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|religion = Levantine Catholicism | |religion = Levantine Catholicism | ||
|demonym = Caphiric (Ethnically) <br/> Caphirian (Culturally) | |demonym = Caphiric (Ethnically) <br/> Caphirian (Culturally) | ||
|government_type = [[Caesaropapist Constitutional Republic]] | |government_type = [[Government of Caphiria|Caesaropapist Constitutional Republic]] | ||
|leader_title1 = [[Imperator of Caphiria|Imperator]] | |leader_title1 = [[Imperator of Caphiria|Imperator]] | ||
|leader_name1 = [[Constantinus I]] | |leader_name1 = [[Constantinus I]] | ||
|legislature = [[ | |legislature = [[Corcillum]] | ||
|upper_house = | |upper_house = [[Senate (Caphiria)|Senate]] | ||
|lower_house = | |lower_house = [[National Assembly (Caphiria)|National Assembly]] | ||
|established_event1 = Kingdom era | |established_event1 = Kingdom era | ||
|established_date1 = 480 BC - 370 BC | |established_date1 = 480 BC - 370 BC | ||
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|area_rank = 2nd | |area_rank = 2nd | ||
|area = 6,047,907 km2 (2,335,110 sq mi) | |area = 6,047,907 km2 (2,335,110 sq mi) | ||
|population_estimate = | |population_estimate = 785,178,356 (2021) | ||
|population_census = 782,385,240 (2020) | |population_census = 782,385,240 (2020) | ||
|GDP_nominal = $52.5 trillion | |GDP_nominal = $52.5 trillion | ||
| Line 73: | Line 73: | ||
|calling_code = <!--e.g. [[+1]], [[+531]], [[+44]], etc--> | |calling_code = <!--e.g. [[+1]], [[+531]], [[+44]], etc--> | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Caphiria''', officially the '''Imperium of Caphiria''', is a [[Government of Caphiria|caesaropapist constitutional republic]] on [[Sarpedon]]. Caphiria is composed of [[Administrative divisions of Caphiria|17 Provinces, 2 Autonomous Provinces, a Special Administrative Province, and several territorial Possessions]]. At over 2.3 million square miles and with a population over | '''Caphiria''', officially the '''Imperium of Caphiria''', is a [[Government of Caphiria|caesaropapist constitutional republic]] on [[Sarpedon]]. Caphiria is composed of [[Administrative divisions of Caphiria|17 Provinces, 2 Autonomous Provinces, a Special Administrative Province, and several territorial Possessions]]. At over 2.3 million square miles and with a population over 780 million, Caphiria is the world's second-largest country by total area and the second-most populous country. The capital of Caphiria is [[Venceia]], which is also the largest city by population in Caphiria and the second-largest in the world with over 50 million people. | ||
The region of Caphiria has been inhabited by many ancient civilizations, most notable being the Adonerii civilization, an ancient thalassocratic civilization that controlled the partial coastlines of what is now Urcea, Caphiria, Cartadania and Burgundie. Caphiria has existed as a state since the 4th century BC and experienced several evolutions throughout its two-millennia long existence. The first recognizable start of Caphirian history began in 480 BC, with the formation of the Kingdom of Caphiria. This monarchical society had 5 kings and only lasted 110 years and was quickly replaced by the Caphirian Republic in 370 BC. The Republic lasted over 700 years and a experienced vigorous expansion of its territory, regional dominance, and would eventually have control over the entire Ecinis Sea and parts of the Kindreds Sea and Great Lakes. Eventually, in the 4th century AD, the Republic faced immense internal conflict and a series of series of civil wars occured, transforming the state into what is known as the Principate. This era lasted 6 centuries and marked the transition of Caphiria from a city-state into a true empire: it had vast territorial holdings, hegemony over Latium, and was among the most powerful economic, cultural, political and military forces in the world of its time. However, because of Caphiria's immense size and wealth during this time, it suffered sociopolitical collapse amid contention for leadership and political groups vied for control. This culminated in a massive four-decade long civil war that took place during the late-11th and early-12th centuries, which ended with the state splitting into two: a monarchy in the north and a republic in the south. This split did not last long, and by the mid-12th century Caphiria had gone through a significant reformation period which saw to the creation of a new political system and government, as well as the creation of the Constitution of Caphiria and modern Senate. | The region of Caphiria has been inhabited by many ancient civilizations, most notable being the Adonerii civilization, an ancient thalassocratic civilization that controlled the partial coastlines of what is now Urcea, Caphiria, Cartadania and Burgundie. Caphiria has existed as a state since the 4th century BC and experienced several evolutions throughout its two-millennia long existence. The first recognizable start of Caphirian history began in 480 BC, with the formation of the Kingdom of