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Collapse of the League
(The Culfran Succession, 1st Kin War, League of Culfras and the Kilikas Enlightenment) |
(Collapse of the League) |
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===War of Culfran Succession=== | ===War of Culfran Succession=== | ||
In 1705, King Alexander III and his heir apparent Princess Diana O’Rourke passed away early from a sudden and vicious battle with pneumonia. The question of succession grew violent rather quickly due to foreign interests in the cadet dynasties tied to other nations in Levantia. This vicious war by some was considered the first Civil War of Fiannria/Culfra as Princes, Prince-Archbishops, and Free Cities took sides of various backed powers among the other states of the Holy Levantine Empire and beyond it. The Crisis devolved into a further crisis as neighboring Fhainerian fell into a succession crisis as well. This led to a trans-Gaeldom war and propositions of forming a union state of the two nations. This conflict became known as the 1st Kin War. By Late 1717 the crisis in Faneria was resolving and the war exhaustion in Fiannria led to the 1718 Convention of Bridhavn. | In 1705, King Alexander III and his heir apparent Princess Diana O’Rourke passed away early from a sudden and vicious battle with pneumonia. The question of succession grew violent rather quickly due to foreign interests in the cadet dynasties tied to other nations in Levantia. This vicious war by some was considered the first Civil War of Fiannria/Culfra as Princes, Prince-Archbishops, and Free Cities took sides of various backed powers among the other states of the Holy Levantine Empire and beyond it. The Crisis devolved into a further crisis as neighboring Fhainerian fell into a succession crisis as well. This led to a trans-Gaeldom war and propositions of forming a union state of the two nations. This conflict became known as the 1st Kin War. By Late 1717 the crisis in Faneria was resolving and the war exhaustion in Fiannria led to the 1718 Convention of Bridhavn. | ||
===The League of the Culfras=== | ===The League of the Culfras=== | ||
In the 1718 Convention of Bridhavn, Princes, Imperial Representatives, Prince Archbishops, and Aristocrats convened to find a new agreement for governance. Many foundational documents that would set the foundation for the future Commonwealth were made at this convention. Among those was the O’Rourkian Disinheritance. Concluding that the main dynastic line of the reigning dynasty was extinguished and the cadet and dynastic relatives too numerous and distant from the main line, the remains of the O’Rourkian Dynasty do not represent the Culfran interests and will therefore not be recognized as potential inheritors. Among the other verdicts from the convention was the formation of the Culfran League. A biannual assembly at the Tyn of Bridhavn with members being from every member princedom, bisophric, and free city would oversee the business of the member Princedoms with an annually elected Magister of the Tyn who would oversee the governing body and could call for emergency Tynmoots. Along with agreeing to meet as they did under the Kingdom of Culfra to pass laws regarding the Culfran League and promises of mutual defense of foriegn incursion. Ratifying the declaration of the League and recieving recogniton by the rest of the Holy Levantine Empire. | In the 1718 Convention of Bridhavn, Princes, Imperial Representatives, Prince Archbishops, and Aristocrats convened to find a new agreement for governance. Many foundational documents that would set the foundation for the future Commonwealth were made at this convention. Among those was the O’Rourkian Disinheritance. Concluding that the main dynastic line of the reigning dynasty was extinguished and the cadet and dynastic relatives too numerous and distant from the main line, the remains of the O’Rourkian Dynasty do not represent the Culfran interests and will therefore not be recognized as potential inheritors. Among the other verdicts from the convention was the formation of the Culfran League. A biannual assembly at the Tyn of Bridhavn with members being from every member princedom, bisophric, and free city would oversee the business of the member Princedoms with an annually elected Magister of the Tyn who would oversee the governing body and could call for emergency Tynmoots. Along with agreeing to meet as they did under the Kingdom of Culfra to pass laws regarding the Culfran League and promises of mutual defense of foriegn incursion. Ratifying the declaration of the League and recieving recogniton by the rest of the Holy Levantine Empire. | ||
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Following the establishment of this confederation infighting certainly decreased and prosperity returned to the country after what was a decade of war. This period is popularly known for a period of the Kilikas Enlightenment, thoughts on governance and the prusuit if happiness that dominated the intellectual scene of Fiannria among other states. It was widely embraced enlightenment principles among the aristocracy and middle class but conservative elements remained that worried against what they called radical enlightenment and anti-governmentalism and anti-clericalism. However these ideas were promoted and prospered during this time and the popularization of Lanntyns as local democratic instutions spread from rural cantons and free cities into more regions of Culfras | Following the establishment of this confederation infighting certainly decreased and prosperity returned to the country after what was a decade of war. This period is popularly known for a period of the Kilikas Enlightenment, thoughts on governance and the prusuit if happiness that dominated the intellectual scene of Fiannria among other states. It was widely embraced enlightenment principles among the aristocracy and middle class but conservative elements remained that worried against what they called radical enlightenment and anti-governmentalism and anti-clericalism. However these ideas were promoted and prospered during this time and the popularization of Lanntyns as local democratic instutions spread from rural cantons and free cities into more regions of Culfras | ||
As time went on popular movements for a united Culfras or as nationalist thinkers began to call for a united nation, not of the Kingdoms of the Culfras but one state, called a land of the free warriors as a national myth of the past, Fiannria. However, while democratization, nationalism and enlightenment principles spread through the growing middle class, the ruling class of nobility and aristocracy continued to drift apart and seek independence from the disparate lands of the League. This infighting, still only in the Tyn grew tenser leading to an almost inoperative League. By 1781 this was clear not just to members of the Holy Levantine Empire but beyond as well. In 1784 the Second Kin War broke out between Faneria and the Culfran League. The bloody war spelled out the ineptitude and failures of the League and its military as states of the League began operating independently and trying to make peace deals individually with Faneria rather as a League, betraying and shattering its unity. | |||
===Collapse of the League and the Crisis at the Turn of the Century=== | |||
As the conflict ended in Fanerian victory while the armies of the League were largely decimated and demoralized, the League began facing crisis after crisis as marches in the streets by lower and middle class protesters sought anything and everything from government reform, revolution, to even as simple as bread. Protests took place across the states of the League and noble leaders called on their fellow League members to support suppressing their revolts but to no avail. With now even the very basic tenets agreed upon of the League being outrightly ignored in 1794 for the first time since the founding of the League, no members arrived at Bridhavn setting into stone the failure of the Confederation. What followed was 6 years of infighting. Either states against states or states against revolutionaries looking to overthrow the regimes that had lost Culfran lands and betrayed the League. The fighting eventually however cooled to where a new Congress of Birdhavn in 1799 was held, however the make up of this Congress was very different from the one decades before. Among nobles, aristocrats, and clergymen were also democratically elected leaders, or at the very least revolutionary leaders who claimed to want democratic reform among them. While the Congress began in 1799 there were many points that the Congress came to a near breaking point and points where it was a stagnant Congress however eventually a new government was made. | |||
===Commonwealth of Fiannria=== | ===Commonwealth of Fiannria=== | ||
===<span id="The_Fiannan_Brothers_War_(Fiannrian_Civil_War"></span>The Fiannan Brothers War (Fiannrian Civil War=== | ===<span id="The_Fiannan_Brothers_War_(Fiannrian_Civil_War"></span>The Fiannan Brothers War (Fiannrian Civil War=== | ||