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History of Urcea (1575-1798): Difference between revisions
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[[File:La masacre de San Bartolomé, por François Dubois.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The satirically titled ''Rout of the Old Believers'' (1640), depicting the August 1616 massacres in Holchester.]] | [[File:La masacre de San Bartolomé, por François Dubois.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The satirically titled ''Rout of the Old Believers'' (1640), depicting the August 1616 massacres in Holchester.]] | ||
In the wake of the [[Nordmontaine War]], [[House de Weluta]] came into possession of the Duchy of Holchester, roughly corresponding to modern [[Ænglasmarch]]. The territory had been a useful base of operations from which House de Weluta managed to retake the Julian Throne during the Great Confessional War, but much of the Duchy's population was Protestant, or specifically [[College_of_Levantine_Churches#Old_Believers|Ænglish Old Believers]]. Unlike other Protestants, however, many Old Believers voluntarily removed themselves from organized society once Catholic rule was restored, living in small communes in the wilderness. Between the end of the Confessional War in 1575 and 1610, these groups were largely ignored by the authorities. Rumors of violence in [[Holchester]] began to circulate in the early 1610s attributable to bands of Old Believers. Historians believe that most of these rumors were legendary in nature, with most agreeing that any uptick in violence in the region being largely attributable to {{wp|highwaymen}} or other criminals of opportunity. Regardless, the Crown seized upon these rumors and deployed the [[Royal and Imperial Army (Urcea)|Royal Army]] to the Duchy in 1613. The Army forcibly broke up communes, ranging from seizing its members for deportation to random acts of violence against real or perceived Old Believers. A minor uprising was attempted in 1616 to eject the Urceans, only for the uprising to be crushed and the violence to worsen. Partly in response to the uprising, the Army began a targeted campaign of violence against suspected Old Believer leaders within the city of Holchester itself on August 27 1616, with the killings continuing for nearly a week before Royal authorities put a stop to the bloodshed. Holchester was economically and demographically devastated by this incident and the other reprisals, and by [[1620]] King Aedanicus V was compelled to withdraw the Army due to the pleading of both local administrators and [[Catholic Church|Church]] officials. The 1610s lead most Old Believers to withdraw from society even further or to voluntarily immigrate to [[Pharisedom]]s abroad. The treatment had the effect of outraging various other out-groups within Urcean society, and the incident would be cited by Gassavelian separatists for decades to come as a prime reason to resist Urcean rule. | In the wake of the [[Nordmontaine War]], [[House de Weluta]] came into possession of the Duchy of Holchester, roughly corresponding to modern [[Ænglasmarch]]. The territory had been a useful base of operations from which House de Weluta managed to retake the Julian Throne during the Great Confessional War, but much of the Duchy's population was Protestant, or specifically [[College_of_Levantine_Churches#Old_Believers|Ænglish Old Believers]]. Unlike other Protestants, however, many Old Believers voluntarily removed themselves from organized society once Catholic rule was restored, living in small communes in the wilderness. Between the end of the Confessional War in 1575 and 1610, these groups were largely ignored by the authorities. Rumors of violence in [[Holchester]] began to circulate in the early 1610s attributable to bands of Old Believers. Historians believe that most of these rumors were legendary in nature, with most agreeing that any uptick in violence in the region being largely attributable to {{wp|highwaymen}} or other criminals of opportunity. Regardless, the Crown seized upon these rumors and deployed the [[Royal and Imperial Army (Urcea)|Royal Army]] to the Duchy in 1613. The Army forcibly broke up communes, ranging from seizing its members for deportation to random acts of violence against real or perceived Old Believers. A minor uprising was attempted in 1616 to eject the Urceans, only for the uprising to be crushed and the violence to worsen. Partly in response to the uprising, the Army began a targeted campaign of violence against suspected Old Believer leaders within the city of Holchester itself on August 27 1616, with the killings continuing for nearly a week before Royal authorities put a stop to the bloodshed. Holchester was economically and demographically devastated by this incident and the other reprisals, and by [[1620]] King Aedanicus V was compelled to withdraw the Army due to the pleading of both local administrators and [[Catholic Church|Church]] officials. The 1610s lead most Old Believers to withdraw from society even further or to voluntarily immigrate to [[Pharisedom]]s abroad. The treatment had the effect of outraging various other out-groups within Urcean society, and the incident would be cited by Gassavelian separatists for decades to come as a prime reason to resist Urcean rule. | ||
