Caphiria: Difference between revisions

Inhabited since at least the Palaeolithic era, Caphiria can trace its origin to a geographic region called [[Latium]] that encompassed the southern part of [[Levantia]] and the northern part of [[Sarpedon]]. Latium played a pivotal role in the development of a number of diverse cultural groups and civilizations, most notably the [[Adonerum|Adonerii civilization]], an ancient thalassocratic civilization that controlled the partial coastlines of what is now [[Urcea]], Caphiria, [[Cartadania]], and [[Burgundie]]. After the collapse of Adonerum in the 6th century BC, the ancient Latinics emerged as a dominant ethno-cultural group and spread the Latinic language, ancestry, history, and culture throughout the continent. In 480 BC, the Kingdom of Caphiria was founded by [[Lanintius]], a popular and successful Latinic general. The kingdom lasted over a century until the last king Admoneptis was overthrown in a coup d'état and the [[Republic of Caphiria]] was established, lasting almost 500 years until 109 AD. The Republic saw a vast expansion of territory, including present-day [[Cartadania]] and [[Pelaxia]], but also saw internal pressure from various ambitious leaders and the aristotracy, leading to the [[War of the Republic (Caphiria)|War of the Republic]] which saw Caphiria transition from Republic to Empire. In 136 AD, the [[First Imperium (Caphiria)|First Imperium]] was established, which saw Caphiria experiencing a vigorous expansion of its territory, having regional dominance and ultimately total control of more than half of the Sarpedon. In the late 9th century, the First Imperium [[Collapse of the First Imperium|collapsed in on itself]] due to political instability stemming from the lingering effects of the War of the Republic and after a 10-year interregnum, the [[Second Imperium (Caphiria)|Second Imperium]] was established in 900. This government was plagued with issues from the start and quickly reignited more conflict however, and lead to a massive four-decade conflict of civil war known as the [[Great Civil War (Caphiria)|Great Civil War]] in 1127. The civil war led to the [[Collapse of the Second Imperium|quick collapse of the Second Imperium]] and left Caphiria in a highly vulnerable position from outside threats.

Due to the stresses and strains from the Great Civil War, such as chronic usurpations, military insurrections, and simultaneous military conflicts across multiple frontiers, Caphiria was in a highly weakened state and the collapse of the Second Imperium brought with it a series of barbarian invasions. This ushered in Caphiria's dark age, known as the [[Dark Period (Caphiria)|Dark Period]]. Between the late 12th and 13th centuries, the empire was severely fragmented as the Senate agreed to let most of its provinces become pseudo-independent states controlled by local Sarpic warlords while it usurped control over Venceia and effectively reverted back to being a Republican city-state. Eventually, [[Șerossaccir Odobricci]], a Latino-Slavic warlord of Truřov (one of the established warlord states), began a successful military campaign of conquering his neighbors and reuniting the lost provinces of the empire.In 1283, Șerossaccir became the next Imperator and established the Third Imperium which saw the reunification of the state, the creation of the Constitution of Caphiria, and the establishment of dozens of Latino-Slavic dynasties and cultural/political institutions. Subsequent decades saw a period of optimism, cultural and scientific flourishing, as well as economic prosperity. At the same time, the [[Great Schism of 1615]], where a break of communion between what are now the [[Levantine Catholic Church]] and the [[Imperial Church|Imperial Church of Caphiria]] occurred. The Great Schism lead to the dissolution of the Western Provinces and the independence of countries such as Cartadania in 1615, Pelaxia in 1618, and Aciria in 1625. The final blow to the Third Imperium was the [[Veltorine War of Independence]] in the late 17th century, in which Caphiria lost its eastern provinces. The collapse of the Third Imperium marks Caphiria's transition into the modern era.  

Towards the start of the 18th century, Caphiria went through a major reformation process: The Senate expunged most of the Sarpic dynasties and institutions from the Third Imperium to re-establish Caphiric ruling dynasties and families, as well as the creation of a new political system and government. In 1782, the Fourth Imperium was established and Caphiria's role began to shift from regional to global power as it began to engage more in global politics, supporting the independence of its former holdings, and contributed more to the global community. Caphiria played a pivotal role in both the First and Second Great Wars, the latter of which confirmed the country's status as a superpower by being the first country to develop nuclear weapons, the only country to use them in warfare, and a permanent member of the League of Nations. In the present-day, Caphiria has utilized diplomacy as a means to solidify its standing: it has mended its relationship with Urcea and ended the Occidental Cold War with the [[Assumption Accords]], ended the 400-year-old Great Schism with the [[Eight Points Agreement]], and focuses a lot of its continential diplomacy on being a peacekeeper.  

Today, the Fouth Imperium of Caphiria remains one of the world's few superpowers, with considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific, technological and political influence internationally. Caphiria is a highly developed country, with the world's second-largest economy by nominal GDP, accounting for approximately a tenth of global GDP. Caphiria is the world's largest importer and the second largest exporter of goods. Caphiria is the foremost military power in the world, making up a third of global military spending and accounts for nearly a quarter of its GDP; this has created an extraordinarily prodigious military–industrial complex that is rivaled by no other country in history. Caphirian proponents have cited this has the primary reason for Caphiria's continued growth and global superiority, while opponents have said that Caphiria is nothing but an "army with a state".  