Caphiria. This monarchical society had 5 kings and only lasted 110 years and was quickly replaced by the Caphirian Republic in 370 BC. The Republic lasted over 700 years and a experienced vigorous expansion of its territory, regional dominance, and would eventually have control over the entire Ecinis Sea and parts of the Kindreds Sea and Great Lakes. Eventually, in the 4th century AD, the Republic faced immense internal conflict and a series of series of civil wars occured, transforming the state into what is known as the Principate. This era lasted 6 centuries and marked the transition of Caphiria from a city-state into a true empire: it had vast territorial holdings, hegemony over Latium, and was among the most powerful economic, cultural, political and military forces in the world of its time. However, because of Caphiria's immense size and wealth during this time, it suffered sociopolitical collapse amid contention for leadership and political groups vied for control. This culminated in a massive four-decade long civil war that took place during the late-11th and early-12th centuries, which ended with the state splitting into two: a monarchy in the north and a republic in the south. This split did not last long, and by the mid-12th century Caphiria had gone through a significant reformation period which saw to the creation of a new political system and government, as well as the creation of the Constitution of Caphiria and modern Senate. | ||
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==Government & politics== | ==Government & politics== | ||
{{main|Government of Caphiria|Politics of Caphiria}} | {{main|Government of Caphiria|Politics of Caphiria}} | ||
In theory, the Imperium of Caphiria operates as a unitary constitutional republic, with ultimate authority in every judicial, executive, and legislative matter being derived from its constitution. In practice however, Caphiria is functionally autocratic (and for all intents and purposes would be an autocratic-caesaropapist constitutional republic), with immense power is vested in a single leader - the Imperator of Caphiria - who serves as head of state and chief executive. Historically, the Imperator ruled by divine right but recently most of the powers of the Imperator have been set forth in Proclamation 9 of the Constitution. This leads to a highly complex system of de jure and de facto authority within the government as powers and duties are not clearly delineated. | In theory, the Imperium of Caphiria operates as a unitary constitutional republic, with ultimate authority in every judicial, executive, and legislative matter being derived from its constitution. In practice however, Caphiria is functionally autocratic (and for all intents and purposes would be an autocratic-caesaropapist constitutional republic), with immense power is vested in a single leader - the [[Imperator of Caphiria]] - who serves as head of state and chief executive. Historically, the Imperator ruled by divine right but recently most of the powers of the Imperator have been set forth in Proclamation 9 of the Constitution. This leads to a highly complex system of ''de jure'' and ''de facto'' authority within the government as powers and duties are not clearly delineated. | ||
Because of this unique system, the Imperator is the de jure head of each of the branches of government. However, the | Because of this unique system, the Imperator is the ''de jure'' head of each of the branches of government. However, the [[Corcillum|Corcillum of Caphiria]] wields significant power over the fiscal responsibilities of the Imperium, as well as possessing the ability to solely bring new laws to vote, and the Supreme Court system has gradually gained a tremendous amount of oversight and control over the application of the law, having the power to declare legislation or executive action made at any level of the government as unconstitutional, nullifying the law and creating precedent for future law and decisions. There have been many amendments to the Constitution to further delineate authority and organize the government further, but because of historical significance of the Imperator, it will always be the single point in which the government of Caphiria stems from. | ||
===Government=== | ===Government=== | ||
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The Imperator relies on the [[Office of the Imperium]], the principal executive organ through which his Prime Minister leads. This Office consists of the Prime Minister, who is appointed by the Imperator after consultations and is confirmed by a vote of both houses of the Senate, and all of the Ministers, according to the request of the Prime Minister. These ministries are the ''de facto'' administers of the government of Caphiria, serving the functions of the federal government on behalf of the Imperator. Ultimately though, the powers of the Office of the Imperium rest in the hands of the Imperator until the ministers assume their offices. While the Imperator maintains executive power at the highest