User:Kir/Draftspace

🅱️enig

Kibbutz №1
Model	Mośav
Affiliation	CWF
Founded	2034
Founded by	Valosian Coscivians
Population	25
Area	2,312㏏

Elyaxin
Population	3,462
Area	1,660㏏

Ilan Klil
Population	567

Kisalon
Model	Smallholders' cooperative
Affiliation	National Fund for Crona
Founded by	Xorsyakav Coscivians
Population	350

Urrimkorva
Model	Autonomous collective
Affiliation	Independent
Founded by	Abrigalasts
Population	218

Śevar Stora
Model	Village coöperative
Affiliation	Coscivian Future Fund
Founded by	Dantavian Coscivians
Population	468

Marais des Cygnes
Model	Village coöperative
Affiliation	Preserver Institute
Founded by	Francophone Coscivians
Population	227

Unfree labour in Kiravia

Involuntary servitude has a long history in Kiravia, possibly dating as far back as the prehistoric Society II culture (ca. 9300-8000 BC) and continuing in limited and marginal forms up to the present day. Outright ownership of human beings - that is, slavery strictly defined - was commonplace in ancient Kiravia. Slavery sensu stricto was gradually abandoned with the adoption of Shaftonism as a governing ideology, but would be followed by other forms of unfree labour relations based on the caste system, manorialism, debt bondage, and contractual indenture. The extent and importance of these systems declined in most parts of Great Kirav during the early modern period; however, in the overseas colonies highly similar conditions were concurrently imposed on native Cronan and Polynesian populations and (in the form of emigrant indenture) on poor settlers as well. As the modern era continued, traditional forms of unfree labour were displaced by the expansion and maturation of capitalism and abolished by political reforms. During the 20th century AD, both the Kiravian Remnant and Kiravian Union enacted policies to complete the transition to free labour (though they had starkly different ideological conceptions of what this meant); both held conscription, compulsory public service, and penal labour to lay outside the scope of these efforts.

In contemporary Kiravia, forced labour is generally illegal, and the share of economic output produced by forced labour (both licit and illicit) is estimated to be very small, if non-trivial. Human trafficking and the unlawful exploitation of vulnerable workers such as nether castes and migrants remain public policy concerns.

Ancient slavery

Although slavery is in most cases of neglibible utility to pre-agricultural societies, it is thought possible that the prehistoric Society II culture of sedentary food-collectors may have employed a form of slavery or forced labour (potentially caste-based) similar to that found among later West Coast and Lataskian peoples with a similar lifestyle. The Southwest Mountain civilisation of the Formative Era appears to have had a rather sophisticated command economy that relied heavily on periodic compulsory transmigration of manpower, strongly implying that most of its food and materials were produced by some form of forced labour.

Ancient Coscivians

The Great Law Chant states that as a condition of the Emperor’s Peace, the Subjects of the Emperor may not “seize or hold” other Subjects of the Emperor. It is questionable whether the verse originally referred to slavery per se (whether male slavery was practised or even useful at this stage in history is not known) rather than inter-tribal hostage-taking, but subsequent traditions have interpreted it thus, with the implication that enslavement of barbarians (anyone other than the Emperor's Subjects) is permissible. As Coscivian society evolved from a tribal confederation (the Lawful Commonwealth) into a territorial entity and the intermediate category of 'Subjects of the Land' emerged between the Emperor’s Subjects and the barbarians, a corollary was adopted clarifying that none could hold an Imperial subject as a slave (that is to say, Subjects of the Land could not enslave Subjects of the Emperor). Further laws evolved to govern the circumstances under which Subjects of the Land were enslavable by Subjects of the Emperor. These laws changed over time, eventually subdividing the Subjects of the Land into enslavable and non-enslavable populations. Tributary peoples could not be enslaved by capture, but tribute was sometimes paid in the form of slaves, some of whom were sourced from within the tributary communities themselves. Under the Second Empire, the slave supply contracted as territorial expansion slowed and more Subjects of the Land were upgraded to non-enslavable status. Subject peoples who were no longer enslavable by this time would either be grafted into the Coscivian people by later mass Naturalisations or, along with tributary nations, become the predecessors of today’s Kiravite Minorities. Remaining enslavable subject peoples would become predecessors of today’s urom communities.

The great sage Shafto the Wise, himself a manumitted slave, preached against commerce in human beings and birth into slavery on moral grounds; he was also critical (albeit more on prudential grounds) of city-states overly reliant on slavery and large slave populations - these he thought unhealthful to the polity. While he is not on record condemning chattel slavery categorically, the adoption of Shaftonist thought among the learned classes and eventually as a governing ideology contributed to the decline of ancient slavery. Shaftonism did not, however, lead to the end of unfree labour, which was reimagined in terms of legal dependency, collective duties owed among general classes of persons, and other manners of involuntary servitude that did not entail outright ownership. It also did not directly improve the lot of the enslavable Subjects of the Land, whom Coscivian intellectuals of the time generally agreed could not be governed except as slaves, though the mode of their enslavement gradually shifted from the capture and removal of individuals to the stationary subjugation of entire communities in situ.

Later

Later caste-based, feudal/manorial, encomiendalike, debt-based, and other forms of servitude.

The non-monetary economy of the postclassical era. The yakav and harsit.

In the Colonies

Encomienda system with corvée imposed on Cronans and Sarolastans. Corvée was mainly used for mining (esp. of gold) and roadbuilding. The corvée was later abolished after uprisings made it too costly to enforce; replaced by wage labour. It did not last very long in Sarolasta simply because it was less useful for anything there.

For coffee cultivation in the tropical highlands, Kiravian indentured servants were preferred. In the highlands they were less vulnerable to tropical diseases and were better motivated than native serfs.

Uwu

Contemporary legal forms:

• Penal labour
• Nat'l Service, public service, conscription
• Imperial Academy
• Kikparis
• Visiting Caphirian bondsmen
• Clowns

Edge cases

There are certain non-military public offices and appointments that cannot be freely resigned. Most notably, members of the Imperial Academy may be summoned to provide certain professional services to the Federacy. For example, performing artists and the Poet Laureate may be called upon to perform or recite at state events. Scholars and scientists may be called upon to serve on panels, advisory boards, and special taskforces. These summonses are compulsory and often uncompensated, and members cannot resign (though they may request release, it is not guaranteed). {One-off summonses are almost never compensated; continuing commitments often come with a stipend of some sort). A 2002 Consistorial Court ruling upheld the legality of such service. Federal Councillors cannot unilaterally resign; they must be dismissed by their state legislature. In the past, Delegates to the Federal Stanora could not resign either. This was changed under the Remnant.

Although federal conscription and National Service were suspended in 1987, they remain lawful and could be reäctivated. Provincial conscription was most recently used by the Porfírian colonies during the Final War of the Deluge. A few states in the former Kiravian Remnant maintain compulsory civilian public service for youth. On a local level, some municipalities in Antaric-speaking regions have mandatory community service.

In South Kirav, clowns are legally property and may be bought and sold. There are estimated to be around 40 clowns in the South today.

As authorised by the League of Nations, Kikparis may be bought, sold, and held as property and used for any productive activity of which they are capable.

Winnecomac War Timeline

HOLD

• Wednesday, July 21, 2021 (ILT) - (June 28, 2033) President of Asteria Fatima Alvarez announce a referendum on reclaiming Winnecomac County
• Wednesday, July 21, 2021 21:31:00 (ILT) - Rioters break into main building of Tierrador's embassy in Concordia

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