The region of Caphiria, known as Latium, has been inhabited since at least the 14th century BC by many ancient civilizations, most notable being the [[Adonerum|Adonerii civilization]], an ancient thalassocratic civilization that controlled the partial coastlines of what is now [[Urcea]], Caphiria, [[Cartadania]], and [[Burgundie]]. When the Adonerii collapsed in the 6th century BC, the [[Caraspi people]] established the city-state of Caraspia in present-day Venceia. Claiming to be the direct successors of the Adonerii, Caraspia conquered and assimilated its neighbours throughout northern and central Sarpedon which lead to the spread of the Latinic language, ancestry, history, and culture throughout the continent. Eventually, Caraspia and its colonies were consolidated into a single entity and in 480 BC, the First Imperium of Caphiria was formed. The First Imperium experienced vigorous expansion of its territory, regional dominance, and would eventually have control over the entire Ecinis Sea and parts of the Kindreds Sea and Great Lakes. Lasting until the late 9th century, the First Imperium began to crumble under its own weight and became unable to manage its vast territorial holdings, dealt with numerous internal struggles for power, and ultimately collapsed in 890. After a decade-long interregnum, Augustus Rahla attempted to reunite the state under his Second Imperium in 900. However, this Second Imperium was plagued with the same sociopolitical issues from the First Imperium and reignited built-up of tensions. Only a few centuries later, a series of political and military confrontations started and climaxed with the [[Great Civil War (Caphiria)|Great Civil War]], a brutal 45-year civil war during the mid-12th century. Following the Great Civil War, the Second Imperium collapsed in 1172.

 

During the High Middle Ages, Caphiria was in a weakened state due to the stresses and strains from the Great Civil War (chronic usurpations, military insurrections, simultaneous military conflicts across multiple frontiers), which exposed the weaknesses in the Caphirian Republic and the Principate. Sarpic barbarians began to migrate and attack the empire, slowly chipping away at Caphiria's frontier borders and forcing a radically different approach to governance. As the barbarians began to get closer inland, the Senate agreed to let most of its provinces become pseudo-independent states controlled by local Sarpic warlords while it usurped control over Venceia and effectively reverted back to being a Republican city-state. This period, from the mid-12th century to the late-13th century, is known as the Dark Period and represents Caphiria's most weakened state. Eventually, a Latino-Sarpic warlord from one of the so-called "usurper states" would launch a series of successful military campaigns and reunite the lost provinces of the empire. He marched on Venceia and facing little resistance from the Senate, was named the legal heir of the last recognized Imperator and reunified the state in 1283, establishing the Third Imperium.

 

Lasting almost 500 years, the Third Imperium marked the transition from the medieval period to the modern age as both Caphiria and Sarpedon recovered, economically and culturally, from the crises of the Dark Period. During this period, the creation of the Constitution of Caphiria, and the establishment of dozens of Latino-Slavic dynasties and cultural/political institutions occured. Caphiria went through cultural and political achievement, becoming a symbol of artistic and cultural influence. Due to the Latino-Sarpic cultural blend and the rediscovery of classical Latin philosophy, a new way of thinking emerged that became manifested in art, architecture, politics, science and literature. Caphirian culture flourished, producing famous scholars, artists, and polymaths. Additionally, the rise of Christianity and what role it should play occurred during this period as well, leading to a series of theological and political differences. The Third Imperium had vast territorial holdings, hegemony over most of Sarpedon, and was among the most powerful economic, cultural, political and military forces in the world of its time. At the same time however, this period features the [[Great Schism of 1615]], where a break of communion between what are now the [[Levantine Catholic Church]] and the [[Imperial Church|Imperial Church of Caphiria]] occurred. A critical consequence of this schism was the combination of the secular and religious authorities in Caphiria, which created a caesaropapist form of government. As a result, the Third Imperium shifted from its historically traditional aggressive expansionism, irredentism and interventionism policies and focused on its domestic policies, to avoid another Dark Period. This shift in ideologies combined with the Great Schism lead to the start of the end of Caphiria's massive continental empire; the dissolution of the Western Provinces began in the earth 17th century, followed by the independence of several countries in Sarpedon such as Cartadania in 1615, Pelaxia in 1618, and Aciria in 1625. Towards the end of the 18th century, the last major blow to the Third Imperium's vast empire was the [[Veltorine War of Independence]], in which Caphiria ceded most of its eastern provinces. The Third Imperium ended in 1782 and marks the transition into the present era.  

 

The traditional date for the founding of Caphiria is 480 BC by one of the local tribes, the Latinic people, who would eventually be known as the Latins. Because of the amount of consistent preserved information available throughout its existence, Caphirian history is traditionally divided into 6 distinct political ages, each having its own sociological eras. although modern historians choose to omit the Prehistory Era from future historiography because of the lack of substantial historical evidence.