level, he delegates power and authority to a ''Praetor'' (governor) to administer the Imperium's 21 provincial-level divisions. The Imperator also serves as military commander-in-chief and chief diplomat, directly presiding over the 13 million active-duty military personnel, 7 million employees within the executive branch, and 4 ministries. While the Imperator possess near limitless executive power, the Senate has the ability to legally oppose most of the Imperator's actions by a super-majority. | The Imperator relies on the [[Office of the Imperium]], the principal executive organ through which his Prime Minister leads. This Office consists of the Prime Minister, who is appointed by the Imperator after consultations and is confirmed by a vote of both houses of the Senate, and all of the Ministers, according to the request of the Prime Minister. These ministries are the ''de facto'' administers of the government of Caphiria, serving the functions of the federal government on behalf of the Imperator. Ultimately though, the powers of the Office of the Imperium rest in the hands of the Imperator until the ministers assume their offices. While the Imperator maintains executive power at the highest level, he delegates power and authority to a ''Praetor'' (governor) to administer the Imperium's 21 provincial-level divisions. The Imperator also serves as military commander-in-chief and chief diplomat, directly presiding over the 13 million active-duty military personnel, 7 million employees within the executive branch, and 4 ministries. While the Imperator possess near limitless executive power, the Senate has the ability to legally oppose most of the Imperator's actions by a super-majority. | ||
The legislative branch of Caphiria is called [[Corcillum|The Corcillum]], a tetracameral legislature consisting of four chambers: the National Assembly, Military Assembly, Tribune Assembly, and the Senate. A combination of ''mais maiorum'' and statute determines the roles of each chamber. Many measures must be considered by more than one chamber, and these measures are known as "final decrees" (''consultum ultimum'') as their decisions cannot be overridden due to their acceptance by more than one chamber. The four chambers are divided into two categories; those which are said to be "representative", which are the Senate and National Assembly, and those which are said to be "meritorious", which are the Military and Tribunal Assemblies. The representative assemblies are viewed as a direct voice of the people of Caphiria within the nation's decision-making, whereas the meritorious chambers are the voice of those who are viewed to have sacrificed on behalf of the nation as a consequence of their service. Each chamber functions semi-autonomously from one another and as a result, the National Assembly has nominal authority over the entire Corcillum which means the National Assembly is functionally the national legislature. The Military Assembly is composed of every Commander in the [[Imperial Armed Forces of Caphiria|Imperial Armed Forces]] and are responsible of the conduct of wars as well as the prosecution of war and peace. The Tribune Assembly is composed of [[Magistrates of Caphiria#Non-parliamentary%20magistrates|non-parliamentary magistrates]] such as Aediles, Proaediles, Censores, and more. The Tribune Assembly is responsible for nationwide administrative tasks, and the organizing and reorganization of provinces and regions. The fourth chamber, the Senate, deals with national economic policy and treaties relating to trade, succession, grants of nobility, and more. Members of the National Assembly and Senate are chosen through direct election and every member of the Corcillum is elected to a five-year term.[[File:Wien 01 Justizpalast a.jpg|thumb|[[Supreme Court of Caphiria|The Supreme Court of Caphiria]]|alt=|left| | The legislative branch of Caphiria is called [[Corcillum|The Corcillum]], a tetracameral legislature consisting of four chambers: the National Assembly, Military Assembly, Tribune Assembly, and the Senate. A combination of ''mais maiorum'' and statute determines the roles of each chamber. Many measures must be considered by more than one chamber, and these measures are known as "final decrees" (''consultum ultimum'') as their decisions cannot be overridden due to their acceptance by more than one chamber. The four chambers are divided into two categories; those which are said to be "representative", which are the Senate and National Assembly, and those which are said to be "meritorious", which are the Military and Tribunal Assemblies. The representative assemblies are viewed as a direct voice of the people of Caphiria within the nation's decision-making, whereas the meritorious chambers are the voice of those who are viewed to have sacrificed on behalf of the nation as a consequence of their service. Each chamber functions semi-autonomously from one another and as a result, the National Assembly has nominal authority over the entire Corcillum which means the National Assembly is functionally