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Kiravic Coscivian: Difference between revisions
→Verbs
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All adverbs are notionally derived from adjectives by switching the final ''-x'' to an ''-s'' (''kávix'' ("good") → ''kávis'' ("well"), ''lādéx kèokrúd'' ("stronger than steel") → ''lādés kèokrúd'' ("more strongly than steel")). | All adverbs are notionally derived from adjectives by switching the final ''-x'' to an ''-s'' (''kávix'' ("good") → ''kávis'' ("well"), ''lādéx kèokrúd'' ("stronger than steel") → ''lādés kèokrúd'' ("more strongly than steel")). | ||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
There are only | There are only 25-30 verbs in formal written Kiravic, a great many of which are {{wp|semantic primes}}, such as ''é'' ("be"), ''va'' ("do"), ''sind'' ("to turn, render"), ''kar'' ("make"), ''er'' ("go"), ''kur'' ("put"), and ''send'' ("take"). The range of meaning communicated by these verbs can be quite broad, and is often qualified phrasally by adverbs, nouns, and adpositions. ''Sta'', for example, can mean "see", "hear", "feel", "taste", "smell", "perceive", "realise", or even "imagine". Verbs are not conjugated. Instead, tense, aspect, and mood are marked on nouns in the absolutive case. | ||
Some spoken Kiravic dialects often have verbs not present in the written registers, some of which are quite versatile. ''Śak'', used in parts of Etivéra and Niyaska, can mean "raise/lower", "steal", "work out", "jump", "damage", "bungle", or "break up/crush into pieces". However, many spoken varieties of Kiravic, especially those used by speech communities that shifted to Kiravic from another languages (e.g. Aboriginals or immigrant groups) employ markedly fewer verbs than the written registers. | |||
===Adpositions=== | ===Adpositions=== | ||