===Testing the Association=== | |||
The growth of Urcean power following the Leonine revolutions was evident to most rulers within the [[Holy Levantine Empire]], causing significant alarm about the possibility of further Urcean expansion eastward. To this end, the [[Pareto Associations]] were established between large and small polities within the [[Kingdom of Dericania]] to provide a deterrent to Urcean aggression. The first association was formed in [[1611]] and was successful at dissuading King Aedanicus IV from expanding into what is now [[Eastvale]], and per the agreed on terms the association dissolved in [[1617]]. A decade later in [[1627]], Leo III became [[Apostolic King of Urcea|Apostolic King]]. Leo sought to emulate his namesake - Leo the Great - and expand Urcea to the east. The [[Royal and Imperial Army (Urcea)|Royal Army]] invested the city of Carsula (in modern Eastvale) in spring [[1629]]. This move alarmed the lords of Dericania who established the second of the Pareto Associations that year. The Second Association is perhaps the best known and most powerful, including [[Faramount]], [[Verecundia]], [[Hollona and Diorisia]], and others. Unwilling to be cowed as had happened in [[1611]], Leo abandoned the siege of Carsula and marched directly for the nearest Association city, Solva (also in modern Eastvale). Throughout the course of 1629, 1630, and 1631, the King and Association largely shadowed each other, forcing both sides to retreat from sieges but also shying away from battle. After two years of impasse, Leo directly attacked the Association force at the Battle of the Olbicella in western [[Rhotia]] on 18 July [[1631]]. The battle ended in disaster as the Urceans were soundly defeated, but a subsequent rearguard action allowed the Urceans to make a successful defensive stand at the Battle of Alberola on 3 August. After Alberola, the Urceans were able to withdraw to Urcea in good order. Suitably chastened, Leo sued for peace. He and his successors would avoid combat in Dericania for nearly a century, instead preferring to focus their expansion westward into [[The Islands (Urcea)|the Islands]]. | |||
===Gassavelian integration and uprising=== | ===Gassavelian integration and uprising=== | ||
At the end of the [[Great Confessional War]], the Urcean Crown annexed the entire western heartland of the former [[Kingdom of Gassavelia]] in the 1570s. The legal, economic, and social integration of these regions were haphazard at best and were not a major priority of the Crown or Government. The area was divided into more than a dozen different counties, duchies, and margravates ruled individually by the [[Apostolic King of Urcea]] but functionally governed by local magnates. Severe economic depression gripped the region as futile efforts to transform the hilly and tropical area into land suitable for large, Valley-style agricultural settlement. These efforts led to famine and large scale out-migration into other parts of the Kingdom, worsening the labor supply and economic situation. Despite this, little effort was made to ameliorate conditions. By [[1650]], secret socieites began to form throughout the few remaining heavily populated urban centers of the region. The authorities, such as they were, managed to suppress opposition for a time, but by the 1670s culturally [[Gassavelian people|Gassavelian]] magnates began to store large amounts of arms and ammunition. In 1675, the magnates and large groups of urban rebels declared an open rebellion against the Urceans in favor of one of their own, a magnate named Arses, who began to style himself King Arses III. The ensuing conflict would be known as the '75 Rising. | At the end of the [[Great Confessional War]], the Urcean Crown annexed the entire western heartland of the former [[Kingdom of Gassavelia]] in the 1570s. The legal, economic, and social integration of these regions were haphazard at best and were not a major priority of the Crown or Government. The area was divided into more than a dozen different counties, duchies, and margravates ruled individually by the [[Apostolic King of Urcea]] but functionally governed by local magnates. Severe economic depression gripped the region as futile efforts to transform the hilly and tropical area into land suitable for large, Valley-style agricultural settlement. These efforts led to famine and large scale out-migration into other parts of the Kingdom, worsening the labor supply and economic situation. Despite this, little effort was made to ameliorate conditions. By [[1650]], secret socieites began to form throughout the few remaining heavily populated urban centers of the region. The authorities, such as they were, managed to suppress opposition for a time, but by the 1670s culturally [[Gassavelian people|Gassavelian]] magnates began to store large amounts of arms and ammunition. In 1675, the magnates and large groups of urban rebels declared an open rebellion against the Urceans in favor of one of their own, a magnate named Arses, who began to style himself King Arses III. The ensuing conflict would be known as the '75 Rising. | ||