the national legislature. The Military Assembly is composed of every Commander in the [[Imperial Armed Forces of Caphiria|Imperial Armed Forces]] and are responsible of the conduct of wars as well as the prosecution of war and peace. The Tribune Assembly is composed of [[Magistrates of Caphiria#Non-parliamentary%20magistrates|non-parliamentary magistrates]] such as Aediles, Proaediles, Censores, and more. The Tribune Assembly is responsible for nationwide administrative tasks, and the organizing and reorganization of provinces and regions. The fourth chamber, the Senate, deals with national economic policy and treaties relating to trade, succession, grants of nobility, and more. Members of the National Assembly and Senate are chosen through direct election and every member of the Corcillum is elected to a five-year term.[[File:Wien 01 Justizpalast a.jpg|thumb|[[Supreme Court of Caphiria|The Supreme Court of Caphiria]]|alt=|left|300x300px]]The judicial branch for the Imperium is administered by the [[Ministry of Justice (Caphiria)|Ministry of Justice]] which oversees the overall judicial system. At the apex of the judicial hierarchy is the [[Supreme Court of Caphiria|Supreme Court]] (''Tribunalis Ultima'') which operates independently from the Ministry of Justice. As the highest court within Caphiria, the Supreme Court ensures the correct application of law in the inferior and appeal courts and resolves disputes as to which lower court (penal, civil, administrative, military) has jurisdiction to hear a given case. The Supreme Court can reject, or confirm, a sentence from a lower court. If it rejects the sentence, it can order the lower court to amend the trial and sentencing, or it can annul the previous sentence altogether. A sentence confirmed by the Supreme Court is final and definitive, and cannot be further appealed for the same reasons. Although the Supreme Court cannot overrule the trial court's interpretation of the evidence, it can correct a lower court's interpretation or application of the law connected to a specific case. The Supreme Court itself is composed of 15 judges that are collectively known as the Council of Supreme Judges (''Consilio Judicatis Magnus'') for the term of service of five ''lustra'' (25 years total): 5 appointed by the Imperator, 5 elected by the Senate, and 5 elected by the ordinary and administrative courts. Candidates need to be either lawyers with twenty years or more experience, full professors of law, or (former) members of the Ministry of Justice. | ||
According to the Constitution, the Supreme Court shall pass judgement on: | According to the Constitution, the Supreme Court shall pass judgement on: controversies on the constitutional legitimacy of laws issued by the State and Provinces; conflicts arising from allocation of powers of the State and those powers allocated to State and Provinces, and between Provinces; and charges brought against the Imperator. | ||
The Ministry of Justice handles the administration of courts and judiciary, including paying salaries and constructing new courthouses. The Ministry of Justice also administer the prison system. Lastly, the Ministry of Justice receives and processes applications for national pardons and proposes legislation dealing with matters of civil or criminal justice. The Ministry of Justice arranges the ''album judicum'' - a list of every licensed jurist eligible for judging cases in a lawful court - and decides on the time and place of sessions in every Caphirian court of law. It also serves as the backbone for all of the Imperium's provincial and municipal court systems. Each provincial government possesses its own ''provinciarum judex'', or provincial judge, who is subservient to the Ministry of Justice. While provincial judges have some leniency with their rulings and interpretations of the law, they are bound to the interpretation of law from the Ministry of Justice as a whole, meaning any ruling in one province will immediately affect the others. Excluding the Supreme Court, every judge and member of the Ministry of Justice is elected alongside every other member of the government each ''lustrum''. | The Ministry of Justice handles the administration of courts and judiciary, including paying salaries and constructing new courthouses. The Ministry of Justice also administer the prison system. Lastly, the Ministry of Justice receives and processes applications for national pardons and proposes legislation dealing with matters of civil or criminal justice. The Ministry of Justice arranges the ''album judicum'' - a list of every licensed jurist eligible for judging cases in a lawful court - and decides on the time and place of sessions in every Caphirian court of law. It also serves as the backbone for all of the Imperium's provincial and municipal court systems. Each provincial government possesses its own ''provinciarum judex'', or provincial judge, who is subservient to the Ministry of Justice. While provincial judges have some leniency with their rulings and interpretations of the law, they are bound to the interpretation of law from the Ministry of Justice as a whole, meaning any ruling in one province will immediately affect the others. Excluding the Supreme Court, every judge and member of the Ministry of Justice is elected alongside every other member of the government each ''lustrum''. | ||
