Electoral systems of the world: Difference between revisions
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[[File:UK Polling Booth 2011.JPG|thumb|Polling booths in [[Anglei]].]] | |||
An '''electoral system''' or '''voting system''' is a set of rules that determine how {{wp|elections}} and {{wp|referenda}} are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections may take place in [[List of companies by industry|business]], non-profit organisations and informal organisations. These rules govern all aspects of the voting process: when elections occur, who is allowed to vote, who can stand as a candidate, how ballots are marked and cast, how the ballots are counted, how votes translate into the election outcome, limits on campaign spending, and other factors that can affect the result. Political electoral systems are defined by constitutions and electoral laws, are typically conducted by election commissions, and can use multiple types of elections for different offices. | An '''electoral system''' or '''voting system''' is a set of rules that determine how {{wp|elections}} and {{wp|referenda}} are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections may take place in [[List of companies by industry|business]], non-profit organisations and informal organisations. These rules govern all aspects of the voting process: when elections occur, who is allowed to vote, who can stand as a candidate, how ballots are marked and cast, how the ballots are counted, how votes translate into the election outcome, limits on campaign spending, and other factors that can affect the result. Political electoral systems are defined by constitutions and electoral laws, are typically conducted by election commissions, and can use multiple types of elections for different offices. | ||
Revision as of 16:15, 9 February 2023
An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referenda are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections may take place in business, non-profit organisations and informal organisations. These rules govern all aspects of the voting process: when elections occur, who is allowed to vote, who can stand as a candidate, how ballots are marked and cast, how the ballots are counted, how votes translate into the election outcome, limits on campaign spending, and other factors that can affect the result. Political electoral systems are defined by constitutions and electoral laws, are typically conducted by election commissions, and can use multiple types of elections for different offices.
Some electoral systems elect a single winner to a unique position, such as prime minister, president or governor, while others elect multiple winners, such as members of parliament or boards of directors. When electing a legislature, areas may be divided into constituencies with one or more representatives. Voters may vote directly for individual candidates or for a list of candidates put forward by a political party or alliance. There are many variations in electoral systems, with the most common systems being first-past-the-post voting, block voting, the two-round (runoff) system, proportional representation and ranked voting. Some electoral systems, such as mixed systems, attempt to combine the benefits of non-proportional and proportional systems.
| System | Utilizacíon | |
|---|---|---|
| System | National governments | Subnational, private, and other entities |
| First-Past-the-Post (FPTP) Single-Member Plurality (SMP) |
 Faneria - People's Council Caphiria - National Assembly Urcea - Concilium Daoni |
 Kiravia
|
| Party-list proportional representation | Faneria - Party Council Pelaxia - Senate, Chamber of Deputies Yonderre - Parliament Volonia - National Assembly |
Kiravia
|
| Instant-runoff voting (IRV) Alternative vote (AV) Ranked-choice voting (RCV) |
 the Cape
|
Kiravia
|
| Single transferable vote (STV) | Kiravia
|
Kiravia
|
| General ticket | Kiravia
|
Kiravia
|
| Sortition |  Anglei - Principal Electorate
|
Kiravia
|
