Orenvia
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| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Main region(s) |  Cartadania |
| Headquarters | Alahuela, Cartadania |
| Dates of operation | 1 July 1941–present |
| Technical | |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (standard gauge) |
| Electrification | 25 kV 60 Hz AC overhead line |
| Track length | 65,000 kilometres (40,000 mi) |
| Operating speed | 350 kilometres per hour (220 mph) |
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Orenvia, founded in 1941 through the consolidation of LusoRail and RLC, is the primary operator of Cartadania's national railway system. With a vast network spanning over 65,000 kilometres (40,000 mi), Orenvia oversees the country's railway traffic, including its high-speed rail lines, making it a crucial component of Cartadania's transportation infrastructure. The company's operations cover both passenger and freight transportation, with Rail Logistics Cartadania handling the latter. As part of its services, Orenvia ensures the proper maintenance and signaling of the railway infrastructure through its subsidiary Orenvia Complexo, contributing to the safety and reliability of the network.
Orenvia's railway lines are entirely electrified, with high-speed lines accounting for approximately 16,250 kilometres (10,100 mi) of the network. This allows for faster travel times, greater efficiency, and reduced carbon emissions, making it a more sustainable mode of transportation. In 2028, Orenvia transported around 6 billion passengers, highlighting the significance of the company in meeting Cartadania's transportation needs. Additionally, RLC companies transported around 232 million tons of goods in rail freight transport, further emphasizing Orenvia's crucial role in the country's economy.
History
After the Second Great War, Cartadania realized the need to restructure its government agencies to promote efficiency and collaboration. In an effort to modernize its transportation sector, the Department of Transportation underwent significant changes, including the consolidation of CERA, LusoRail, and Rail Logistics Cartadania (LFC) into a single agency, known as Operadora da Rede Nacional Ferrovíario, or Orenvia for short. This merger not only allowed for greater efficiency in project management, but it also helped reduce costs.
As Cartadania continued to electrify its rail network, Orenvia became an essential component of the Department of Transportation, which was also responsible for highway construction and management. In 1983, Cartadania completed the electrification of its entire rail network, which consisted of approximately 65,000 kilometres (40,000 mi) of route, all of which were electrified, with 16,250 kilometres (10,100 mi) dedicated to high-speed lines. During this time of rapid buildout and hyperurbanization, Orenvia proved to be the perfect solution for the DOT.
The Álvares Transportation Act of 1986 separated the management, maintenance, and construction of rail infrastructure from train operation. The Escritorio de Infraestrutura Ferroviária (EIF), an office under the DOT, became responsible for infrastructure management, while Orenvia was given ownership of the rolling stock and remained responsible for the planning, marketing, and operation of passenger and freight services. However, in 1998, then-President Maria Hernandez reversed the act and merged the two back together, giving Orenvia sole control of railway infrastructure.
Cartadania's rail infrastructure has evolved rapidly over the years, with the first electrified lines in the country being 3kV DC overhead catenary-supplied systems found primarily in urban areas of the east around Lake Parima. However, in the 1950s, the DOT modified its guidelines for rail infrastructure, mandating that those systems be converted to AC power, a costly upfront change but one that reduced costs in the long run.
Throughout most of its buildout, Solem Mobility, Cartadania's largest rail mobility company, and SOLINFER, a Carto-Pelaxian multinational transport manufacturer held by Auvia Group, worked closely with Orenvia. As a result, the two companies have become the sole providers of rolling stock to Orenvia. Orenvia's responsibilities include operation of railway services for passengers and freight, maintenance and signalling of rail infrastructure through its Orenvia Complexo division, and the planning and implementation of Cartadania's high-speed rail network. In 2028, Orenvia carried approximately 6 billion passengers, while LFC companies transported approximately 232 million tons of goods in rail freight transport, making it an integral part of Cartadania's transportation sector.