Carna
People's Republic of Carna Fowksrepublic o Carna (Carnish) Sluagh-Phoblachd na h-Càrna (Carnish Gaelic) Folkerepublikken Karnland (Eriskayer) | |
|---|---|
Motto: "Wirkers o the warld, unite!" (Carnish) "Luchd-obrach an t-saoghail, aonachadh!" (Carnish Gaelic) "Arbeidere i alle land, foren dere!" (Eriskayer) | |
 Location of Carna (dark green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Dunaird |
| Official languages | Carnish Carnish Gaelic Eriskayer |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Carnish |
| Government | Unitary Marxist–Kassist one-party socialist republic |
| Robert Meighan | |
| Sarah Wylie | |
| Brodie MacDowall | |
| Caitrìona Aileanach | |
| Legislature | Forgaitherin |
| Formation | |
| 995 | |
| 26 June 1948 | |
| 3 February 1949 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,009,396 km2 (389,730 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 98,863,541 |
• Density | 97.9/km2 (253.6/sq mi) |
| GDP (nominal) | estimate |
• Total | $4.647 trillion |
• Per capita | $47,006 |
| Gini | 21.2 low |
| HDI |  0.924very high |
| Currency | Carnish Siller (CSR) |
| Time zone | UTC-1 |
| Driving side | right |
| Internet TLD | .ca |
Carna, officially the People's Republic of Carna, is a country in southern Levantia. It shares land borders with Wealdland to the west, Yonderre to the north, Urcea to the east and Anglei to the northeast, and shares a maritime border with Kiravia in the Carnish Sea. It covers an area of 1,009,396 km2 (389,730 sq mi) which includes the island of Ardran, the Eriskay Islands, and the island of New Holchester in the Sea of Nordska. The country has a population of almost 99 million, the vast majority of which is situated within the country's coastal regions and central belt. The national capital is Dunaird, the country's largest city and main cultural and economic centre. Other major cities include Malkirk, Inverleith, Dalfearn, Kinlaig, Craigshiel, Largmore, and Colgar.
By 300 CE, the Germanic Ænglish people had migrated into the central areas of modern Carna, establishing permanent settlements in the region. The south and southwestern coastal areas and the mountainous northern areas of Carna remained under the rule of the native Gaelic people up until the collapse of Great Levantia in 500 CE. This saw the Ængles conquer much of Carna, developing a distinct Ænglo-Gaelic culture that laid the foundation of the Carnish language. Following the dissolution of the Western Kingdom of the Levantines in 978, the Kingdom of Carna was founded in 995, beginning more than a millennia of independent Carnish rule. With the advent of the Age of Discovery, Carna entered the global stage and established itself as a strong naval power, building a colonial empire with the establishment of the colony of Arcerion in southern Crona. Calls for reform in the late 18th century would see the Carnish monarchy relinquish significant power to an elected parliament. Carna would enter the Great War in 1939, fighting alongside their former rival of Urcea. The country would exit the war in 1948 following the Carnish Revolution which saw the Carnish monarchy deposed and the subsequent establishment of the People's Republic of Carna.
Since the Carnish Revolution of 1948, Carna has been governed as a unitary socialist state under the Communist Party of Carna (CPC). Although political organisation are not explicitly outlawed, the CPC is enshrined in the Carnish Constituion as the nation's only legitimate political party and as the only political party legally permitted to hold effective power, with only political organisations affiliated with or endorsed by the CPC permitted to contest elections, making Carna a de facto one-party state. Following the collapse of the Kurul Union in 1991, Carna assumed the leadership of the Communist International, with the country now recognised as the global leader of the Marxist–Kassist socialist movement.
Carna is a highly developed nation, with an advanced high-income economy. It has very high standards of living, quality of life, education, health care, and is categorised as "very high" in the Human Development Index, with it offering expansive social security, a universal healthcare system free at the point of use, strong environmental protections, a tution-free education at all levels, and more. However, due to its de facto status as a one-party state, its lack of political representation, and its repression of dissenting political movements, the country ranks poorly in the Democracy Index. The CPC have, however, contested Carna's Democracy Index ranking, calling the index a "biased and untruthful record that does not recognise forms of democracy outside of those of the liberal strain and that seeks to push an anti-Carnish and anti-socialist agenda."
Known for its long and rich cultural history, Carna has many World Heritage Sites and is among the top tourism destinations in Levantia. The country's national anthem, "Auld Lang Syne", has become an internationally recognised anthem which is sung around the world on New Year's Eve to mark the beginning of a new year.
Etymology
The name Carna comes from Carni, the Latin name for the Celtic peoples that inhabited the westernmost regions of Great Levantia. The name of the Carni is derived from the Carnish Gaelic word càrn, which is the root of the Carnish and Ænglish word "cairn". It is widely believed that the Latin name Carni was given to the westernmost Celts of Great Levantia due to the region's high density of cairns, with more ancient cairns being found in Carna than anywhere else in the world. The modern Carnish Gaelic name for the country, Càrna, stems from this theory, literally meaning "Cairn land" or "Land of cairns".
History
Prehistory
Excavations throughout Carna revealed a Neanderthal presence dating back to the Middle Palaeolithic period some 200,000 years ago, while modern humans first arrived in Carna, from the southeast on foot, about 35,000 years ago. The best known artefacts of these prehistoric human settlements are the famous paintings in the Creagan Dubha cave in northern Carna, which were created from 32,600 to 13,500 BCE. Archaeological and genetic evidence suggests that Carna acted as one of several major refugia from which northern Levantia was repopulated following the end of the last ice age.
By about 3,000 BCE, the population of Carna is believed to have been primarily made up of the ancestors of the Gaelic Celts. When exactly the Celts first arrived in Carna has been debated for close to a century, with the migrations of the Celts being one of the more enduring themes of archaeological and linguistic studies. The current prevailing theory is that the ancestors of the Gaels, forced to expand out of their homeland in northern Levantia due to famine and conflict with the ancestors of the Pretannic Celts, arrived in the highlands of northern Carna sometime between 4,000 and 3,600 BCE and expanded southward to populate the central belt, lowlands, and the islands of Carna over the following centuries.