | ||
===Marcher period=== | ===Marcher period=== | ||
In 1042, Emperor Leo II issued a Golden Bull reorganizing what would later become Anglei into the Ænglish March in order to provide a firmer border defense for the [[Holy Levantine Empire|Levantine Empire]]. The newly created March encompassed all lands settled by Ænglish people in addition to all other western border territories not part of [[Carolina]]. Duke of Holchester Edmund Æthelsbert, previously a vassal of the Emperor under the Kingdom of Dericania, was elevated to Margrave of the Ænglish | In 1042, Emperor Leo II issued a Golden Bull reorganizing what would later become Anglei into the Ænglish March in order to provide a firmer border defense for the [[Holy Levantine Empire|Levantine Empire]]. The newly created March encompassed all lands settled by Ænglish people in addition to all other western border territories not part of [[Carolina]]. Duke of Holchester Edmund Æthelsbert, previously a vassal of the Emperor under the [[Kingdom of Dericania]], was elevated to Margrave of the Ænglish. Margrave Edmund I would become a semi-mythic figure responsible for the full transition from nomadic conquest to a proud, settled people, although most historians suggest that the Ænglish were largely in place before the establishment of the March. Regardless, Margrave Edmund I established a number of important alliances and established the Margraviate as a prestigious member of the Empire. | ||
Edmund I's grandson, Margrave Cuthbert I, began work on a series of fortifications on the border with [[Gothica]] that would eventually become known as the [[Anglasweorc]] in 1121. The initial Anglasweorc included watchtowers along the March's river borders as well as a series of earthworks along land borders and a sparse variety of fortifications and the antecedents of castles. The Anglasweorc would continually be expanded and improved over the next three centuries and would become Anglei's most iconic structure. | Edmund I's grandson, Margrave Cuthbert I, began work on a series of fortifications on the border with [[Gothica]] that would eventually become known as the [[Anglasweorc]] in 1121. The initial Anglasweorc included watchtowers along the March's river borders as well as a series of earthworks along land borders and a sparse variety of fortifications and the antecedents of castles. The Anglasweorc would continually be expanded and improved over the next three centuries and would become Anglei's most iconic structure. | ||
By the end of the 12th century, the [[Anglasweorc]] had been expanded into a series of castles and adaptations of old [[Great Levantia|Great Levantine]] border defenses. The strength of the Anglasweorc allowed the March to begin charging large tolls to Gothic traders seeking to do business within the [[Holy Levantine Empire]], and also eventually allowed the Ænglish to begin exacting tribute from neighboring [[Gothic people|Gothic]] tribes and enforcing peaceful movement of peoples along the border. The influx of tolls and tribute - along with the end of the raiding threat - lead to the March becoming prosperous and prestigious, with the Margrave's court becoming a center of art, fashion, and science. Accordingly, 1200 is traditionally established as the beginning of the "Ænglish golden age". | By the end of the 12th century, the [[Anglasweorc]] had been expanded into a series of castles and adaptations of old [[Great Levantia|Great Levantine]] border defenses. The strength of the Anglasweorc allowed the March to begin charging large tolls to Gothic traders seeking to do business within the [[Holy Levantine Empire]], and also eventually allowed the Ænglish to begin exacting tribute from neighboring [[Gothic people|Gothic]] tribes and enforcing peaceful movement of peoples along the border. The influx of tolls and tribute - along with the end of the raiding threat - lead to the March becoming prosperous and prestigious, with the Margrave's court becoming a center of art, fashion, and science. Accordingly, 1200 is traditionally established as the beginning of the "Ænglish golden age". | ||
During the Marcher period, the Ænglish realm underwent significant legal turmoil as it changed jurisdiction within the [[Holy Levantine Empire]] several times. Upon its creation, it was intended for the March to be a part of the [[Southern Kingdom of the Levantines]], creating a strong neutral counterbalance there to the rising [[Urcea|Julian realm]]. Despite this intention, historians note that Margrave Edmund still mostly functioned as a Dericanian vassal of the Emperor and the realm initially functioned using the laws of that Kingdom. After Edmund's death and for the remaining part of the 11th century, the Margraves of the Ænglish would execute their responsibilities as vassals in the Southern Kingdom. As the Southern Kingdom was dissolved and reforged into the [[Imperial Kingdom of Urcea]] after the [[Golden Bull of 1098]], the Ænglish realm became part of the [[Kingdom of Culfra]] as part of an overall effort to create a loyal realm there in the wake of Culfra's [[Fiannria#The_Realm_of_Culfra_and_the_Crusades|recent uprising]]. Although nominally connected to the rest of the Kingdom by [[Hollona and Diorisia|Hollona's]] northern border, the Ænglish were geographically and culturally remote from the remainder of the Kingdom. In [[1165]], in recognition of this fact, the Ænglish became part of the Kingdom of Dericania but were given {{wp|Imperial immediacy}}, laying the groundwork for its later elevation to Royal dignity. | |||
===Kingdom period=== | ===Kingdom period=== | ||
In 1278, the power and prestige of the expanded March was such that the Emperor of the Levantines elevated the Margrave of the Ænglish to royal dignity, creating the Kingdom of Angla, also sometimes referred to as "Anglia", "Ænglia", or "Ænglaland" and typically referred to internally as the "Kingdom of the Ænglish". Wilfred I was crowned as first King of the Ænglish that year. During this period, the [[Anglasweorc]] was continually improved upon in multiple phases. The wealth of the Ænglish allowed them to focus more on the internal politics of the [[Holy Levantine Empire]] and expand further south and east. | In 1278, the power and prestige of the expanded March was such that the Emperor of the Levantines elevated the Margrave of the Ænglish to royal dignity, creating the Kingdom of Angla, also sometimes referred to as "Anglia", "Ænglia", or "Ænglaland" and typically referred to internally as the "Kingdom of the Ænglish". Wilfred I was crowned as first King of the Ænglish that year. During this period, the [[Anglasweorc]] was continually improved upon in multiple phases. The wealth of the Ænglish allowed them to focus more on the internal politics of the [[Holy Levantine Empire]] and expand further south and east. | ||