===Magistrates=== | ===Magistrates=== | ||
{{main|Magistrates of Caphiria}}[[File:7707-1.jpg|thumb|Various magistrates meeting together|alt=|left]] | {{main|Magistrates of Caphiria}}[[File:7707-1.jpg|thumb|Various magistrates meeting together|alt=|left]]Elected officials in government are known as magistrates (''magistrati'') which can be divided into two main categories: parliamentary and non-parliamentary. Parliamentary magistrates are directly involved with the government of Caphiria whereas non-parliamentary are not. Most offices are allowed to appoint a ''vicarius'' (deputy magistrate) who assists in their duties and replaces them in the event of incapacitation or death. Since ''vicariiare'' not elected, their abilities to perform the duties of a real magistrate are severely limited by the law, kept only to essential functions. | ||
Examples of non-parliamentary magistrates include ''Quaestores'' - individuals charged with collecting taxes from praetors for the imperial government, calling out financial corruption, and serving as right-hand men and messengers of the treasury, and ''Aedilis'' who supervise spending of money from the treasury, giving them the reverse role of the ''quaestores''. | |||
Some of the most powerful magistrates in Caphiria are the Censores - 18 members of the [[Censorial Assembly]] (''Comitia Censoria'') responsible for upholding public morality, protecting the Constitution and administering the official Public Census every ''Lustrum''. Their duty and power to issue a public inquiry into literally any military, civil, or private activity supersedes every institution in the empire. In practice, there is no office higher than the Censorial Assembly, leading some foreigners to speculate that they are the true power behind the Imperium. | |||
Another major magistrate is the Plebeian Tribune, a position with extensive oversight of legislative activity in the Corcillum and the Palace. The duty of the ''Tribunus'' is to safeguard the well-being of the common people, the plebeian order, from the greed and corruption of magistrates, aristocrats, and collegiates. He is the sole magistrate from a non-patrician background and is immune to reproach from any office other than the Censors. | |||
There are hundreds of other miscellaneous non-parliamentary magistrates across the Imperium. Some unique to the Office of the Imperium are the ''numerarius'', who keeps records of national finances; the ''adjutores'', assistants to the Imperator; and the ''magister equitum'', organizer of the Imperator's transportation, to name a few. | |||
===Political Parties=== | ===Political Parties=== | ||
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|13,224,802 | |13,224,802 | ||
|} | |} | ||
According to the Constitution of Caphiria, there are three major administrative | According to the Constitution of Caphiria, there are three major administrative levels: provincial, prefectural, and municipal. | ||
The highest level of the administrative structure is the provincial level, which includes provinces, autonomous regions, possessions, and special administrative regions. Provincial-level divisions are divided into prefectural divisions, which includes prefectures, autonomous prefectures, and super-prefectures. Prefectural-level divisions are further divided into municipal-level divisions, which includes cities, municipal districts, municipalities, towns, townships, and villages among others. | |||
[[File:CaphiriaProvinces.svg|thumb|floatright|400px|The provincial-level divisions of Caphiria]] | [[File:CaphiriaProvinces.svg|thumb|floatright|400px|The provincial-level divisions of Caphiria]] | ||
Provincial divisions are headed by an elected official called a ''praetor'' who serves as its chief executive. The government of the province is called the ''provinciarum'', holding legal and administrative jurisdiction within its bounds. Each provincial government is free to organize its executive departments and agencies in any way it likes. This has resulted in substantial diversity among provinces with regard to every aspect of how their governments are organized, though the Imperium does mandate certain things for the sake of continuity. In theory, the praetor is subservient to the Imperator, effectively acting as his representative. In practice however, Praetors have ''de facto'' authority over their province and the Imperator seldom interferes at the provincial level. Praetors are part of a sub-committee within the [[Tribunal Assembly (Caphiria)|Tribunal Assembly]], an assembly of the [[Corcillum]] responsible for the public administration of Caphiria. | |||
Provinces are divided into | Provinces are divided into prefectural divisions, making up the the second level of the administrative structure. Prefectures are governed by a ''praefectus'' (prefect), who is appointed by the [[Tribunal Assembly (Caphiria)|Tribunal Assembly]], and are used for administrative, geographical, cultural and political demarcation. Prefectures represent the national government at the local level and as such exercises the powers that are constitutionally attributed to the national government. Prefectures issue ordinances written for the application of local law: to close a building that does not conform to safety codes, or modify vehicular traffic regulations (speed limit, construction permits). They are also responsible for sorting and delivering mail, serve as electoral districts for national elections and as geographical references: for instance in postal addresses and telephone codes. | ||
The lowest political division is | The lowest political division is municipal and administered according to a system distinct from higher strata. Municipalities, within their self-governing scope of activities, perform the tasks of local significance, which directly fulfil the citizens’ needs, and which were not assigned to prefectures or provinces by the Constitution or law, and in particular affairs related to the organization of localities and housing, zoning and planning, public utilities, child care, social welfare, primary health services, education and primary schools, culture, physical education and sports, customer protection, protection and improvement of the environment, fire protection and civil defence, local transport. Municipalities are led by City Prefects (''Praefecti Urborum'') and are elected every other year by popular assembly of the inhabitants (not just citizens) of the township. City Prefects lead a municipal council, the representative body of citizens and the governing body. Municipalities have administrative departments as offices of administration chaired by the heads (principals). Municipal councilmen are elected for a two-year term in direct elections by secret ballot. | ||
===Foreign relations=== | ===Foreign relations=== | ||
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===Security=== | ===Security=== | ||
[[File: | [[File:Milano_Italy_Carabinieri-01.jpg|thumb|left|Two field agents of the Imperial Police Force|alt=|300x300px]] | ||
Caphiria utilizes the [[Imperial Police Force]] as its principal law enforcement agency and domestic security service. Operating under the jurisdiction of the military and receiving oversight from the Office of Judiciary Enforcement within the Ministry of Justice, the IPF's main goal is to protect and defend Caphiria, uphold and enforce the criminal laws of the Judiciary, and to provide leadership and criminal justice services to central, provincial, regional, and international agencies and partners. | Caphiria utilizes the [[Imperial Police Force]] as its principal law enforcement agency and domestic security service. Operating under the jurisdiction of the military and receiving oversight from the Office of Judiciary Enforcement within the Ministry of Justice, the IPF's main goal is to protect and defend Caphiria, uphold and enforce the criminal laws of the Judiciary, and to provide leadership and criminal justice services to central, provincial, regional, and international agencies and partners. | ||
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{{main|Demographics of Caphiria}} | {{main|Demographics of Caphiria}} | ||
The total population of the Imperium is | The total population of the Imperium is 785,178,356 as of 2021. Of these residents, 642 million are ''cives'', legal citizens of the Imperium. Citizenship is vital for living in the empire, exempting one from the poll tax, allowing one to join the army as a legionary rather than a guard, conferring inalienable rights like health care and welfare, and permitting appeals to a Praetor during litigation. It also grants voting rights at the age of 16 and allows someone to run for political posts according to their social class. | ||
The empire had rapid population growth over the last two centuries. However, immigration is severely limited by the Constitution. Numerous bureaucratic hoops stand between a peregrini (foreigner) and entry into the Imperium to live. Citizenship is even more difficult and costly to acquire. Therefore, most of the country's growth is natural, with | The empire had rapid population growth over the last two centuries. However, immigration is severely limited by the Constitution. Numerous bureaucratic hoops stand between a peregrini (foreigner) and entry into the Imperium to live. Citizenship is even more difficult and costly to acquire. Therefore, most of the country's growth is natural, with 2.8 million new births per year. The distribution of the population is widely uneven. The most densely populated areas are the metropolitan areas of Venceia and Augsustanis, while vast regions such as the Lacio Mountains are very sparsely populated. | ||
===Languages=== | ===Languages=== | ||
{{main|Caphiric Latin}} | {{main|Caphiric Latin}} | ||